• 음성과학
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• 제1권
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• pp.83-101
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• 1997

This paper aims at exploring a putative positional neutralization produced at the phonetics/phonology interface. It was designed to determine whether Korean intervocalic laryngeal consonants are phonetically distant from geminates, plain consonants, or laryngeal consonants in consonant clusters. It was found that the contrast between laryngeal singletons and geminates was neutralized intervocalically, and that both of these were patterned with heteroganic consonant sequences rather than with plain singletons.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2006년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.788-791
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• 2006

기존의 유표성 이론에 따르면, 마찰음이 파열음보다 유표적이므로 발음하기 어렵다는 것은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국 EFL 학습자들이 발음하기 어려운 마찰음 [f, v]를 어떻게 인지하는지 살펴보기 위해서 영어 순자음 [p, b, f, v]를 판별하는 실험을 기획하였다. 40명의 한국 학생들이 영어 순자음이 들어간 임시어를 인지하는 테스트를 실행한 결과, 순자음의 운율적 위치가 인지 정확도를 결정짓는데 영향을 미침을 발견하였고 특히 유표성 이론의 예상과 달리 무성 마찰음[f]의 정확도가 비강세 모음사이의 위치를 제외한 모든 위치에서 높게 나왔다. 영어 순자음의 평균인지 정확도는 강세 모음사이와 어두 초성에서 높은 반면에 어말 종성과 비강세 모음사이에서는 낮았다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.851-870
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distribution of /ju/ in British English, especially after the coronal sonorants /n, l, /r/. The sequence /ju/ is related with vowels such as /u/, /ʊ/, and /ʊ/, and has occasioned a variety of conflicting analyses or suggestions. One of those is in which context /j/ is deleted if we suppose that the underlying form is /ju/. The context differs according to the dialect we deal with. In British English, it is known that /j/ is deleted always after /r/, and usually after /l/ when it occurs in an unstressed word-medial syllable. To check this well-known fact I searched OED Online (the 2nd Edition, 1989) for those words which contain /n, l, r/ + /ju, jʊ, u, ʊ, (j)u, (j)ʊ/ in their pronunciations, using the search engine provided by OED Online. After removing some unnecessary words, I classified the collected words into several groups according to the preceding sonorant consonants, the positions, and the presence (or absence) of the stress, of the syllable where /ju/ occurs. The results are as follows: 1) the deletion of /j/ depends on the sonorant consonant which /ju/ follows, the position where it occurs, and the presence of the stress which /ju/ bears; 2) though the influence of the sonorant consonants is strong, the position and stress also have non-trivial effect on the deletion of /j/, that is, the word-initial syllable and the stressed syllable prefer the deletion of /j/, and word-medial and unstressed syllable usually retain /j/; 3) the stress and position factors play their own roles even in the context where the effect of /n, l, r/ is dominant.

• 음성과학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2002

This study examines the effect of laryngeal consonants of Korean on prosodic domain-initial strengthening. Keating, Cho, Fougeron & Hsu (1999), Fougeron & Keating (1996), and Hsu & Jun (1998) found that consonants at the beginnings of larger phrases are more constricted than consonants at the beginnings of smaller phrases. Korean laryngeal consonants pose a counter-example to the general pattern of domain-initial strengthening since tense and aspirated consonants are longer word-medially than word-initially. Previous work on domain-initial strengthening focused on domain-initial consonants at different prosodic domains. This study shows that acoustic cues that are not domain-edge also function to demarcate prosodic structure when the domain-initial consonant is laryngeal: VOT for an aspirated consonant and duration of V2 for a tense consonant.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.159-175
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• 2004

This paper investigated the types of errors on English pronunciation and intelligibility of Korean EFL students, and the relationship between the pronunciation accuracy and intelligibility. Thirty one students were evaluated by six English native speakers in terms of overall intelligibility and accuracy In five areas such as nuclear stress, word stress, syllable structure, consonants and vowels. According to the findings of the study, pronunciation errors were made by the subjects more frequently In word stress than any other area of pronunciation accuracy. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that intelligibility was related with word stress, syllable structure, consonants and vowels, and the stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that, among the above five areas of pronunciation accuracy, word stress best accounted for the intelligibility of a given sentence. In the conclusion, the importance of teaching pronunciation of in those five areas with a special focus on word stress was emphasized m terms of intelligibility.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.107-120
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• 2006

The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether Korean learners can use the vowel duration cue to distinguish voicing contrasts in word-final consonants in English. Given that the Korean group's performance on the auditory task was much better than their performance on the identification task or on the production task, we conclude that the AX discrimination task makes contact with a different layer of perception. In particular, the AX discrimination task can be done at the auditory or phonetic level, where differences in vowel length are still encoded in the representation. In contrast, the identification and production tasks are probing the mental representation of vowel length and voicing. It was also founded that Korean speakers stored neither vowel length nor voicing in memorized representations and did not internalize the lengthening of the preceding vowel as a rule to differentiate the voicing contrasts of final consonants, even though they were able to detect the acoustic differences in vowel duration provided that they were tested in an appropriate task.

