• 태양에너지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.43-53
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• 1986

The objective of this study is to report on the characterics of convective flow and heat transfer during metling process in order to provide design information for thermal energy storage systems which use phase change material. In present study, flow and heat transfer characteristics of the Phase Change Material in the Open Top Model (O.T.M) and in the Closed Top Model (C.T.M) were studied numerically by the control volume formulation using the algebraic non-orthogonal coordinate transformation. For the calculation procedure, the physical properties of fluid are assumed to be constant except density which is linely dependent on temperature in the bouyancy term of momentum equations. At start of melting process, the thickness of melting layer is assumed from the Stefan Problem assumption. The heat transfer results of Open Top Model and Closed Top Model are compared with the parameters of Grashof number and aspect ratio. It was found that heat transfer phenomena in melted region was greatly affected by buoyancy-driven natural convection and the melting distance of Open Top Model at the upper region is greater than that of Closed Top Model.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2014

Simplified finite element model of spark ignition (SI) engine to analyse combustion heat transfer is presented. The model was discredited with 3D thermal elements of global length 5 mm. The fuel type is petrol. Internal nodal temperature of cylinder body is defined as 21000C to represent occurrence of gasoline combustion. Material information and isotropic material properties are taken from published report. The heat transfer analysis is done for the instant of combustion. The model is validated by comparing the computed maximum temperature at the piston surface with the published result. The computed temperature gradient at the crucial parts are plotted and discussed. It has been found that the critical top surface suffered from thermal and the materials used to construct the engine parts strongly influenced the temperature distribution in the engine. The model is capable to analyze heat transfer in the engine reasonably and efficiently.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Recent concerns about rising fuel prices and greenhouse gas emissions have focused attention on alternative energy sources, particularly in the transport sector. Transportation consumes 40% of overall fuel usage. As a result, a growing majority of researches on Electric Vehicles (EVs) and their Energy Management Systems (EMS) have been done. In order to enhance the performance and to meet the needs of drivers, more information regarding the EMS is needed. A new Energy Management System is proposed using a FOPID controller. To put the concept into practice, state equations are utilised. The fifth-order state-space model under study is a linked model with several inputs and outputs and the transfer matrices are calculated for decoupling the system. Utilizing these transfer matrices to decouple the system and FOPID controller is used to tune the system. The tuned parameters are minimized using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) approach with Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) as the goal. When the suggested FOPID system's results are compared to those of PID-controlled systems, a sizable improvement is observed, which is explained by the results.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2017

본 논문은 차량 내부에서 무선 에너지 전송 기술을 지원하기 위해 분산 안테나 시스템의 사용을 제안한다. 차량 내 무선 에너지 전송 시스템은 에너지 수신 단말기의 이동이 제한적이고, 채널 환경이 정적이며, 인체가 송신기와 가까운 특징을 갖는다. 이러한 상황에서 송신기의 배치는 인체에서의 수신 에너지와 에너지 수신 단말기에서의 수신 에너지의 양에 큰 영향을 미친다. 이에 본 논문은 기존 무선 통신 시스템에서 사용되는 중앙 집중형 안테나 시스템과 분산 안테나 시스템을 적용하였을 때의 차량 내 무선 에너지 전송 성능을 모의실험을 통해 비교하고, 분산 안테나 시스템이 더 좋은 성능을 가짐을 보인다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2016

In the microgrid, inverters for energy storage system are generally constructed in a parallel structure because of capacity expandability, convenience of system maintenance, and reliability improvement. Parallel inverters are required to provide stable voltage to the critical load in PCC and to accurately share the current between each inverter. Furthermore, when islanding occurs, the inverters should change its operating mode from grid-connected mode to stand-alone mode. However, during clearing time and control mode change, the conventional control method has a negative impact on the critical load, that is, severe fluctuating voltage. In this study, a parallel operation control method is proposed. This method provides seamless mode transfer for the entire transition period, including clearing time and control mode change, and has accurate current sharing between each inverter. The proposed control method is validated through simulation and experiment.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2014

