• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.396-405
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to reduce safety accidents among food employees in contracted foodservice management companies, and to help provide high-quality foodservice and assistance. For this, a survey on the different opinions of workplace safety and education by employment type and employee perceptions of environment and safety at foodservice operations was carried out. The analysis showed that among the workers many women were irregular employees. For average age, between 40 and 49 was the most frequent, and for work duration, under one year was highest. Both regular employees and irregular employees deemed "enough staff" as the most major factor for good foodservice. The regular employees and irregular employees thought "high indoor temperatures and poor ventilation in the kitchen area" and "bad work cooperation between employees" as the main problems of foodservice operations, respectively. For satisfaction with the efficiency of foodservice production system, irregular employees had higher satisfaction than regular employees. Both regular employees and irregular employees thought "the number of foodservice employees" as the foremost improvement for safety-accident prevention and work-stress improvements. Regular employees, more than irregular employees, thought improvements in foodservice production systems would have a large affect on safety-accident prevention and work-stress improvements of food workers. Both regular employees and irregular employees thought "foodservice employees' safety consciousness" was an important part of safety-accident prevention. Likewise, they responded that "lectures by the person in charge of safety education" was a good methods of safety education, and "once a month" was the best period for safety education. For the difference in perceptions of environment and safety in foodservice systems, regular employees had a higher perception of safety than irregular employees.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.23-75
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• 1995

A major change occuring in the workplace is the willingness of union leaders, managers, and workers to experiment with various work schedules and to work toward the improvement in the QWL(quality of work life). In this study, the writer measures the level of QWL, embodies components of QWL, testifies the difference of QWL according to the demographical traits, and develops some scales to measure QWL in merchant ships. To achieve objectives of the paper, 11 hypotheses were established and a questionnaire was used, 894 proper data was obtained from 2, 910 Korean seamen working in merchant ships. Results of analyses are as follows : 1) The components of QWL in merchant ships are job, employee satisfaction, wage, welfare, working condition, supervise, colleague relations, initiative, and organization management. 2) Seamen of merchant ships are satisfied with job, supervise, colleague relations, and organization management. They are dissatisfied employee satisfaction, wage, welfare, and working condition. 3) According to demographical traits, the number of the factors significant difference(P<0.05) among components of QWL are 9 for type of ships, 8 ages of seamen, 7 for married or single, nationality of ships, and education level respectively, 5 for seamen career, for 4 rank on board and trading route of ships respectively, 2 for whether union or not and whether union involvement or not respectively, and 1 for department on board. 4) Results which tested hypotheses are as follows : For the components of QWL, married men are more satisfactory than an unmarried men, officers are more dissatisfactory than ratings, old men are more satisfactory than young men, men in high education level are more dissatisfactory than men in low education level, those who are much careers as a seaman are more satisfactory than those who are little careers as a seaman. There are significant differences in the components of QWL according to nationality and type of ships. There are insignificant differences in the components of QWL according to the shipboard department, whether union is or not, whether union involvement is or not, and trading route of ships.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.50-62
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• 2016

The study was conducted to compare organizational innovation depending on the leadership type of middle managers in general hospital. Moreover, the study was also to prove whether employees'readiness causes any differences to the link between leadership and organizational innovation. The result is based on 769 sheets of survey paper answered by administrations and nurses working at general hospitals or the same level of hospitals located in the metropolitan area. The methods of analysis used are as follows: reliability analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Main results of the study can be summarized as below. First, by analyzing the influence of task-behavior leadership on organizational innovation, R squre on knowledge management which is organizational innovation factor was 12.5%, R squre on creativity was 9.1%, and R squre on innovation behavior was 10.3%. Regression model appeared to be statistically significant as well. Both task-behavior and relationship-behavior leadership have influence on organizational innovation and it is learned that relationship-behavior leadership has a bigger influence on all the organizational innovation factors. Second, moderating effect of the employee's readiness is examined in terms of the link between leadership and organizational innovation. As a result, the member's readiness had positive influence when it comes to the link between leadership and organizational innovation. Also, after verifying moderating effect of readiness (ability/willingness), this study shows that ability readiness has positive influence on the link between task-behavior(or relationship-behavior) leadership and creativity, and innovation behavior while willingness readiness positively influences the link between task-behavior(or relationship-behavior) leadership and creativity & innovation behavior. To summarize results of the study, this study shows that the members who possess high readiness also have high organizational innovation, which promises their positive role in a group.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.7589-7598
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 2007년부터 2011년의 보건복지부 질병관리본부 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 30세 이상 성인 근로자에서 성별에 따른 제 2형 당뇨병 유병률과 위험요인을 파악하는 것이다. SPSS 다변량 Survey logistic 분석결과, 남성이 여성보다 제 2형 당뇨병의 유병율이 유의하게 높았으나, 여성에서 육체노동을 하는 경우 남성보다 제 2형 당뇨병의 비차비가 유의하게 증가하였다. 또한 '남성', '50세 이상', '육체노동', '비만', '고혈압이 있는 경우', '고지혈증이 있는 경우'에서 제 2형 당뇨병이 발생할 위험이 증가하였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 규명된 위험 요인을 예방하고, 지속적으로 모니터링하여 제 2형 당뇨병 유병률을 조절하기 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2019

