• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2002

The chemical behavior and properties on the redox state of environmental pollutant has been investigated by electrochemical methods. We carried out to measure the variations in the redox reaction of differential pulse polarogram and cyclic voltammogram. The results observed the influences on redox potential and current of various factors with temperature and pH. These were established factors as the effect of the redox reaction. It can be clearly recognized that the electrode reaction are from qusi-reversible to irreversible processes. Also, it was mixing with reaction current controlled. The bits-phenol A in the waste water was made to compound with cobalt ion and it take away from the separation into compound. The $Co(BPA)_2$ compound was not found to be dissociation in waste water. However, this compound is avery unstable(K=1.02) and for a while, it was to be a dissociation. Therefore, we believed that it was likely to a toxic substance.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제10권S_3호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2001

The techniques of pulse and cyclic voltammetry were applied to the determination of (E$_{1}$2)$_2$-(E$_{1}$2)$_1$ for two-step electrochemical charge transfers. In addition, a simple amplitude was derived far the dependence of the differential pulse response on (E$_{l}$ 2/)$_1$ and (E$_{1}$2/)$_2$. and the use of peak to peak separation in cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse methods was evaluated. A comparison of the comproportionation constants(Ke) from differential pulse and cyclic voltammetry methods exhibited a good agreement within 5%.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2008

The ecotoxicological effects of 4-tert-octylphenol were observed on non-biting midge, Chironomus plumosus collected from Anyang stream in Seoul. The survival rate and adult emergence rate on C. plumosus exposed to octylphenol were not significantly affected. However, 4-tert-octylphenol induced developmental delay and disrupted sex ratio in high concentration of octylphenol. The mouth deformity such as tooth deletion or fusion in mentum, and tooth deletion in mandible were observed exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol. The deformity type of the mentum showed deletion (LT, 6.7%), and fusion (LT, 6.3%). Moreover, tooth deletion of mandible was observed in 4-tert-octylphenol treated groups (6.7%, 3 ppm).

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.138-138
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• 2003

Tributyltin (TBT) is also recognized as an endocrine disrupter. Organotin compounds such as TBT are widely used as agricultural biocides, and for antifouling paint of ship bottoms and of fishing nets. In this study, we investigated the role of nur 77 in induction of apoptosis in TBT-induced leydig cells.(omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.121.1-121.1
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• 2003

Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) is a herbal plant growing in China, Japan and Korea. According to the records of the Chinese medicine, this plant has been used as folk medicine for analgesics, beriberi, edema, hepatitis, icterus, etc. TCDD (2, 3, 7, 8 -tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), one of the notorious toxic environmental pollutants, damages various organs including liver and is regarded as an endocrine disrupter. After 7 days from TCDD (1$\mu$g/kg) injection, HCT (200 mg/kg) was administered into rats intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.208.2-208.2
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• 2003

TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), one of the notorious toxic environmental pollutants, damages various organs including liver and is regarded as an endocrine disrupter. To investigate the effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) on the biochemical parameters of function, liver and serum of TCDD-treated rats were used. After 7 days from TCDD (1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg) injection, HCT (200 mg/kg) was administered into rats intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. The lipidperoxide content was examined by measuring the level of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total lipid and triglyceride (TG) in serum, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue of rats. (omitted)

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2011

Nonylphenol (NP), which is well known as an endocrine disrupter, has been detected widely in untreated sewage or waste water streams. Given the necessity of discovering an eco-friendly method of degrading this toxic organic compound, this study was conducted to isolate NP-degrading microorganisms from the aqueous environment. NP-degrading microbes were isolated through NP-containing enrichment culture. Finally, a microbial consortium, SW-3, capable of degrading NP with high efficiency, was selected from the mixture sample. The microbial consortium SW-3 was able to degrade over 99% of 100 ppm NP in the culture medium for 40 days at $25^{\circ}C$. The microbial consortium SW-3 seemed to utilize NP as a carbon source, since NP was the sole carbon source in the culture medium. In order to isolate the NP-degrading bacterium, we further conducted single colony isolation using the microbial consortium SW-3. Four strains isolated from SW-3 exhibited lower NP-degradation efficiency than that of SW-3, suggesting that NP was degraded by the co-metabolism of the microbial consortium. We suggest that the microbial consortium obtained in this study would be useful in developing an eco-friendly bioremediation technology for NP degradation.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