• 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate Korean native speakers' perception of English sounds according to groupings of phonetic contrasts. The four groupings looked at were vowels, voicing (voiced-unvoiced), fricatives with difference in place of articulation, and other clusters of specific sound contrasts, such as stop-fricatives and liquids. The position of a sound in syllable was also examined. According to the results of ANOVA and a post-hoc analysis, the perception of vowels, in the medial position was different from that of consonants in the initial and final position. Vowels proved to be the most difficult group to perceive correctly. With the consonants, there was not a big difference whether the contrasts came initially or finally. The order of difficulty was liquids, fricatives, stop-fricatives, and finally voicing.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2000년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.189-198
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• 2000

/$t{\partial}n$/, /$d{\partial}n$/, /$t{\partial}l$/ and /d{\partial}l$/, on the one hand, are the typical phonemes of syllabic consonants. On the other hand, /${\int}{\partial}n$/ most plausibly gives rise to the syllabic consonants. /$t{\partial}r$/ and /$d{\partial}r/ can he syllabic. However, because lip-rounded consonants strengthen the character of consonantal phonemes, they are not so appropriate. Apart from phonemes, some familiar words also could be almost always syllabic. From the historical perspective, we can say that the position of syllabic consonants is typically the second syllables of two-syllabic words and 1.hat the underlying schwa does not always exist. In terms of the syllable structure, the syllables which include syllabic consonants are totally different from both stressed syllables and the other unstressed syllables.

• 음성과학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.7-21
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• 2004

The present study aims to investigate domain-initial strengthening phenomenon, which refers to strengthening of articulatory gestures at the initial positions of prosodic domains. More specifically, this paper presents the result of an experimental study of initial syllables with onset consonants (initial-syllable vowels henceforth) of various prosodic domains in English and Hamkyeong Korean, a pitch accent dialect spoken in the northern part of North Korea. The durations of initial-syllable vowels are compared to those of second vowels in real-word tokens for both languages, controlling both stress and segmental environment. Hamkyeong Korean, like English, tuned out to strengthen the domain-initial consonants. With regard to vowel durations, no significant prosodic effect was found in English. On the other hand, Hamkyeong Korean showed significant differences between the durations of initial and non-initial vowels in the higher prosodic domains. The theoretical implications of the findings are as follows: The potentially universal phenomenon of initial strengthening is shown to be subject to language specific variations in its implementation. More importantly, the distinct phonetics- phonology model (Pierrehumbert & Beckman, 1998; Keating, 1990; Cohn, 1993) is better equipped to account for the facts in the present study.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2009

한국어에서는 모음사이에서 겹자음이 나타날 수 있으나 영어에서는 이것이 불가능하므로 영어를 배우는 한국 학생들이 $su\underline{mm}er$와 같이 겹자음 철자를 포함하는 단어들을 발음할 때 철자의 겹자음을 모두 발음하는 오류를 흔히 범한다. 따라서 본 파일럿 연구에서는 한국 학생들이 영어 겹자음 철자를 어떻게 발음하고 인지하는지 살펴보기 위해서 영어 겹자음과 단자음의 (유사) 최소변별쌍으로 구성된 36개의 실제어를 20명의 대학생이 듣고 발음하는 인지와 발화 실험을 실행하였다. 실험 결과 한국 학생들은 철자의 영향으로 영어 단자음 철자 단어를 발음할 때보다 겹자음 철자 단어를 발음할 때 이중으로 길게 발음하는 오류를 더 흔히 범해서 겹자음 철자 단어의 정확율보다 단자음의 정확율이 크게 높았으며, 인지의 경우에도 마찬가지로 단자음 철자 단어의 인지 정확율이 겹자음 철자보다 확연하게 높았다. 덧붙여, 한국 학생들의 영어 유성 파열음의 발화 오류율이 낮은 이유를 한국어 음운 체계의 전이로 설명하였다. 끝으로, 한국학생들의 발화를 스펙트로그램을 통해서 분석함으로써 영어 단자음 철자보다는 겹자음 철자에서 더 많은 발화오류를 일으키는 것도 보여주었고 또한 교육적인 함축점도 제안하였다.