In DC micro-grid system energy storage systems (ESS) are responsible for storing energy and balancing power. Also, control target of the bidirectional DC-DC converter(BDC) for ESS should be changed depending on the operating mode. During the grid connected mode, the BDC controls the battery current or voltage. When a grid fault occurs, the BDC should change the control target to regulate the DC-bus. The BDC with conventional control method may experience large transient state during the mode change. This paper proposes a control method of BDC for ESS. The proposed control method is able to provide autonomous and seamless mode transfer by a variable current limiter. To validate the proposed concept, simulation results using PSIM and experimental results from a 2kW prototype are provided.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.20-39
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• 2020

This paper considers a downlink multi-carrier cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission, where no direct link exists between the far user and the base station (BS), and the communication between them only relies on the assist of the near user. Firstly, the BS sends a superimposed signal of the far and the near user to the near user, and then the near user adopts simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) to split the received superimposed signal into two portions for energy harvesting and information decoding respectively. Afterwards, the near user forwards the signal of the far user by utilizing the harvested energy. A minimum data is required to ensure the quality of service (QoS) of the far user. We jointly optimize power allocation, subcarrier allocation, time allocation, the power allocation (PA) coefficient and the power splitting (PS) ratio to maximize the number of data bits received at the near user under the energy causality constraint, the minimum data constraint and the transmission power constraint. The block-coordinate descent method and the Lagrange duality method are used to obtain a suboptimal solution of this optimization problem. In the final simulation results, the superiority of the proposed NOMA scheme is confirmed compared with the benchmark NOMA schemes and the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1516-1519
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• 2008

We report extremely low doping technology in phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PHOLEDs). Highly efficient red PHOLEDs with excellent energy transfer characteristics even under 1 % doping condition have been demonstrated. Results reveal efficient host-dopant system to realize highly efficient PHOLEDs and useful cost saving way by reduction of expensive Ir complex dopants.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.917-922
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• 2016

RF신호로부터 전력을 수집하는 에너지 하베스팅 기술은 센서의 전원 공급 문제를 해결함으로써 네트워크의 수명을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안으로 최근 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 무선 정보 및 전력 동시 전송을 위한 효율적인 알고리즘을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저, 에너지 하베스팅 네트워크에서 채널의 probability density function을 이용하여 water-level의 하계값을 찾은 후, 이를 기반으로 파워 할당 해를 도출한다. 또한, 최소 필요 획득 에너지 조건을 효율적으로 만족시켜줄 수 있는 파워 분할 방안을 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안 방안은 기존 방안에 비해 최소 필요 획득 에너지 조건을 보장하면서 평균 데이터 전송률을 향상시키고, 최적해에 비해서는 10% 미만의 미미한 성능 저하가 있었지만 계산 복잡도를 현저히 줄일 수 있음을 보인다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.673-687
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• 2023

Convolutional neural network-based deep learning technology is the most commonly used in image identification, but it requires large-scale data for training. Therefore, application in specific fields in which data acquisition is limited, such as in the military, may be challenging. In particular, the identification of ground weapon systems is a very important mission, and high identification accuracy is required. Accordingly, various studies have been conducted to achieve high performance using small-scale data. Among them, the ensemble method, which achieves excellent performance through the prediction average of the pre-trained models, is the most representative method; however, it requires considerable time and effort to find the optimal combination of ensemble models. In addition, there is a performance limitation in the prediction results obtained by using an ensemble method. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain the ensemble effect using models with imbalanced classification accuracies. In this paper, we propose a transfer learning-based feature fusion technique for heterogeneous models that extracts and fuses features of pre-trained heterogeneous models and finally, fine-tunes hyperparameters of the fully connected layer to improve the classification accuracy. The experimental results of this study indicate that it is possible to overcome the limitations of the existing ensemble methods by improving the classification accuracy through feature fusion between heterogeneous models based on transfer learning.