DEHP는 대표적인 플라스틱 가소제 가운데 하나로서, 광범위하게 사용되고 있으며, 내분비계 장애물질로 분류퇴고 있다. 실제로 하천, 해양, 토양 등 광범위한 환경에서 검출되고 있지만, 이 물질이 수서 생물에 미치는 내분비교란 영향과 기작에 대해서는 거의 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 송사리로 불리우는 Oryzias latipes(Japanese medaka)와, 유생 시기에 저니성 무척추 동물로 존재하다가 성충이 되는 Chironomus riparius를 대상으로 DEHP가 내분비 장애물질로서 생식작용에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 먼저, Japanese medaka를 부화 직후부터 3개월간 DEHP 1, 10, 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l의 농도로 노출시킨 결과 암놈의 혈중 비텔로제닌의 감소 ,생식소 지수인 GSI(Gonado Somatic Index) 감소. 난자 발달 저해 등이 관찰되었다. 또한, C. riparius를 산란 직후부터 DEHP에 노출시킨 경우에는 성체 출현률, 암수 비율, 산란률에서는 용량-반응 관계를 가진 변화가 발견되지 않았으나, 산란된 알의 부화율은 DEHP에 노출된 경우 유의하게 감소하는 것이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과를 종합하여 볼 때. DEHP는 O. latpes와 C. riparius 모두 생식 작용에 영향을 미치며, 그 작용 기작은 일반적으로 발견되는 에스트로젠(estrogen) 활성이 아닌 암놈의 생식기관의 발달을 직, 간접적으로 저해함으로서 정상적인 알의 생성을 방해하는 이른바 항-에스트로젠 기작을 보이는 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구에서는 DEHP 위해성 평가를 위한 기본 자료로서, 생식작용 영향에 대한 새로운 자료를 제시하였다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

The persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminant, tributyltin chloride (TBT), induces not only imposex in gastropods but also the differentiation of adipocytes in vitro and increases adipose mass in vivo in vertebrates. TBT is a nanomolar affinity ligand for retinoid X receptor (RXR) in the rock shell(Thais clavigera) and for both the RXR and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor $\gamma(PPAR\gamma)$ in the amphibian (Xenopus laevis), mouse, and human. The molecular mechanisms underlying induction of imposex by TBT have not been clarified, though several hypotheses are proposed. TBT promotes adipogenesis in the murine 3T3-L1 cell model and perturbs key regulators of adipogenesis and lipogenic pathways in vivo primarily through activation of RXR and $PPAR\gamma$. Moreover, in utero exposure to TBT leads to strikingly elevated lipid accumulation in adipose depots, liver, and testis of neonate mice and results in increased adipose mass in adults. In X. laevis, ectopic adipocytes form in and around gonadal tissues following organotin, RXR or $PPAR\gamma$ ligand exposure. TBT represents the first example of an environmental endocrine disrupter that promotes adverse effects from gastropods to mammals.

• 생태와환경
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2008

Recent studies reveal that the endocrine disrupter nonylphenol can also influence the growth of planktonic organisms. To clarify the effect of nonylphenol on the whole planktonic community, we monitored planktonic abundances after addition of nonylphenol using small-scale microcosms in a laboratory. Nonylphenol was added at final concentrations of 1.25 and $2.5{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, close to the EC50 for the growth of the rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus. Chlorophyll $\alpha$ concentration increased significantly between 2 to 5 days after nonylphenol treatment compared to the control. The abundance of the predominant phytoplankton, Stephanodiscus hantzschii, followed the same pattern as chlorophyll a concentration. While there was no negative effect on the abundance of ciliates and rotifers, crustacean zooplankton abundance was higher in nonylphenol treatments. Although the relationship did not reach significance, the growth rate of rotifers tended to decline with increasing nonylphenol dosing. It is likely that the decreased rotifer grazing on S. hantzschii caused significant increase in their abundance. This study emphasizes the importance of considering indirect effects of environmental pollutants when predicting the response of biological community to toxicant exposure.