• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2007

A gun is still one of the major weapons of a combat ship. To assess the ship's fire control capability which is influenced by tracking system, fire control algorithm, gun, the ship itself, target behavior, environment and engagement situation, simulation system for gun-oriented engagement for surface ship is needed. This paper proposes the process for designing and implementing a gun-oriented engagement simulation system using DEVS(Discrete Event Simulation Specification), which is a formalism based on the set theory. It consists of the following activities : 1) analyzing the characteristics of a gun-oriented engagement, 2) constructing the deterministic model of the combat ship of study with DEVS, 3) modeling properties of each entity showing as stochastic errors. With this process, the gun-oriented engagement simulation system is developed and applied for the combat system under development.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 2020

The goal of this research was to understand the patterns of multidimensional engagement in MOOCs. An email with an online survey link was sent to enrollees in an MOOC course. The survey included 35 questions asking about engagement, teaching presence, and learning persistence. The items were validated in the literature, revised for the MOOC setting, reviewed by four professionals in the field of educational technology, and used in the study. A heterogeneous group of 170 individuals gathered through convenience sampling participated in the study. With cluster analysis of the engagement data, three groups were identified: Cluster1, 2, and 3. Cluster 1 scored high on behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. Cluster 2 scored high on behavioral aspects but low on emotional and cognitive engagement. Cluster 3 scored low on behavioral and cognitive engagement but high on emotional aspects. The study addressed cluster-specific learner characteristics and differences in perceived teaching presence and learning persistence. Design strategies pertaining to each cluster were further discussed. These strategies may guide instructors and practitioners in the design and management of MOOCs and should be further validated through future studies.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.65-76
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• 2023

On social media, companies create brand experiences while customers actively seek, consume, and generate brand-related content. Customer engagement plays a vital role in the marketing performance of social media-driven brands. This study explores the positive relationship between brand authenticity, aligning brand identity with image, and self-brand connection, aligning brand identity with consumers' self-concepts, on customer engagement and its subsequent impact on brand loyalty. The study surveyed 243 consumers engaged with brand-related social media content, validating hypotheses using structural equation modeling. Results confirmed that brand authenticity and self-brand connection positively affect customer engagement, which, in turn, boosts brand loyalty. These findings highlight the importance of companies enhancing brand authenticity and self-brand connection to drive customer engagement, with theoretical and practical implications provided.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.397-419
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• 2024

Online learning has become a widespread practice for students and teachers in acquiring and delivering knowledge. Education platforms have become prominent in the 21st century with the evolution of technology and the accessibility to online learning. As a result, various learning management systems (LMSs) have been introduced to facilitate online interaction between users. For instance, communication between students and teachers at school. However, there is a need to emphasise user engagement in LMS to enhance the online learning experience amongst students since the design of LMS affects user engagement. This study utilised a systematic literature review (SLR) that examined 74 articles published between 2014 and 2023, focusing on cross-cultural design (CCD), user-centred design (UCD), and usability in LMS design. This study aimed to review CCD and its association with UCD, user interfaces (UI), and user experience (UX) in the context of LMS. CCD has been introduced as an approach to design that embraces different cultures, languages, and social contexts, while UCD plays a significant role in defining user engagement for LMS. All elements in CCD and UCD help create a better user experience for LMS. Besides, this study reviewed the usability of selected LMS to give insights to developers in creating a positive user engagement. An insight into cultural factors that influence the usability of LMS has revealed their value for LMS design, such as the UI/UX elements. Initially, this study may guide future researchers in improving education quality by emphasising CCD and LMS usability, which can enhance user engagement.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.111-137
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• 2021

Embracing the important roles of presence, this study focused on exploring how to enhance online learners' learning engagement and learning achievement in distance higher education settings. More specifically, this study examined the structural relationships among university students' teaching presence, social presence, learning engagement, and perceived learning achievement in online learning environments using structural equation modeling. Data were collected from 206 university students enrolled in online courses in the second semester of 2020 at two large universities. According to the results of the data analysis, there was a significant relationship between teaching and social presence. Teaching presence and social presence predicted learning engagement that positively affected perceived learning achievement. Teaching presence was strongly associated with perceived learning achievement while social presence had a negative impact on that. Additionally, learning engagement had a mediating effect on the relationship between teaching presence and perceived learning achievement. This study found that students who perceived higher levels of teaching and social presences tend to more engage in learning, leading to perceiving better learning achievement. The findings suggest that the design, development, and implementation of effective online instruction should be needed to promote learning engagement, which can be linked to enhancing students' learning achievement. Implications and discussion are addressed in this article.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.285-309
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• 2021

