• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.101-123
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• 2012

Currently, Social Media, it has widely a renown keyword and its related social trends and businesses have been fastly applied into various contexts. Social media has become an important research area for scholars interested in online technologies and cyber space and their social impacts. Social media is not only including web-based services but also mobile-based application services that allow people to share various style information and knowledge through online connection. Social media users have tendency to common identity- and bond-attachment through interactions such as 'thumbs up', 'reply note', 'forwarding', which may have driven from various factors and may result in delivering information, sharing knowledge, and specific experiences et al. Even further, almost of all social media sites provide and connect unknown strangers depending on shared interests, political views, or enjoyable activities, and other stuffs incorporating the creation of contents, which provides benefits to users. As fast developing digital devices including smartphone, tablet PC, internet based blogging, and photo and video clips, scholars desperately have began to study regarding diverse issues connecting human beings' motivations and the behavioral results which may be articulated by the format of antecedents as well as consequences related to contents that people create via social media. Social media such as Facebook, Twitter, or Cyworld users are more and more getting close each other and build up their relationships by a different style. In this sense, people use social media as tools for maintain pre-existing network, creating new people socially, and at the same time, explicitly find some business opportunities using personal and unlimited public networks. In terms of theory in explaining this phenomenon, social capital is a concept that describes the benefits one receives from one's relationship with others. Thereby, social media use is closely related to the form and connected of people, which is a bridge that can be able to achieve informational benefits of a heterogeneous network of people and common identity- and bonding-attachment which emphasizes emotional benefits from community members or friend group. Social capital would be resources accumulated through the relationships among people, which can be considered as an investment in social relations with expected returns and may achieve benefits from the greater access to and use of resources embedded in social networks. Social media using for their social capital has vastly been adopted in a cyber world, however, there has been little explaining the phenomenon theoretically how people may take advantages or opportunities through interaction among people, why people may interactively give willingness to help or their answers. The individual consciously express themselves in an online space, so called, common identity- or bonding-attachments. Common-identity attachment is the focus of the weak ties, which are loose connections between individuals who may provide useful information or new perspectives for one another but typically not emotional support, whereas common-bonding attachment is explained that between individuals in tightly-knit, emotionally close relationship such as family and close friends. The common identify- and bonding-attachment are mainly studying on-offline setting, which individual convey an impression to others that are expressed to own interest to others. Thus, individuals expect to meet other people and are trying to behave self-presentation engaging in opposite partners accordingly. As developing social media, individuals are motivated to disclose self-disclosures of open and honest using diverse cues such as verbal and nonverbal and pictorial and video files to their friends as well as passing strangers. Social media context, common identity- and bond-attachment for self-presentation seems different compared with face-to-face context. In the realm of social media, social users look for self-impression by posting text messages, pictures, video files. Under the digital environments, people interact to work, shop, learn, entertain, and be played. Social media provides increasingly the kinds of intention and behavior in online. Typically, identity and bond social capital through self-presentation is the intentional and tangible component of identity. At social media, people try to engage in others via a desired impression, which can maintain through performing coherent and complementary communications including displaying signs, symbols, brands made of digital stuffs(information, interest, pictures, etc,). In marketing area, consumers traditionally show common-identity as they select clothes, hairstyles, automobiles, logos, and so on, to impress others in any given context in a shopping mall or opera. To examine these social capital and attachment, we combined a social capital theory with an attachment theory into our research model. Our research model focuses on the common identity- and bond-attachment how they are formulated through social capitals: cognitive capital, structural capital, relational capital, and individual characteristics. Thus, we examined that individual online kindness, self-rated expertise, and social relation influence to build common identity- and bond-attachment, and the attachment effects make an impact on both the willingness to help, however, common bond seems not to show directly impact on information sharing. As a result, we discover that the social capital and attachment theories are mainly applicable to the context of social media and usage in the individual networks. We collected sample data of 256 who are using social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and Cyworld and analyzed the suggested hypotheses through the Structural Equation Model by AMOS. This study analyzes the direct and indirect relationship between the social network service usage and outcomes. Antecedents of kindness, confidence of knowledge, social relations are significantly affected to the mediators common identity-and bond attachments, however, interestingly, network externality does not impact, which we assumed that a size of network was a negative because group members would not significantly contribute if the members do not intend to actively interact with each other. The mediating variables had a positive effect on toward willingness to help. Further, common identity attachment has stronger significant on shared information.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.11-22
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• 2014