Background: Few studies have examined the effects of a forward rotating shift pattern on police employee performance and well-being. This study sought to compare sleep duration, cognitive performance, and vigilance at the start and end of each shift within a three-shift, forward rotating shift pattern, common in United Kingdom police forces. Methods: Twenty-three police employee participants were recruited from North Yorkshire Police (mean age, 43 years). The participants were all working the same, 10-day, forward rotating shift pattern. No other exclusion criteria were stipulated. Sleep data were gathered using both actigraphy and self-reported methods; cognitive performance and vigilance were assessed using a customized test battery, comprising five tests: motor praxis task, visual object learning task, NBACK, digital symbol substitution task, and psychomotor vigilance test. Statistical comparisons were conducted, taking into account the shift type, shift number, and the start and end of each shift worked. Results: Sleep duration was found to be significantly reduced after night shifts. Results showed a significant main effect of shift type in the visual object learning task and NBACK task and also a significant main effect of start/end in the digital symbol substitution task, along with a number of significant interactions. Conclusion: The results of the tests indicated that learning and practice effects may have an effect on results of some of the tests. However, it is also possible that due to the fast rotating nature of the shift pattern, participants did not adjust to any particular shift; hence, their performance in the cognitive and vigilance tests did not suffer significantly as a result of this particular shift pattern.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2023

As the demand for ready-to-eat foods continues to grow, concerns about the sodium in processed foods are also growing. In this study, a survey was conducted on the perception of low-sodium products and diffusion plans according to the type of employee (manufacturer, retailer, distributor). Of the 191 responses collected, 189 valid responses (98.9%) were analyzed. The results showed that the employees were aware of the health contribution of a low-sodium diet, labeling for low-sodium, and the promotion of low-sodium food to increase its consumption. Furthermore, retailers recognized the positive contribution of low-sodium products in terms of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) management. The use of sodium substitutes was preferred as the best way to reduce sodium in ready-to-eat foods. With regard to sodium reduction in ready-to-eat foods, we found that the technical factors involved were clustered by the type of business. Specifically, distributors showed a similar performance but had a lower perception of importance than retailers. Manufacturers had a lower perception of both importance and performance. In this study, we collected perceptions from employees who were working at food companies, which differed from previous research. We sought to examine the differences in the perception of sodium reduction and consumption of ready-to-eat foods across various types of employment. Furthermore, we provided specific approaches to reduce perception gaps and enhance understanding among employees.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.241-263
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• 2013

Time pressure and financial burden have been reported as the main constraints on leisure participation. The purpose of this study was to explore a typology of leisure constraints, investigate the characteristics of leisure constraint types, and analyze the differences in leisure participation by the types of leisure constraints for married employees. The data source for this research was the 2009 Time Use Survey conducted by the Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO). Married employees aged 20 to 59 years completed 13,476 time diaries (7,984 for male, 5,492 for female), which were analyzed using chi-square, cluster analysis, and ANOVA analysis. Leisure constraints were classified into five types in two categories, working time per week and personal income for both males and females respectively. The three types for both males and females were time-income constraints, income constraints, and general constraints, with an additional type for men, $time^+$-income constraints, and an additional type for women, time constraint. The most common type was general constraints, for both males and females. Each type was further differentiated by the following socio-economic variables: age, educational level, job type, and weekly day-off. The study found that participation in study, sports, and religious activities varied with the types of leisure constraints.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.137-150
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• 2018

