• Title/Summary/Keyword: Engineering Technology

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Optimization of bioethanol production from nigerian sugarcane juice using factorial design

  • Suleiman, Bilyaminu;Abdulkareem, Saka A.;Afolabi, Emmanuel A.;Musa, Umaru;Mohammed, Ibrahim A.;Eyikanmi, Tope A.
    • Advances in Energy Research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.69-86
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    • 2016

  • The quest to reduce the level of overdependence on fossil fuel product and to provide all required information on proven existing alternatives for renewable energy has resulted into rapid growth of research globally to identify efficient alternative renewable energy sources and the process technologies that are sustainable and environmentally friendly. The present study is aimed at production and characterization of bioethanol produced from sugarcane juice using a $2^4$ factorial design investigating the effect of four parameters (reaction temperature, time, concentration of bacteria used and amount of substrate). The optimum bioethanol yield of 19.3% was achieved at a reaction temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, time of 72 hours, yeast concentration of 2 g and 300 g concentration of substrate (sugarcane juice). The result of statistical analysis of variance shows that the concentration of yeast had the highest effect of 7.325 and % contribution of 82.72% while the substrate concentration had the lowest effect and % contribution of -0.25 and 0.096% respectively. The bioethanol produced was then characterized for some fuel properties such as flash point, specific gravity, cloud point, pour point, sulphur content, acidity, density and kinematic viscosity. The results of bioethanol characterization conform to American society for testing and materials (ASTM) standard. Hence, sugarcane juice is a good and sustainable feedstock for bioethanol production in Nigeria owing relative abundance, cheap source of supply and available land for large scale production.

  • https://doi.org/10.12989/eri.2016.4.1.069 인용 KSCI

Development of the vapor film thickness correlation in porous corrosion deposits on the cladding in PWR

  • Yuan Shen;Zhengang Duan;Chuan Lu ;Li Ji ;Caishan Jiao ;Hongguo Hou ;Nan Chao;Meng Zhang;Yu Zhou;Yang Gao
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.54 no.12
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    • pp.4798-4808
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    • 2022

  • The porous corrosion deposits (known as CRUD) adhered to the cladding have an important effect on the heat transfer from fuel rods to coolant in PWRs. The vapor film is the main constituent in the two-phase film boiling model. This paper presents a vapor film thickness correlation, associated with CRUD porosity, CRUD chimney density, CRUD particle size, CRUD thickness and heat flux. The dependences of the vapor film thickness on the various influential factors can be intuitively reflected from this vapor film thickness correlation. The temperature, pressure, and boric acid concentration distributions in CRUD can be well predicted using the two-phase film boiling model coupled with the vapor film thickness correlation. It suggests that the vapor thickness correlation can estimate the vapor film thickness more conveniently than the previously reported vapor thickness calculation methods.

  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2022.08.013 인용 PDF KSCI