Purpose - The domestic franchise industry has made significant contributions to industry such as investment, employment, and community economy development, facilitating growth potential. The franchise industry provides management knowhow transfer between parent companies and franchisees as per contracts addressing use of business signs, franchisees' independent position, franchisor support, and royalties to be paid to the franchisors. However, many franchisors lack management knowhow and provide insufficient support because of poor control of franchisees and not having a systematic approach to support. This results in dissatisfied franchisees and failure to establish long-term relationships. Few studies have examined relational commitment and/or re-contract intention by support resources between franchisors and franchisees, despite a considerable output of theories and studies of the growth of the franchise industry. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine the effects of the ability to provide resources on relational commitments and re-contract intention, and to suggest causal relationships and implications. Research design, data, and methodology - The subject was domestic franchisors registered with the Association of Franchise with more than 50 franchisees. Franchisees under contract for 2 years and considering re-contract of their franchise 2 years later were used. The subjects totaled 300 franchisees in Seoul. A questionnaire survey was used to investigate the subject of franchisees' concessions during the 10 days from November 21, 2013 to November 30, 2013. After excluding 16 surveys with poor answers, 284 responses were finally used. Four areas and 44 questions were used. A nominal scale was used for four common characteristics questions including gender, ages, educational background, and franchise managing time. Questions regarding ability, relational commitment, and re-contract intention made use of a Likert 5-point scale. Data coding and data cleaning were used. SPSS 18.0 was used as follows. First, frequency analysis was done to investigate demographic characteristics. Second, exploratory factor analysis was done to verify validity of testing tools, and Cronbach's α coefficient was used to verify reliability. Third, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were done. An exploratory factor analysis was done to verify validity of concepts. A correlation analysis was done to test relationships between the variables, and multiple regression analysis was done to verify franchisor's ability, franchisees' relational commitment, and re-contract intention. Results - The following were the outcomes. First, store operation management, finance operation management, and human resource management affected the calculated bond. Second, store operation management and finance operation management affected the emotional bond. Third, store operation management, finance operation management, human resource management, and marketing management affected the prescriptive bond. Fourth, calculated bond and prescriptive bond had an effect on re-contract intention. Conclusions - As stated above, in franchise management, parent companies' offer and instruction of core competence to their franchisees as an information resource could improve the relational bond by helping them grow together through the resource sharing. Consequently, core competence factors were promoting factors that could improve franchisees' re-contract intention for a long time.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.63-84
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• 2016

This study aimed to investigate the extent that users participated in Facebook of U.S. state archives and the types of user responses to posts on the Facebook. For the purpose, data created between August 1st and September 30th in 2016 were collected from Facebook continuously operated by 27 state archives. The extent of user participation was measured based on the number of user comments, the number of unique commenters, and the average number of comments per post. According to the measures, top 10 Facebook of state archives were selected. Out of these, Facebook of Ohio (1st), Florida (5th) and Arkansas (10th) state archives were chosen to collect 687 user comments and 132 posts. The analysis showed that comments regarding users' emotional opinion and judgement, adding explanations to a post, and sharing personal stories occupied a large portion. Interactions among users or between a user and an archivist were also identified. With regard to posts, those for sharing information/knowledge of records held in archives were identified as a high percentage. The study suggested that archives should collect and present historical information and related records connected to users' lives, examine methods for effective communication with users via social media and facilitate publicity and outreach services of archives based on shaping and maintaining online user community through social media.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.210-217
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• 2020

This paper analyzes the factors influencing the childbirth intention of married women with the goal of analyzing whether times of spouses' housework, marital satisfaction, values of children and traditional gender role, and social services related to the reduction of low fertility contribute to women's intention to give birth. The respondents of the research were 1,000 married women, and the research was conducted with 482 women of childbirth intention. The findings are as follows. Age of sociodemographic factors has an influence on the childbirth intention. Related to family's character, factors influencing childbirth intention are number of children, times of spouses' housework, and marital satisfaction. In addition, emotional and instrumental values of children, number of recognized public services for reduction of low fertility. In other words, the more women share housework with spouses and satisfy their marital life, the more childbirth intention of women is increased. In order to improve childbirth intention, changes of perception of gender role and sharing housework, reinforcement of social system for work and family compatibility that convert changes of perception into action, advanced marital relationship programs, extensive support for subfertility and a huge build-up of social services related to reduction of low fertility need to be provided.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.31-49
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• 2023

