• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.556-556
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• 2003

It is generally agreed that endodontic success often depends on canal debridement, disinfection and canal obturation. Access opening to a canal is one of the key to canal debridement. Advantages of straight line access opening are allowed a greater proportion of the root canal walls to be prepared than conventional lingual access cavities, minimized the loss of the tooth structure, reduced incidence of file fracture in curved canals. The purpose of this study is determine the influence of different access opening methods on fracture strength in endodontically treated teeth.(omitted)

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2016

최근 성장 중인 아동에서 치근의 성장이 계속됨에 따라 치수가 괴사되어 치근의 병변이 있는 미성숙 영구치에서도 치수의 재혈관화(revascularization)가 실제로 일어날 수 있다는 가능성이 제시되고 있다. 소아치과영역에서 자주 접하게 되는 미성숙 영구치의 치근단 형성술의 목적은 열린 치근단에서 세균 침입을 제한하고 치근단 장벽 형성을 촉진하는 것이다. 미성숙 치아의 근관 치료에서 기존의 수산화칼슘을 이용한 치근단 형성술은 빈번한 내원과 장기간 소요되는 치료 기간, 환자협조 요구, 최종 처치의 지연, 장기간의 수산화칼슘 적용 이후 치아 파절 가능성의 증가 등의 단점이 보고되었다. 기존의 수산화칼슘 치근단형성술의 대체방법으로 MTA를 이용한 1-visit 치근단형성술을 시행하고 있다. MTA는 1990년대 초반 근관치료 분야에서 다양한 적용을 위해 개발되었다. MTA의 우수한 임상적 성질에 힘입어 국내에서도 OrthoMTA 및 Endo CEM 등의 mineral aggregate 제품이 출시되어 있다. 따라서 본 증례에서는 우리나라의 청소년에서 MTA 적용한 사례를 보고하는 데 있다. 이 연구를 통해 MTA를 이용하여 진료하는 임상가에게 소개하고자 한다. 이 연구는 11~12세의 파절이 된 치아에 MTA를 적용하여 근관 치료를 하였다. 치료 받은 환자의 치아 상태를 12개월 동안 추적 관찰하였고, 국내에서 개발된 OrthoMTA를 이용한 치근단형성술을 시행한 후 임상적 및 방사선학적 관찰 결과를 통해 근관치료재생술(REP)에 관한 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었으며, 치수괴사가 생긴 경우에서도 성공적으로 치수재생술을 적용할 수 있다는 정보를 제공하고 그 결과를 공유하기 위함이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.115-126
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and the degree of interappointment pain and post obturation pain associated with the pretreated clinical factors or conditions, and to examine the correlation between the success or failure and the pretreated clinical factors or conditions and postoperative pain. The author experienced the conventional root canal therapy in one hundred fifty-one teeth after recording the following clinical factors or conditions - sex, age, pulp vitality status, presence or absence of periapical rarefaction, single or multirooted teeth, pretreatment pain, and investigated the pain during and after treatment for seven days. After six months all the cases were re-evaluated through the clinical sign, symptom, and the recalled radiograph. The following results were obtained; 1. Of the 151 teeth (73.5%) had no interappointment pain, 31 teeth (20.5%) slight pain; and 9 teeth (6.0%) moderate to severe pain. 2. The presence of the pretreatment pain significantly increased the incidence and degree of interappointment, and there were no significant relationship between interappointment pain and other clinical factors or conditions. 3. Of the 151 teeth, 142 teeth (4.0%) experienced no post obturation pain, 3 teeth (2.0%) slight pain, 6 teeth (4.0%) moderate to severe pain. 4. There were no statistical correlation between postobturation pain and any of the clinical factor or conditions. 5. 141 teeth (3.4%) of 151 teeth were evaluated as success in this study, and success rate was decreased significantly in the cases of periapical rarefaction before treatment and postobturation pain. But there were no significant relationship between success or failure and other clinical factors or conditions.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.15.1-15.7
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• 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the efficiency of WaveOne Primary files (Dentsply Sirona) for removing root canal fillings with 2 types of movement: reciprocating (RCP) and continuous counterclockwise rotation (CCR). Materials and Methods: Twenty mandibular incisors were prepared with a RCP instrument (25.08) and filled using the Tagger hybrid obturation technique. The teeth were retreated with a WaveOne Primary file and randomly allocated to 2 experimental retreatment groups (n = 10) according to movement type: RCP and CCR. The root canals were emptied of filling material in the first 3 steps of insertion, until reaching the working length. The timing of retreatment and procedure errors were recorded for all samples. The specimens were scanned before and after the retreatment procedure with micro-computed tomography to calculate the percentage and volume (mm³) of the residual filling material. The results were statistically evaluated using paired and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 5%. Results: No significant difference was found in the timing of filling removal between the groups, with a mean of 322 seconds (RCP) and 327 seconds (CCR) (p < 0.05). There were 6 instrument fractures: 1 in a RCP motion file and 5 in continuous rotation files. The volumes of residual filling material were similar (9.94% for RCP and 15.94% for CCR; p > 0.05). Conclusions: The WaveOne Primary files used in retreatment performed similarly in both RCP and CCR movements. Neither movement type completely removed the obturation material, but the RCP movement provided greater safety.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 2014