최근 들어 기업윤리의 중요성이 국내와 국외에서 크게 대두되고 있음에도 불구하고, 국내외에서 이뤄지는 기업윤리의 연구와 교육은 매우 미흡하다. 국내 4년제 대학교에서 정식 과목으로 기업윤리를 개설해 가르치는 곳이 아직까지 매우 적으며, 기업윤리에 관한 연구 역시 부족하다. 대학교에서 정식 과목으로 기업윤리를 개설해 가르치더라도 사례를 중심으로 진행하는 단순한 토론형태의 수업에 머무르고 있고, 기업윤리에 관한 연구 또한 기업의 사회적 책임에 편중됨으로써 기업윤리에서 다루어야 할 많은 주제들을 외면하고 오로지 기업의 사회적 책임만을 집중적으로 탐구하는 흐름으로 이뤄지고 있다. 이와 같은 문제의식에서 출발한 본 논문은 질적 연구의 방법을 사용해 기업윤리에서 꼭 다루어야 할 5가지 주제인 직원의 권리, 직원의 책임, 환경에 대한 책임, 다양성과 차별, 그리고 다국적 기업과 세계화를 제시하였고, 각 주제와 관련된 최신문헌들을 고찰함으로써, 각 주제와 관련된 교육과 연구를 위한 방향들을 제시하였다. 구체적으로, 5가지 주제와 관련해서 학생들에게 반드시 교육이 이루어져야 할 내용을 논의하였고, 향후에 반드시 이뤄져야 할 연구의 방향들을 제시하였다. 즉, 본 논문은 기업윤리의 5가지 주제들을 제시하고 각 주제에 필요한 교육과 연구의 방향들을 제시하고 있다. 본 연구를 이론적 근거로 하여 향후 각 주제들에 대한 다양한 후속 연구들이 가능할 것이다.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제24권
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• pp.97-117
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• 2005

Internally Korean insurance market is that whole life products' growth are becoming slowdown that's why new insurance products have appeared on the market in consideration of consumer's needs recently. Externally domestic insurance market competitions has drifted from insurance industry to whole financial industry since bankasurance started. Life insurance companies should open up a new market to survive from severe competitions. Worksite marketing can be an alternative. An insurer make arrangements with an employer about an insurance terms which an insurer offers in Worksite marketing. Then eligible individuals enroll in the plans at their own discretion and pay 100 percent of the premium for coverage through payroll deductions. An employer doesn't need to pay extra money for additional benefit but can raise employee's loyalty and satisfaction of company through worksite marketing. An employee can be covered at discounted premium rate and less strict underwriting guidelines to an insurer compared to individual insurance. In developed countries specially U.S insurance market, Worksite marketing is getting very popular and growing rapidly due to the advantages. Worksite marketing has both individual insurance characters and group insurance characters. Individual insurance characters are that employees enroll in the plans at their own discretion and pay 100 percent of the premium for coverage. Group insurance characters are that actively at work and participation etc. An insurer have to reflect these two characters on Worksite marketing when an insurance company work out a plan for developing products and underwriting guidelines. When an insurer devise worksite products, one should consider participation level which means percentage of eligible employees participating. Participation is related to anti-selection. As we know underwriting is essential for every kind of insurance, especially underwriting plays major role in worksite marketing. We can see that in the below. Firstly, it has a function in calculation of premium rate. When calculate premium rate for worksite products underwriters have to estimate expected participation level and risk factors. So underwriters and acturies keep in close contact with each other. Secondly, underwriting methods are important. When an insurer underwrite worksite products, there are three kinds of underwriting methods. These are Simplified issue underwriting, Full underwriting and Guaranteed issue underwriting. Simplified issue underwriting typically requires no medical examination, but usually requires supplying satisfactory answers to one or several health and/or lifestyle questions. Full underwriting requires a complete medical history questionnaire that may further require an exam. Guaranteed issue underwriting means that coverage is issued without the employee having to provide evidence of insurability. When insurer set the GI limit are usually based on the type of industry, number of eligible employees, the average amount of coverage and participation level. In addition to insurer should have a clear definition of eligible employee on the insurance provision and application form. It will minimize possibility of trouble claims and anti-selection. An insurer also establish preexisting condition exclusion and special guidelines for late entrants. When an insurer introduce Worksite marketing to Korean insurance market, an insurer has to examine market research to analyze potential market and strategy of sales most of all. Also an insurer should review real situation of the U.S, England and Japanese market etc. There are a lot of new technologies about worksite marketing process that an insurer should learn. When an insurer consider many things which we explained it can be a real alternative.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.161-183
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• 2000

This empirical research examines the effects of organizational service-orientation on business performance such as employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction and financial performance comprehensively. The service-orientation has been considered very importantly for delivering excellent service quality and customer value in many existing studies. Also service type's arbitrating effects on the relationship between service-orientation factors and business performance are investigated in this research. The data were collected from employees in hospitals and fast-foods with the questionnaire. And the several statistical methods were used for analysing. Consequently we could find that the comprehensive service-orientation factors gave the significant effects on the business performance. And service type's arbitrating effects sere apparent. It was revealed that the customization of service package and the customers' influence on service process must be considered as the important variables which have the significant effects on business performance.