TikTok, as a leading short video platform, has attracted many users, and the resulting attention generates immense business value as a platform to diffuse knowledge. As a qualitative and explorative approach, this study reviews the knowledge payment industry and discusses the influential factors of users' payment decisions regarding knowledge products on TikTok. By conducting in-depth interviews with ten participants and observing 95 knowledge providers' videos, we find that TikTok has significant business potential in the knowledge payment industry. By using the ATLAS. ti software to code the data collected from these interviews, this study finds that demander characteristics (personal needs), product characteristics (product quality), provider characteristics (the key opinion leader effect), and platform characteristics (platform management) are the four core categories that influence users' payment decisions regarding knowledge products on TikTok. A theoretical model consisting of the ten variables of emotional needs, professional needs, quality, price, helpfulness, value, charisma, user trust, service guarantee, and scarcity is proposed based on the grounded theory. The theoretical and practical implications of the study findings are also discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.156-163
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• 2013

In the past, the enlargement of perception through media was 'information'. From now on, however, the primary objective of media is to consist not in conveying information but in sharing the values of 'emotion' and 'experience' that are perceived through information. Individual emotional becomes an issue due to the limitations of the ideology of modernism and the pervasiveness of the autonomous perception in the human thinking that started in postmodernism. If we once again talk about a function-focused, sensible approach for the sake of marketing in the current era that has impinged on the limits of mammonism, we must keep in mind that 'emotion,' presently retaken as the originary, human value and the value of new communication, may come to an end any time. Therefore, th current thesis is designed to examine John Dewey's 'transaction' as a method for figuring out the concept of emotion, the perceptional function latent in humans. Dewey's 'transaction,' which is a term that refers to the reciprocal relationships between humans and environment and the accompanying totality of perceptive process, interprets human emotion, user experience and environment as the organic, circular relationships. For such understanding, one must break out of the boundary of the past, dichotomous communication between the subject and the object to expand into the perceptional relations in a wider environment, in order to seek design methods that would help dismantle the borderline that has so far separated the developer from the user, share sensibilities, and express experiences.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.257-270
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• 1996

Studies on menstruation have focused only on menstruation itself and menstrual disorders. The menstruating girls or women have been neglected. So, the purpose of this study was to understand menstrual experience of adolescent girls in their perspective and build a theory on it, The specific purpose of this study were to find initial reaction of the girls, their strategies to adapt to menstruation. consequences of their efforts, influencing factor, and patterns of experience. The subjects of this study were eleven adolescent girls who experienced menarche three months to twenty-six months before the interview time. They were selected purposively. Their ages were in range of twelve and sixteen. One of them was a elementary school girl, three high school girls, and seven middle school girls. Two girls were handicapped because of cerebral palsy. All of them had some knowledge about menstrual physiology and hygiene during menstruation. Data were collected from September, 1994 to July, 1995. Data collection ＆ analysis were done according to the grounded theory methodology by Strauss ＆ Corbin(1990). Data collecting method was the long interviews and observation. Each interview took from 1 hour to 2 hours. Interview were tape-recorded and transcribed later by author. Data were analyzed immediately after interviews. Based on the results of previous interview, next interview were planned until gathered data reached the saturation point. Results were as follows. One hundred and six concepts were found. Those concepts were grouped into twenty eight categories and then fourteen higher categories. Twenty eight categories were as follows. “want to hide”, “bewildered”, “sense of burden”, “sense of heterogeneity”. “gladness”. “sense of superiority”, “negative empathy”, “positive empathy”, “limited hygenic control”, “sense of timing”, “lack of knowledge”, “lack of support”, “advance knowledge”, “informational support”, “emotional support”, “endurance”, “prayer”, “disclosing”, “avoidance”, “diversion”, “sense of powerlessness”, “discovery of sex identity”, “sense of maturation”, “sense of stability”, “acceptance of menstruation ”. fourteen higher categories were as follows. “negative feeling”, “posive feeling”, “exchange of feeling”, “limited hygenic control”, “sense of timing”, “accumulated experience”, “dysmenorrhea”, “level of knowledge”, “need for support”, “perceived support”, “sharing of feeling”, “self-control”, “passive acceptance”, “active acceptance”. The core category was “emotional shaking”, which consisted of “positive feeling” and “negative feeling”. “Emotional shaking”comes up to every adolescent girls experiencing menarche, independently of any contextual conditions, and its dimension has two directions : positive one and negative one. Its influencing factors were time of menarche, advance knowledge, support from the significant persons, expression and self-regulation. Even if they showed different process of adaptation to menstruation, general process of adaptation were as follows : 1. stage of emotional shaking 2. stage of acceptance 3. stage of internalization of the menstrual experience. Seven patterns existed on the process of adaptation to menstruation after menarche. Those are as follows. 1. If girls thought their menarche came too early and they had not much knowledge on menstruation, they had a kind of negative feeling. If they did not get enough support and dysmenorrhea superimposed, they came to accept menstruation passively. 2. If girls had menarche too early. they had negative feeling, even though they had enough advance knowledge. But support helped them accept menstruation easily. 3. If girls had menarche too early, they had negative feeling, even though they had enough advance knowledge on menstruation. But by experiencing subsequent menstruations and disclosing feeling, they began to accept menstruation. 4. If girls had menarche too lately and they had enough advance knowledge on menstruation. they had positive feeling. If dysmenorrhea superimposed later, their feeling turned in to negative one. But they came to accept menstruation positively by disclosing feeling and getting support. 5. If girls had menarche too early, they had negative feeling, even though they had enough advance knowledge on menstruation. In addition to this. if dysmenorrhes superimposed while they did not get enough support, they felt powerless and came to accept menstruation passively. 6. If girls had menarche too early and did not get enough advance knowledge, they had negative feeling. But disclosing feeling and support made them get sense of homogeneity and began to accept menstruation. 7. If girls had handicap, they had negative feeling, even though they had enough advance knowledge and menarche was late. But Menarche made them get feel sexual identity. Their limited hygenic control and negative empathy from their mothers made them accept menstruation passively. To let adolescent girls take their menstrual experience as a part of their lives forming a positive sense of feminine identity, it needs qualified teaching and, support and deep concern of the significant others. Nurses including school nurses should try to develop an educational program, which include menstrual physiology. hygiene during menstrual period, meaning of menstruation and impact of menstruation on the development of female sexual identity.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.245-250
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• 2008