The presence of radix entomolaris (RE) in a mandibular first molar is a common occurrence in certain ethnic groups, but the presence of RE in a mandibular second molar is a rare occurrence. In the present case, RE was identified from preoperative radiographs and confirmed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The access cavity was modified to locate the RE. Cleaning and shaping were performed with nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Obturation was completed with gutta-percha cones using AH Plus (Dentsply Detrey GmbH) as sealer. From the CBCT axial images, the RE was determined to have a Type III curvature by the De Moor classification, Type B separate RE by the Carlsen and Alexandersen classification, and radiographically, a Type i image by the Wang classification. The presence of RE in the mandibular second molar makes it essential to anticipate and treat the distolingual root canal. This case report highlights the usefulness of CBCT for assessing RE in the mandibular second molar, which can help the clinician in making a confirmatory diagnosis and assessing the morphology of the root canal.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.32.1-32.13
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• 2019

Calcium hydroxide (CH) is the gold-standard intracanal dressing for teeth subjected to traumatic avulsion. A common complication after the replantation of avulsed teeth is root resorption (RR). The current review was conducted to compare the effect of CH with that of other intracanal medications and filling materials on inflammatory RR and replacement RR (ankylosis) in replanted teeth. The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched through June 2018 using specific keywords related to the title of the present article. The materials that were compared to CH were in 2 categories: 1) mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and endodontic sealers as permanent filling materials for single-visit treatment, and 2) Ledermix, bisphosphonates, acetazolamide, indomethacin, gallium nitrate, and enamel matrix-derived protein (Emdogain) as intracanal medicaments for multiple-visit management of avulsed teeth prior to the final obturation. MTA can be used as a single-visit root filling material; however, there are limited data on its efficacy due to a lack of clinical trials. Ledermix and acetazolamide were comparable to CH in reducing RR. Emdogain seems to be an interesting material, but the data supporting its use as an intracanal medication remain very limited. The conclusions drawn in this study were limited by the insufficiency of clinical trials.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.622-631
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• 2002

To understand the recent characteristics of the papers published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry(JKACD), All the papers in the JKACD of 1992 to 2001 were analyzed. A total of 513 papers were classified according to its type, fold and subject of the study, school and the number of authors, references, and written language. The results were as follows ; 1 According to the type of the paper, 506(98.6%) were original articles, 3(0.6%) were review articles, and 4(0.8%) were case reports. 2. Anual proportion of papers in the fold of operative dentistry was similar to that of endodontics 3. In the field of operative dentistry, esthetic restorative materials and bonding to tooth constituted major subjects of the studies. In the field of endodotics, pulp biology was prominent and canal shaping, endodontic microbiology and canal obturation were steadily reported. 4. According to author's school, similar number of papers were published in the field of operative den tistry and endodontics in general. However, some schools showed preponderances. 5. Most studies were done by two or more authors. Studies published by two authors were most 6. Fifty(9.7%) papers were done in collaboration with workers of the other field. 7. Average number of references cited in the papers was 41.2, including domestic references of 1.8. 40.7% of the papers was shown to cite no domestic papers at all. 8. Twenty-eight(5.5%) papers were written in English, with increasing ratio.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.515-519
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• 2004

