• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.86-96
• /
• 2021

This cross-sectional survey research carried out with the inquisitive agenda on satisfaction of the translation outcomes as performed by human translation and (machine translation) post-editing. The survey group consisted of 166 Korean translators primarily working with the English, Chinese, and Japanese languages. They were asked to rate the satisfactory level with accuracy, fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology in the Richter's scale of four. The result reveals that human translation is more satisfactory than post-editing with respect to accuracy, but it is uneasy to assert that accuracy is unsatisfactory in post-editing. On the other hand, the Korean translators are less satisfied with fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology than accuracy. It can be assumed that although human translation is more satisfactory than post-editing, the accuracy of post-editing seems to be more acknowledged than fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology, which lead the translators to take the accuracy of raw machine-translation products and to go on to improve the fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology. Nevertheless, Korean translators believe Korean idiomatic expressions cannot be satisfactorily produced in post-editing, while fluency and terminology can be improved in post-editing.

• 한국전자거래학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.175-192
• /
• 2022

자연어 처리 기술을 접목한 컴퓨터 보조 언어 학습 연구가 진행되고 있지만, 기존 영문교정은 일반적인 영어 문장을 기반으로 연구되어, 격식을 갖춘 문체와 전문적인 기술 용어를 사용하는 학술 영문의 경우 그 특성을 반영하지 못한 교정 결과를 제공한다. 또한 문장의 문법적 완성도 향상을 위한 다수의 기존 연구는 교정을 통한 문장 전달력 향상의 한계점이 존재한다. 따라서, 본 논문은 전문적인 기술 용어 사용을 기반으로 문장의 명확한 의미 전달을 목적으로 하는 학술 영문을 위한 자동 교정 방법론을 제안한다. 제안 방법론은 오탈자 교정과 문장 전달력 개선 두 단계로 구성된다. 오탈자 교정 단계는 입력된 오탈자와 문맥에 적합한 교정 단어를 제공한다. 문장 전달력 개선 단계는 원문과 교정문의 쌍으로부터 학습할 수 있는 양방향 순환신경망 기계번역 사후교정 모델을 기반으로 문장의 전달력을 개선한다. 실제 교정 데이터를 이용한 실험을 수행하였으며, 정량적·정성적 분석을 통해 제안 방법론의 우수성을 검증하였다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.165-171
• /
• 2018

As the artificial intelligence (AI) plays a crucial role in machine translation (MT) which has loomed large as a new translation paradigm, concerns have also arisen if MT can produce a quality product as human translation (HT) can. In fact, several MT experimental studies report cases in which the MT product called post-editing (PE) as equally as HT or often superior ([1],[2],[6]). As motivated from those studies on translation quality between HT and PE, this study set up an experimental situation in which Korean literature was translated into English, comparatively, by 3 translators and 3 post-editors. Afterwards, a group of 3 other Koreans checked for accuracy of HT and PE; a group of 3 English native speakers scored for fluency of HT and PE. The findings are (1) HT took the translation time, at least, twice longer than PE. (2) Both HT and PE produced similar error types, and Mistranslation and Omission were the major errors for accuracy and Grammar for fluency. (3) HT turned to be inferior to PE for both accuracy and fluency.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제18권8호
• /
• pp.943-949
• /
• 2015

A reader usually spends a lot of time browsing and searching word meaning in a dictionary, internet or smart applications in order to find the unknown words. In this paper, we propose a method to compensate this drawback. The proposed method introduces a vocabulary upon recognizing a word or group of words that was captured by a smart phone camera. Through this proposed method, organizing and editing words that were captured by smart phone, searching the dictionary data using bisection method, listening pronunciation with the use of speech synthesizer, building and editing of vocabulary stored in database are given as the features. A smart phone application for organizing English words was established. The proposed method significantly reduces the organizing time for unknown English words and increases the English learning efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제24권10호
• /
• pp.952-959
• /
• 2023

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have garnered considerable interest for their potential to aid non-native English-speaking researchers. These models can function as personal, round-the-clock English tutors, akin to how Prometheus in Greek mythology bestowed fire upon humans for their advancement. LLMs can be particularly helpful for non-native researchers in writing the Introduction and Discussion sections of manuscripts, where they often encounter challenges. However, using LLMs to generate text for research manuscripts entails concerns such as hallucination, plagiarism, and privacy issues; to mitigate these risks, authors should verify the accuracy of generated content, employ text similarity detectors, and avoid inputting sensitive information into their prompts. Consequently, it may be more prudent to utilize LLMs for editing and refining text rather than generating large portions of text. Journal policies concerning the use of LLMs vary, but transparency in disclosing artificial intelligence tool usage is emphasized. This paper aims to summarize how LLMs can lower the barrier to academic writing in English, enabling researchers to concentrate on domain-specific research, provided they are used responsibly and cautiously.