It is commonly understood that students' autonomous motivation and individualistic orientations and instructors' autonomy support are important for student-centered learning (SCL). However, few studies have examined this assumption. To help researchers and practitioners design more engaging SCL experiences across diverse cultural contexts, this study examines the associations of these factors with SCL engagement and how these associations compare in different cultures. University students in South Korea and the United States participated in a bold SCL assignment, called Pink Time, in which students decide what and how they learn. Linear, multivariate models were estimated in each context to identify and compare relationships between SCL engagement and student characteristics and perceptions. We found that engagement was high in both contexts. Autonomous motivation, individualism, and perceived instructor support each had significant associations with SCL engagement in South Korea. In the US, which had a smaller sample size, only perceived instructor support was significantly associated. These findings suggest that SCL strategies can be effective across cultures. Also, the narrower classroom context, specifically instructors' support, may be a stronger driver of engagement than the broader societal context. This study contributes to the scholarly discussion regarding SCL in diverse settings and offers several implications for instructors.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.89-103
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is to explore how Netflix Customers' Engagement was influenced by Instagram Content, Perceived Price, Exclusivity, and Motivation in the context of Media Streaming and the role of Willingness to Subscribe as the mediating variable. This study underlines millennial's willingness to engage and the form of engagement. Research design, data, and methodology: The data for this research were collected from 100 Netflix's Millennials subscribers who follow @netflixid Instagram. All the results were analyzed and verified using SEM-PLS. Results: Research findings indicated that Willingness to Subscribe, Exclusivity, Motivation, and Instagram Content positively influenced Customer Engagement among Netflix millennials' subscribers. In contrast, Perceived Price had a negative effect on Customer Engagement. Conclusions: As a consequence, the exclusivity that Netflix offers to its audience by a recommendation algorithm has been proven to increase the engagement. This study also disclosed that the most definite form of positive engagement shown by Netflix millennials' subscribers is a behavioral aspect, where they positively recommend Netflix (word of mouth). The study findings can be a reference for the media streaming industry in their efforts to strengthen the engagement with their customers, especially the millennials, and provide knowledge about consumer behavior in digital technology.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 2016

In defense domain, mission level and engagement level simulation tools exist. In order to experiment a simulation scenario for obtaining results of both mission level and engagement level simulations, we should write a same simulation scenario in a mission level simulation tool as well as an engagement level simulation tool, and we have to operate these tools for analysis of each purpose. Moreover, we could not guarantee that these scenarios are completely same since each scenario is composed of different fidelities of simulation models, although the scenarios are written by a same experimenter and with same simulation purpose. To deal with the difficulties, I propose an approach to analysis of both mission level and engagement level simulations from one simulation result. For this, I have built Composite Combat Mission Planning Simulation Environment (CCMPSE). In this paper, the HLA/RTI based simulation composition technology and my experiences for the designed Composite Combat Mission Planning Simulation Control System (CCMPSCS) are explained. Moreover, This paper also conducts a case study with EADSIM, SADM, and the CCMPSCS. Finally, this paper provides lesson learned from the case study.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.31-51
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• 2020

During the last decade, social live streaming service like Periscope, Ustream, and YouNow has developed from a niche market into a mainstream activity. In this media environment, social live streaming service has a tremendous impact on the social behaviors of users. Despite the rapid development, there are a lack of studies to make better understand the media environment changes through social live streaming service. This study adopted an affordances approach that leads us to identify six distinctive social affordances (visibility, accessibility, information sharing, social interaction, role-taking, interactive revenue) for user engagement in social live streaming service. Specifically, this study explores the impact of social affordances on perceived flow, followed by user engagement including passive and active engagement. Empirical data analysis with 258 questionnaires suggests that social affordances affected users' flow perception, and flow has an effect on active as well as passive engagement. Contrary to the expectation in a hypothesized research model, only the impact of accessibility on flow was rejected.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.191-208
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• 2024

This paper proposes the presence and importance of cultural differences to address user engagement in worldwide social media platforms. Based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions, this paper addresses their new meanings in the context of user engagement in social media. Our propositions address two research questions: (1) how do cultural dimensions, displayed on social media platforms, differ across national cultures?; (2) what different preferences the social media platforms have in terms of which cultural dimensions promote or suppress user engagement? User engagement in social media platforms is explained by the cultural differences in terms of the four cultural dimensions: individualism vs. collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity vs. femininity. Implications are also discussed for research and practice.