Straight access cavity design allows the operator to locate all canals, helps in proper cleaning and shaping, ultimately facilitates the obturation of the canal system. However, change in the fracture strength according to the access cavity designs was not clearly demonstrated yet. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of different access cavity designs on the fracture strength in endodontically treated mandibular anterior teeth. Recently extracted mandibular anterior teeth that have no caries, cervical abrasion, and fracture were divided into three groups (Group 1 : conventional lingual access cavity, Group 2 : straight access cavity, Group 3 : extended straight access cavity) according to the cavity designs. After conventional endodontic treatment, cavities were filled with resin core material. Compressive loads parallel to the long axis of the teeth were applied at a crosshead speed of 2mm/min until the fracture occurred. The fracture strength analyzed with ANOV A and the Scheffe test at the 95% confidence level. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean fracture strength decrease in following sequence Group 1 (4558.90{\;}\pm{\;}77.40{\;}N$), Group 2 ($494.07{\;}\pm{\;}123.98{\;}N) and Group 3 ($267.33{\;}\pm{\;}27.02{\;}N). 2. There was significant difference between Group 3 and other groups (P = 0.00). Considering advantage of direct access to apical third and results of this study, straight access cavity is recommended for access cavity form of the mandibular anterior teeth.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 첫째 임상에서 진료실에 노출된 가타파차 콘 표면의 오염 균종을 중합효소연쇄반응법 (polymerase chain reaction, PCR)을 이용해 동정하고, 둘째 이들 세균으로 오염시킨 가타파차 콘에 대해 2종의 소독제의 rapid sterilization 효과를 비교하였다. 또한 이들 소독제에 5분간 처리된 가타파차 콘 표면 성상의 변화를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 진료실에 수 개월간 노출된 가타파차 콘 100개를 수거하여 배양지에 넣어 배양 후 universial primer를 사용한 PCR assay 를 통해 오염 균종을 동정하였다. 실험실 상에서 이 균종을 다시 배양하여 소독된 가타파차 콘에 접종하고 1주일간 배양한 후 2종의 소독제(5% NaOCl, 2% Chlorhexidine)에 1, 3, 5, 10 분간 담근 후 각 소독제의 종류와 적용시간에 따른 멸균 효과를 turbidity test 와 subculture 를 이용하여 평가하였다. 또한 각 소독제에 5분간 처리된 가타파차 콘 표면 성상의 변화를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 중합효소연쇄반응법의 분석결과 17개의 가타 파차 콘이 오염된 것으로 나타났고 대부분이 Staphylococcus 계통이었으며, 2종의 소독제 모두 이들 균종에 대해 1분내에 멸균 효과를 나타냈다. 주사전자현미경상 NaOCl로 소독된 가타파차 콘 표면에는 cuboidal crystal 의 침전물이 전반적으로 관찰되었다. 본 연구 결과 2종의 소독제 모두 근관충전 전 가타파차 콘의 rapid sterilization 을 위해 유용하였으나 클로헥시딘으로 처리된 가타파차 콘이 크리스탈 침전물이 없는 좀더 깨끗한 표면을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.381-389
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• 2000

Lateral condensation with gutta-percha and sealer has been shown to provide an excellent apical seal; however, the lateral condensation technique has demonstrated less favorable apical leakage results in curved canals when compared with straight canals. Placement of endodontic spreaders to within 1 to 2mm of the root canal working length has been advocated for optimum gutta-percha obturation. Due to their stiffness, stainless-steel(SS) spreaders will often fail to achieve this position in curved canals. Newly marketed nickel-titanium(NT) spreaders may offer an advantage in this regard due to the increased flexibility of these instruments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of NT finger spreader on the sealing ability in lateral condensation technique, compared with conventional SS finger spreader. Twenty four standardized resin models simulating curved canals(30 degree) were randomly placed into 2 groups and instrumented to a #30 master apical file size with Ni-Ti Profile .04 taper series using step down technique. Each groups was obturated with standardized gutta-percha cone by standard lateral condensation technique using SS finger spreader, NT finger spreader. And then, each model was sectioned horizontally with microtome at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5mm levels from the apex. At each of 5 levels, ratio of the area of gutta-percha was obtained by calculating the area of gutta-percha to the total area of the canal. The data collected were then analyzed statistically using a t test for independent samples. The results as follows ; 1. The total mean ratio of area of gutta-percha was 89.20${\pm}$7.00(%) for SS spreader group. 92.20${\pm}$5.17(%) for NT spreader group. There was statistically significant difference between each group(p<0.05). 2. At 3mm level, the mean ratio of area of gutta-percha was 88.32${\pm}$5.41(%) for SS spreader group, 95.25${\pm}$2.60(%) for NT spreader group. There was statistically significant difference between each group(p<0.05). At 1,2,4mm levels, NT spreader group showed greater mean ratio of area of gutta-percha than SS spreader group, too. But there was no statistically significant difference. 3. At 5mm level, the mean ratio of area of gutta-percha was 91.83${\pm}$3.42(%) for SS spreader group, 87.91${\pm}$3.68(%) for NT spreader group. There was statistically significant difference between each group(p<0.05). This study concluded that the NT spreader demonstrated somewhat favorable apical sealing effect than SS spreader in prepared curved canals. The clinical use of NT spreaders may enhance our ability to create better apical seals in curved canals, but further studies in this area will help clarify some of the remaining areas with which practitioners are concerned, such as compaction forces exerted by NT spreaders.