• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.642-645
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• 2016

본 논문은 풍력 발전기와 ESS(Energy Storage System)를 효율적으로 연결하는 퍼지 스위치를 제안한다. 최근들어 친환경 전력 시스템의 중요성이 날로 커지고 있다. 친환경 에너지의 대표적인 태양광과 풍력의 경우 지속적인 발전이 불가능하므로 ESS의 사용이 필수적이다. 즉, 발전 가능할 때에 ESS에 충전하고 발전이 어려울 때는 ESS를 방전하는 방식이다. 이러한 스위치는 애매 모호한 구간이 존재하는데 이를 효율적으로 제어하기 위하여 퍼지를 적용하였다. 충전레벨이 낮을 경우 충전하고 충전레벨이 높을 경우 방전하는 것은 기본적인 로직이지만 충전레벨이 중간인 경우 충전이 유리한지 방전이 유리한지 모호해진다. 3단계 충전레벨과 2단계 전력레벨을 입력으로 받아 효율적인 퍼지 스위치를 구성하였다. 또한 효과적인 구현을 위하여 서피스플롯울 참조테이블로 변환하여 사용하였다. 특히, 3단계 충전레벨은 가우시한 함수를 사용하고 2단계 전력레벨은 삼각함수를 사용하여 출력 멤버쉽함수가 보다 잘 반영될 수 있도록 감안하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.113-126
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• 2021

The future energy consumption pattern will show a very different pattern from the present due to the increase of distributed power sources such as renewable energy and the birth of the concept of prosumers, etc. Accordingly, it can be predicted that the direction of establishment of an appropriate production and supply plan considering the stability and consumption efficiency of the entire power grid will also be different from now. This paper proposes a simulation model that can test a new operational strategy when faced with a number of possible future environments. Through the proposed model, it is possible to simulate and analyze power consumed and supplied in a future Smart Grid environment, in which a large amount of new concepts including energy storage service (ESS) and distributed energy resources (DER) will be added. In particular, it is possible to model complex systems structurally by using DEVS formalism among the ABM (Agent-Based Model) methodologies that can model decision-making for each agent existing in the grid, and several factors can be easily added to the grid. The simulation model was verified using given dataset in the current situation, and scenario analysis was performed by simply adding an ESS, one of the main elements of the smart grid, to the model.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.633-634
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• 2015

주파수조정용 배터리 에너지저장장치의 주파수조정용으로써의 효용성을 확인하기 위해 한국전력공사 전력연구원 ESS연구사업단에서는 제주시 조천변전소에 4MW급 ESS실증단지의 조성과 제어시스템의 실증을 완료하였다. 이후 주파수조정용 대용량 에너지저장장치 운전제어기술을 개발하여 서안성, 신용인 변전소에 설치된 52MW ESS에 각각 주파수추종운전용 28MW와 자동발전제어용 24MW 제어시스템기술을 적용시켰다. 대용량 에너지저장장치 운전제어기술을 개발하기 위하여 제어시스템과 연계할 수 있는 시뮬레이션이 가능한 에너지저장장치 및 전력계통을 개발하여 시험하였다. 본 논문에서는 제어시스템과 연계 가능하고, 운전원 인터페이스를 제공하며, 시뮬레이션이 가능한 전력계통과 에너지저장장치로 구성된 제어기 검증용 시뮬레이터 개발에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.507-508
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• 2015

본 논문은 독립형 마이크로그리드의 운용을 위한 에너지관리전략(Energy Management Strategy)을 제안한다. 제안한 에너지관리전략은 독립형 마이크로그리드의 안정적인 운영을 위하여 신재생에너지의 발전량과 전체 부하량을 비교한 뒤 에너지저장장치(ESS, Energy Storage System)의 충전 및 방전을 결정한다. 또한 에너지저장장치의 잔존용량(SOC, State of Charge)에 따라 과충전/과방전을 예방하기 위하여 부하 차단, 분산전원의 운전 방식 및 디젤발전기의 발전을 제어하는 형태로 구성된다. 가상의 독립형 마이크로그리드를 구성하고 시뮬레이션을 진행하여 에너지관리전략의 적용 시 성능을 검증한다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.208-209
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 ESS를 이용한 전력 계통의 Peak-Shaving 제어 알고리즘 수립에 대한 연구 결과를 제시한다. 과거의 요일별 전력수요 데이터를 이용하는 경우 ESS가 포함된 전력 시스템의 연결점(PCC)에서 전력 및 에너지 평형 방정식을 수립할 수 있고, ESS의 전력 및 에너지 용량에 따른 전기요금 최소화를 목적 함수로 한 선형 계획법 문제를 정식화할 수 있다. 선형 계획법 문제 해결을 통해 ESS가 추가되는 경우에 대한 경제성을 분석할 수 있고, 이로부터 ESS의 적합한 용량도 선정할 수 있다. 또한 부하 크기 및 시간대별 ESS 최적 전력 이용 패턴을 확인할 수 있기 때문에 실 운용 로직 설계를 위한 가이드로 결과를 활용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 방법을 설명하기 위한 일 예시로서, 시간대별 전력 부하 패턴의 기존 연구 결과로부터 도출한 부하 전력 곡선을 이용하여 선형 계획법을 이용한 Peak-Shaving 최적 제어 결과를 제시하고, 이를 기반으로 실시간 운전 가능한 규칙 기반 알고리즘을 설계하여 ESS의 적용에 따른 요금 절감 효과를 제시한다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2022