• 공학논문집
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 1998

본 논문에서는 SGML DTD(Document Type Definition)의 문서 구조정보를 이용하여 SGML 실례문서를 편집하기 위한 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 이를 위해 문서의 논리구조 표현을 위한 구조 창을 이용하여 SGML 문서를 편집할 수 있어 SGML에 대해 모르는 사용자도 편집오류 없이 문서를 생성할 수 있고 엘리먼트(element)와 속성(attribute), 엔티티(entity)를 지원하는 도구를 이용하여 엘리먼트 등을 손쉽게 수정 가능하고, 생성된 문서를 SGML 파서(parser)를 이용하여 검증할 수 있도록 시스템을 설계하였다. 또한 본 시스템은KS 5601코드를 사용하여 한글과 영문 텍스트를 모두 지원한다. 본 논문에서 설계한 SGML 문서 편집 시스템은 윈도우 사용자 인터페이스를 위해 윈도우95 시스템 환경 하에서 구현하였다.

• 영어어문교육
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.199-218
• /
• 2011

This study is to explore one of efficient procedures in producing English textbooks for secondary school students. According to a series of changes in the National Curriculum, new textbooks have been selected and used in English classes. Textbooks are one of the fundamental factors in teaching and learning languages together with learners and teachers. So this study emphasizes the significance of textbooks and presents the practical model of producing English textbooks including activity books, from major aspects such as planning, writing, editing, selecting, etc. The current government has made continuing efforts to improve English education development by administrating innovative policies [strategies]. However, there still remain lots of difficulties in this gigantic task, which is not an exception in the matter of textbooks. Therefore, to provide students with better textbooks, the government should not only invest great funds but also renovate the present polluted system of selecting textbooks.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
• /
• 제33권46호
• /
• pp.287.1-287.14
• /
• 2018

Integrity of authorship and peer review practices are important considerations for ethical publishing. Criteria for authorship, as delineated in the guidelines by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), have undergone evolution over the decades, and now require fulfillment of four criteria, including the need to be able to take responsibility for all aspects of the manuscript in question. Although such updated authorship criteria were published nearly five years ago, still, many major medical and specialist journals have yet to revise their author instructions to conform to this. Inappropriate authorship practices may include gift, guest or ghost authorship. Existing literature suggests that such practices are still widely prevalent, especially in non-English speaking countries. Another emerging problem is that of peer review fraud, mostly by authors, but also rarely by handling editors. There is literature to suggest that a proportion of such fake peer review may be driven by the support of some unscrupulous external editing agencies. Such inappropriate practices with authorship malpractices or disagreement, or peer review fraud, have resulted in more than 600 retractions each, as identified on the retractions database of Retractionwatch.com. There is a need to generate greater awareness, especially in authors from non-English speaking regions of the world, about inappropriate authorship and unethical practices in peer review. Also, support of any external editing agency should be clearly disclosed by authors at the time of submission of a manuscript.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 2021

The aim of this study was to explore the use of Google Classroom as a learning management system for College English. The study targeted 34 university students. They took part in various activities, such as writing reactions to video lectures, peer-editing essays, and recording video presentations, et cetera. For the study, a t-test was conducted to evaluate the English development of the students. The two essays that each student wrote were used as the data sources. The result (t=-5.854, p=.000) indicated an improvement in their English writing proficiency. In addition, a survey was conducted to gather students' feedback regarding their perceptions towards the course. The study covered five aspects of their experience: Google Classroom, language development, Quizlet, classroom experience, and essay-writing experience. From the results, students indicated a positive response to the program. The use of Google Classroom in an online learning setting accomplishes two things; it helped the students in the development of their English proficiency, and provided activities that students find interesting, which in turn stimulates their self-learning spirit.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제12권10호
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2021

기계번역 사후교정 (Automatic Post Editing, APE)이란 번역 시스템을 통해 생성한 번역문을 교정하는 연구 분야로, 영어-독일어와 같이 학습데이터가 풍부한 언어쌍을 중심으로 연구가 진행되고 있다. 최근 APE 연구는 전이학습 기반 연구가 주로 이루어지는데, 일반적으로 self supervised learning을 통해 생성된 사전학습 언어모델 혹은 번역모델이 주로 활용된다. 기존 연구에서는 번역모델에 전이학습 시킨 APE모델이 뛰어난 성과를 보였으나, 대용량 언어쌍에 대해서만 이루어진 해당 연구를 저 자원 언어쌍에 곧바로 적용하기는 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 언어 혹은 번역모델의 두 가지 전이학습 전략을 대표적인 저 자원 언어쌍인 한국어-영어 APE 연구에 적용하여 심층적인 모델 검증을 진행하였다. 실험결과 저 자원 언어쌍에서도 APE 학습 이전에 번역을 한차례 학습시키는 것이 유의미하게 APE 성능을 향상시킨다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.