Psychology of color is a research field of psychology for studying human's behavior connected with color. Color carries symbolism and image while sharing psychological consensus with human. Each color has a respective image such as hope, passion, love, life, death, and so on. Peculiar stimuli by colors on these images have great influence on human's emotion and psychology. We therefore proposed a method for understanding human's state of emotion based on colors in this paper. In order to understand human's state of emotion, we analyzed color information used to model a room by a user and then described frequencies of each color as percent using fuzzy inference rules by membership values of fuzzy membership functions for colors used for modeling the room. When we applied the proposed color-based emotion analysis method to emotional state based on colors of Alschuler and Hattwick, we could see the proposed method is efficient.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.433-447
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• 2003

Since self-efficacy was suggested by Bandura(1977) as the most important factor that affects human behavior, preceding studies about self-efficacy are frequently related with children, and it is a main stream that only personal factors are chosen as related factors of these studies. Considering we don't have enough studies about family factors that reflect qualitative and relational factors of adolescents' home background, this study was aimed to seize the actual condition of self-efficacy meaning perceived and emotional faith about their own ability. These are our major concerns: 1. What kind of tendency does self-efficacy and appearance stress of adolescents, family functioning show? 2. How strong are relative influences of variables on self-efficacy of adolescents? This study was operated on July and August, 2002, aimed 378 middle school and high school students in Jeon-Nam, Mokpo area. 378 question sheets were used for analysis. Followings are results of this study. First, aimed students' average mark of self-efficacy was 2.09, which meant a normal level. And in low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy was the highest, and confidence task difficulty preference was following. Furthermore, whole self-efficacy showed a little difference from the demographic factor of adolescents. In low-ranked part, however, confidence and self-efficacy showed a somewhat difference. As students grew up, confidence decreased, and male students showed higher self-control-efficacy than female ones. Second, appearance stress and family functioning degree had a strong relation with self-efficacy. Family functioning, had important interrelation not only with whole self-efficacy but also with low-ranked part of self-efficacy. In low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy and task difficulty preference were proportional to the family functioning degree. From these results, we can find that the appearance stress was an actual factor that affected the self-efficacy of adolescents, and their self-efficacy was strongly related with family functioning degree. Accordingly, affirmative emotion in family, harmonic communication among family members and sharing housekeeping works had an immediate influence on elevation of self-efficacy.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.221-234
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• 2013

Positive affect has beneficial consequences in various life domains including social relational aspect. This study proposes that 'joy,' a highly arousing positive social emotion, promotes emotionally supportive reactions during a social interaction. In Study 1, after controlling for confounding personality characteristics (e.g., extraversion, agreeableness, adult attachment) and cognitive variables (e.g., empathy, self-esteem), positive affect predicted the amount of emotional support and enthusiasm one showed to a person who was describing a positive experience. The arousal dimension of positive emotion appeared to be the key in creating this outcome. Study 2 found that people were most likely to react in supportive ways (e.g., more laughing, emotion sharing, and active-constructive responses) to other's conversation after viewing a joy-inducing (rather than pride, awe, calm) film clip. These results partly explain why happy people are socially popular and suggest that one of the central functions of "joy" is to promote social bonding with others.