PCS needs to freely switch AC and DC to connect the battery, external AC loads and renewable energy in both directions for energy efficiency. Whenever converting happens, power loss inevitably occurs. Minimization of the power loss to save electricity and convert it for usage is a very critical function in PCS. PCS plays an important role in the ESS(Energy Storage System) but the importance of stabilizing semiconductors on PCB(Printed Circuit Board) should be empathized with a risk of failure such as a fire explosion. In this study, the temperature variation inside PCS was reviewed by cooling fan on top of PCS, and the vibration characteristics of PCS were analyzed during truck transportation for reliability of the product. In most cases, a cooling fan is mounted to control the inner temperature at the upper part of the PCS and components generating the heat placed on the internal aluminum cooling plate to apply the primary cooling and the secondary cooling system with inlet fans for the external air. Results of CFD showed slightly lack of circulating capacity but simulated temperatures were durable for components. The resonance points of PCS were various due to the complexity of components. Although they were less than 40 Hz which mostly occurs breakage, it was analyzed that the vibration displacement in the resonance frequency band was very insufficient. As a result of random-vibration simulation, the lower part was analyzed as the stress-concentrated point but no breakage was shown. The steel sheet could be stable for now, but for long-term domestic transportation, structural coupling may occur due to accumulation of fatigue strength. After the test completed, output voltage of the product had lost so that extra packaging such as bubble wrap should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.spc1
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• pp.97-107
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• 2024

Efforts to respond to climate change are being made in various ways around the world, and in the energy field, continuous research and pilot projects are underway through new and renewable energy, efficient power grid management, and power grid services. Systems are in place to realize these efforts, and the systems created allow for better effectiveness. When implementing a system, systems engineering methodology helps design a more systematic system and can provide verification accuracy and uniformity through intuitive connectivity. In this paper, the original requirements of the power grid stabilization system and the architecture of the system's essential constraints are constructed as a conceptual model and the boundaries and flows between components are defined. By utilizing distributed resources such as EV(Electric Vehicle) and ESS(Energy Storage System) in the power service platform system, we plan to design and build a next-generation power service system that can participate in the power stabilization market and implement a system necessary to respond to climate change in the future.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 2022

Plug-in Hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) show great potential to reduce gas emission, improve fuel efficiency and offer more driving range flexibility. Moreover, PHEV help to preserve the eco-system, climate changes and reduce the high demand for fossil fuels. To address this; some basic components and energy resources have been used, such as batteries and proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells (FCs). However, the FC remains unsatisfactory in terms of power density and response. In light of the above, an electric storage system (ESS) seems to be a promising solution to resolve this issue, especially when it comes to the transient phase. In addition to the FC, a storage system made-up of an ultra-battery UB is proposed within this paper. The association of the FC and the UB lead to the so-called Fuel Cell Battery Electric Vehicle (FCBEV). The energy consumption model of a FCBEV has been built considering the power losses of the fuel cell, electric motor, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery, and brakes. To do so, the implementing a reinforcement-learning energy management strategy (EMS) has been carried out and the fuel cell efficiency has been optimized while minimizing the hydrogen fuel consummation per 100km. Within this paper the adopted approach over numerous driving cycles of the FCBEV has shown promising results.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.376-384
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• 2020

An energy storage system is composed of lithium-ion batteries in modern applications. Batteries are regarded as storage devices for renewable and residual energy. The failure of batteries can cause the performance reduction and explosion of battery systems. High maintenance cost is essential when dealing with the problem of battery safety. Therefore an accurate health diagnosis is required to ensure the high reliability of battery systems. A battery pack is a combination of single cells in series and parallel connections. A battery pack has to consider various factors to assess battery health. Battery health involves conventional factors and additional factors, such as cell-to-cell imbalance. For large applications, state-of-health (SOH) can be inaccurate because of the lack of factors that indicate the state of the battery pack. In this study, six characterization factors are proposed for improving the SOH estimation of battery packs. The six proposed characterization factors can be regarded as health indicators (HIs). The six HIs are applied to the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm. To reflect information regarding capacity, voltage, and temperature, the PCA algorithm extracts new degradation factors by using the six HIs. The new degradation factors are applied to a multiple regression model. Results show the advancement and improvement of SOH estimation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.2161-2166
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• 2008

This paper deals with a Z-source active power filter(Z-AFU) for mitigation voltage THD(total harmonic distortion) due to voltage harmonic propagation(amplification) in 6.6kv power distribution system. Bus voltage harmonic signal is detected by 60Hz butterworth BPF(band pass filter). As an ESS(energy storage system) of the proposed system, PEM fuel cells(Ballard NEXA, 1.2kw) is employed. Test results based on PSIM(power electronics simulation tool) validate the proposed approach.