• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.30-39
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• 2010

This paper considers a problem of optimizing torch paths to cut stock plates nested with open contours. For each contour, one of the two ending points is to be selected as a starting point of cutting with the other being the exit point. A torch path is composed of a single depot and a series of starting and ending points of contours to be cut. The torch path optimization problem is shown to be formulated as an extended version of the standard travelling salesman problem. To solve the problem, a hybrid genetic algorithm with the local search of torch paths is proposed. The genetic algorithm is tested for hypothetical problems whose optimal solutions are known in advance due to the special structure of them. The computational results show that the algorithm generates very near optimal solutions for most cases of the test problems, which verifies the validity of the algorithms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 1996

In a large signal intersection, it is the most important to set phase sequences and phase intervals of traffic signal in order to improve the efficiency of the capacity as well as safety. These setting allows to select the best sequence of signal phase among several alternatives, and thus to rearrange the starting and ending points of the individual phase using an effective interphase periods (EIP). The EIP is a gap between previous and current traffic movements at a potential collision point in an intersection. Each of traffic movements has an equality for safety and efficiency at the balanced condition of EIP. This paper presents how to set optimally the phase sequences and intervals of traffic signal in an intersection using phase based approach. And in the second part, we applied the theory developed in the first part. In particular, a numerical example of phase base signal setting is presented using a matrix computation method in order to select the best sequence among several alternatives, and thus to rearrange the starting and ending points of the individual phase using the EIP. This method also allows to apply to optimum signal setting even in five-lag or staggered-type intersection.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.81-86
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• 2015

This paper suggests heuristic algorithm with linear time complexity to decide the normal and optimal point at minimum loss/maximum profit maximum shortest scheduling problem with additional loss cost and bonus profit cost. This algorithm computes only the earliest ending time for each node. Therefore, this algorithm can be get the critical path and project duration within O(n) time complexity and reduces the five steps of critical path method to one step. The proposed algorithm can be show the result more visually than linear programming and critical path method. For real experimental data, the proposed algorithm obtains the same solution as linear programming more quickly.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.27-32
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• 2006

We present an effective algorithm for automatic tracing of retinal vessel structure and vascular landmark extraction of bifurcations and ending points. In this paper we deal with vascular patterns from RGB images for personal identification. Vessel tracing algorithms are of interest in a variety of biometric and medical application such as personal identification, biometrics, and ophthalmic disorders like vessel change detection. However eye surface vasculature tracing in RGB images has many problems which are subject to improper illumination, glare, fade-out, shadow and artifacts arising from reflection, refraction, and dispersion. The proposed algorithm on vascular tracing employs multi-stage processing of ten-layers as followings: Image Acquisition, Image Enhancement by gray scale retinal image enhancement, reducing background artifact and illuminations and removing interlacing minute characteristics of vessels, Vascular Structure Extraction by connecting broken vessels, extracting vascular structure using eight directional information, and extracting retinal vascular structure, and Vascular Landmark Extraction by extracting bifurcations and ending points. The results of automatic retinal vessel extraction using jive different thresholds applied 34 eye images are presented. The results of vasculature tracing algorithm shows that the suggested algorithm can obtain not only robust and accurate vessel tracing but also vascular landmarks according to thresholds.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.11-17
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• 2018

This study reports on a production experiment designed to investigate how Korean speaking learners of English produce English forms ending in stops. In a repetition experiment, Korean participants listened to English nonce words ending in a stop and repeated what they heard. English speakers were recruited for the same task as a control group. The experimental result indicated that the transcriptions of the Korean productions by English native speakers showed vowel insertion in only 3% of productions although the pronunciation of English final stops showed that noise intervals after the closure of final stops were significantly longer for Korean speakers than for English speakers. This finding is inconsistent with the loanword data where 49% of words showed vowel insertion. It is also not compatible with the perceptual similarity approach, which predicts that because Korean speakers accurately perceive an English final stop as a final consonant, they will insert a vowel to make the English sound more similar to the Korean sound.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2021

Preliminary findings are reported from five experiments testing the perceived naturalness of word tokens whose vowel durations are altered. The stimuli were minimal pairs of English words ending in a voiced/voiceless plosive. Results show an asymmetric effect of shortening and lengthening of the vowel on the perceived naturalness of the word. Incremental shortening of vowel duration initially shows a stable degree of perceived naturalness but rapidly deteriorates beyond a certain point. On the contrary, only a small degree of lengthening of the vowel made the perceived naturalness of the word quickly decay, but there was a floor effect such that the perceived degree of naturalness does not lower beyond a certain level. Further, the tokens with the original vowel duration were not always scored higher than the stimuli with a small degree of shortening. Future studies should address the issue of speaking rate and the ratio between the vowel and the stop closure duration to better understand the phenomenon. The issue investigated here has implications on the role of prototypical exemplars in the perception of phonotactic naturalness.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.252-254
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• 2024

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

This paper aims to research the language changes in modern Korean and its effect to the language processing systems. In modern Korean. the syntactic constructions l like [Adnominal Ending + Bound Noun ( + Postposition)] are changing into the morphological constructions, and some of these constructions are reflected in the written language. For example. the syntactic construction [Ad nominal Ending + '-de (Bound N Noun)' (+ Postposition) ) co-exists with the mixed form '-neunde' and [Adnominal Ending + 'geot' (Bound Noun) + '-j' (Postposition)) does with ' neunge'. These constructions are used frequently in the spoken language. As like other verbal endings, these forms also participate in the construction of the complex sentence, and these forms have its own case function fused into themselves So, the analytic approach to these forms can make great effect on the automatic morphological analysis systems. automatic tagging systems. and the syntactic analysis systems. So. in the design phase of a language processing systems, the language change phenomena like these must be taken l into consideration.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.79-91
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• 2002

Four dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) technique was considered for 3 dimensional wind field in coastal area and a set of 3 numerical experiments including control experiments has been tested for the case of the synoptic weather pattern of the weak northerly geostrophic wind with the cloud amount of less than 5/10 in autumn. A three dimensional land and sea breeze model with the sea surface temperature (SST) of 290K was performed without nudging the observed wind field and surface temperature of AWS (Automatic Weather System) for the control experiment. The results of the control experiment showed that the horizontal temperature gradient across the coastline was weakly simulated so that the strength of the sea breeze in the model was much weaker than that of observed one. The experiment with only observed horizontal wind field showed that both the pattern of local change of wind direction and the times of starting and ending of the land-sea breeze were fairly well simulated. However, the horizontal wind speed and vertical motion in the convergence zone were weakly simulated. The experiment with nudgings of both the surface temperature and wind speed showed that both the pattern of local change of wind direction and the times of starting and ending of the land-sea breeze were fairly well simulated even though the ending time of the sea breeze was delayed due to oversimulated temperature gradient along the shoreline.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.6C
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• pp.505-511
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• 2005

Autonomic machines interacting with human should have capability to perceive the states of emotion and attitude through implicit messages for obtaining voluntary cooperation from their clients. Voice is the easiest and most natural way to exchange human messages. The automatic systems capable to understanding the states of emotion and attitude have utilized features based on pitch and energy of uttered sentences. Performance of the existing emotion recognition systems can be further improved withthe support of linguistic knowledge that specific tonal section in a sentence is related with the states of emotion and attitude. In this paper, we attempt to improve recognition rate of emotion by adopting such linguistic knowledge for Korean ending boundary tones into anautomatic system implemented using pitch-related features and multilayer perceptrons. From the results of an experiment over a Korean emotional speech database, the improvement of $4\%$ is confirmed.