• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2017

We evaluated industry growth and employment effects of every possible pairs of 22 manufacturing sectors and 16 regions (i.e, 352 region-sectors). We used annual data of manufacturing sectors from 2008 to 2014 for the evaluation. The evaluation comprises of two steps; We first find several region-sectors that outperform others with respect to the effects of industry growth and employment, which are measured by location quotient analysis, shift share method, employment to GDP ratio and employment elasticity. In addition, cross-efficiency analysis follows to classify region-sector pairs into two sub-categories : efficient region-sectors that deserve to hold the current level of investments and inefficient region-sectors where we should consider efficiency improvements. To examine the efficiency, R&D investment, employment size, and capital investment were used as input factors and production volume, added value, changes in employment size, changes in annual salary per capita were used as output factors. For region-sector pairs that have outstanding growth and employment effects but are inefficient, we employed a CCR DEA model and analyzed how much to adjust the values of input and output factors to improve the efficiency scores. The analysis results showed that inefficiency is mainly due to several factors such as R&D investment, changes in employment size and changes in annual salary per capita.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.55
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• pp.205-230
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• 2003

This article examines the continuity and change of Korean welfare regime during 1990s. Democracy, globalization and the financial crisis changed the landscape of Korean society as a whole and provided a catalyst for the change of the Korean welfare regime. In order to show how and what changed in Korean welfare regime, this study concentrates on the transformations of income maintenance programmes and social welfare services. The changed aspects are as follow: (1) The ratio of social expenditure to GDP has increased during 1990s and now stood at ten percent level. (2)Rather than backing up the company welfare, government strove to build and expand income maintenance devices for all citizens. (3) The poverty and inequality reduction effects of income maintenance programs are very weak in early 1990s, but they are gradually getting stronger impact on poverty and inequality. But, there are also continuance. (1) In spite of the relative development of income maintenance programs, social welfare services are still poorly designed as before. (2) The expenditure level of social welfare services shows sharp contrast to income maintenance programs and lagged behind the other OECD countries. (3) The expansion of social service sector employment are also not so salient. In 2002, social service employment is only at close to 2.5 per cent of the total employment. Accordingly, korean welfare regime is now characterized by a model which is to curb poverty and inequality by engaging in direct government provision of income maintenance programs, but refrain from expanding social service by relying on net welfare which encourage the provision of services within the family. A implication of our analysis is that the expansion of social welfare Korea saw after 1997 was not really an regime shift. According to the arguments of Peter Hall, first and second order changes in policy do not automatically lead to third order changes which imply regime shift. Policy changes which occurred during 1990s was not accompanied by a shift in policy paradigms. Family dependency in welfare is not yet changed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.123-137
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• 2016

In order to address the crisis of the regional employment structure caused by the recent restructuring of the shipbuilding industry, this study estimates the shipbuilding industry's Employment Linkage Effect(ELE) across regions and industries. Consequently, the study uses the hypothetical extraction method on the shipbuilding industry from the 2013 Regional Input-output Table. The analysis results are as follows. First, the shipbuilding industry's ELE across industries is estimated at its highest in wholesale and retail, followed by shipment, other manufacturing, project supporting service, machine and equipment manufacturing, and metal product manufacturing. These industries either have a high employment to GDP ratio or are directly related to the shipbuilding industry in terms of production activities. Second, the Southeastern Korea's ELE on South Jeolla Province is very low, and, accordingly, South Jeolla Province is isolated in the employment structure of the shipbuilding industry. Therefore, when the government establishes measures to tackle the crisis of employment caused by the shipbuilding industry's restructuring, it should prioritize identifying such regional employment structures, as demonstrated above, and incorporate them into the regional industry policy.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.169-193
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• 2013

This paper examines how a social investment approach can be applied in a comparative analysis of childcare arrangements. We compared changes in Sweden, France, Germany, the UK, Japan and Korea during the 2000s, focusing on four dimensions of social investment: activation, gender equality, quality of care, and the degree of state's intervention in the family. We considered leave systems and the number of children enrolled in formal care and education facilities as indicators for labour market activation. For gender equality, women's position in employment is considered with respect to labour market participation rates, proportion of permanent employment, and wage-sex ratio. Quality of care concerns child-to-staff ratio and care provided with government quality control. The state's intervention was measured as social spending on families as proportions of GDP and total social spending. Our analysis provides empirical evidence that Sweden and France are pioneers in this arena and that the UK, Germany, Korea, and Japan are path-shifters in their care paradigms, albeit to varying degrees. Is the social investment approach an adequate paradigm for care? In a normative sense, this approach has potential. However, the following issues remain unaddressed: gender equality should be achieved through an expansion in good-quality jobs, fathers should be encouraged to take on childcare duties, and families should have universal access to good-quality childcare services controlled by the government.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

This study analyzes the effects of aging workforce on human capital and the per capita gross regional domestic product, using regional panel statistics from 1995 to 2017. According to the results of the two-stage least-squares panel regression analysis reflecting the fixed effects by region, the aging of the labor force had no effect on the human capital employment ratio and per capita gross domestic product in the metropolitan cities, but reduced human capital and per capita gross domestic product in the provinces. The share of service businesses had a positive effect on human capital in metropolitan cities, but the effect was not significant in the provinces. Human capital significantly contributed to the increase in per capita gross regional domestic product in the metropolitan cities, but the physical capital stock significantly contributed to the increase in per capita gross regional domestic product in the provinces. The results of this study suggest that the human capital job policy and the per capita regional GDP growth policy due to the aging workforce may be different between metropolitan cities and provinces.