• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2016

본 연구는 석유화학산업 시설에 MACT (Maximum Achievable Control Technology) 적용 시 벤젠 비산배출량 저감 효과를 분석 하였다. 국내에서는 2015년부터 대기환경보전법에 따라 벤젠 비산배출 저감 위한 규제를 시행하였으나, 미국 EPA에서는 이에 앞서 1995년부터 최대달성 가능한 통제기술인 MACT 기준을 적용하여 벤젠 비산 배출을 효과적으로 관리하고 있다. 본 연구를 위하여 벤젠 배출량 산정 방법론은 EPA Emission Factor AP-42 및 EPA MACT Standard Guideline를 활용하였다. 연구 결과 MACT 적용할 경우 Uncontrolled facility에 비하여 벤젠 배출량이 평균 98% 수준으로 저감 가능한 것으로 나타난 반면 National Regulation 경우 MACT 수준에 비하여 다소 낮은 평균 95% 수준의 저감율을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 MACT 기준 경우 벤젠 선박출하 시 유증기 회수설비(Vapor Recovery Unit, VRU) 등을 가동하여 배출 저감토록 요구하고 있음에도 불구하고 National regulation에서는 별도 규제 사항이 없는 실정이다. 추가적인 배출저감 달성을 위해서는 벤젠 선박출하 시 VRU 등 유증기 저감설비 도입의 법제화가 필요하다. 이러한 노력은 국내 석유화학산업의 벤젠 배출관리 능력을 Global 수준으로 향상시키는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of odors generated in traditional markets and to suggest appropriate application technologies to solve them. Research design, data and methodology: In order to achieve the purpose of this study, complex malodors, TVOC, and hydrogen sulfide were measured three times at each point in Wonju-city, Gangwon-do using direct-reading odor measuring equipment in Joong-ang Traditional Market's Korean beef Alley, Sundae Alley, and Joong-ang Citizens Traditional Market. Therefore, the average value was compared with the emission standard and analyzed. Results: As a result of the study, complex malodors exceeded the emission standards at all points, and hydrogen sulfide exceeded the emission standards at all except for one point. Conclusions: The odor generated in the traditional market has various causes and low concentration, so it is necessary to reduce the odor by using an appropriate technology.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2007

For the improvement of air quality in the metropolitan area, Korea has enforced the air pollutant emission cap regulation from the 1st of July, 2007, and the companies that intend to install a new or an enlarged facility in the metropolitan area will be restricted. However, the current regulation on permission does not describe a standard of judgement distinctly. In this study, therefore, a method of permission on the installation of a new or an enlarged facility was developed by supplementing the law in force based on the foreign cases. To develop a specific permit regulation and procedure, the developed nations' cases such as US, Canada, EU were reviewed thoroughly. Also, an appropriate method was suggested to apply domestically for a new or an enlarged facility permit within the regulations of the metropolitan special law. The method consists of first, calculating the possible permit quantity from the difference between an estimated annual emission cap and the annual emission provided by the implementation plan in each region. Second, permitting a new or an enlarged facility construction within the difference of the emission between the regional emission cap and the implementation plan in 2014. Third, distributing emissions allowable to each performance year based on the regional emission cap and the implementation plan in 2014. Fourth, making use of the emission difference between the implementation plan and the performance result in each year. Considering the general domestic conditions, the convenience of the permit authority and permitted companies, the most reasonable method was to use the fourth. To enforce the suggested permit method in a more flexible way, parts of the related regulations need to be revised and continuous research and analysis on the results from the implemented system and on foreign cases is necessary to develop this method a suitable system for domestic conditions and to settle the air pollutant emission cap system.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2010

환경부에서는 오염물질 다량 방출 건축자재의 효율적인 관리를 위해 "다중이용시설 등의 실내 공기질 관리법" 중 접착제의 시험방법과 방출관리기준을 동시에 개정하였다. 따라서 기존 관리수준과 개정 관리수준의 직접적인 비교가 불가능하다. 이 연구에서는 접착제의 개정된 시험방법의 각 요소들이 오염물질 방출강도에 미치는 영향들을 기존 시험방법과 비교하여 검토하였다. 이를 통하여 개정된 오염물질 방출관리기준을 평가하였다. 그 결과 접착제는 시험기간의 변경으로 인해 방출강도가 약 2.5배 약화되었고 건조시간의 변경에 따른 방출강도의 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 시험방법의 변경된 내용을 적용한 TVOC 방출 관리기준은 기존 방출 관리기준에 비해 약 2.1배 강화된 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, $CO_2$ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based $CO_2$ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target $CO_2$ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based $CO_2$ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.262-268
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, CO₂ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based CO₂ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target CO₂ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based CO₂ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of policies on water quality management based on the changes in pollutants and water quality in Special Water Preservation Area (SWPA) of Lake Paldang watershed from 1990 to 2016. The population, total sewage and flow rate of wastewater in SWPA continuously increased from 1990 to 2016, while the location of new facilities for industrial and livestock facilities has been restricted. However, unlike the buffer zone in which industrial and livestock facilities were continuously reduced after implementing of TMDL, it was found that the effect of land-use regulations on industrial and livestock facilities in SWPA were mitigated by the increase in the size of large facilities. Since 1999 when the emission standard of public sewage treatment plants (STP) was changed, the water quality of Lake Paldang has increased despite the increase of pollutant source. Since emission standard of STP changed in 2012 (BOD 5 mg/L, TP 0.2 mg/L), BOD concentration in Lake Paldang has also improved to the level of water quality in the early 1990s where as TP concentration has remained at its lowest since 1990. BOD and TP average discharge concentration of 43 STP (${\geq}500m^3/day$) in 2016 have been maintained $1.7{\pm}0.7mg/L$ and $0.06{\pm}0.02mg/L$ respectively. While the discharged load of STP in SWPA was decreased by the concentration management, the contribution rate to the total discharged load of non-point pollutants increased to 70 % in 2015, and the contribution rate to the point discharged load of individual treatment facilities increased to 80 %.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2022

This study investigates the impact of ownership structures and audit quality on carbon emission disclosure. It also examines how audit quality affects the relationship between ownership structures and carbon emission disclosure. This research includes 106 standalone sustainability reports from non-financial companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2015 and 2018. Our findings show that family and concentrated ownerships convey less information about carbon emissions. Our results fail to demonstrate that disclosure of carbon emissions could be a corporation's approach to respond to stakeholder pressure and public visibility and to provide legitimacy for its existence. We also find a positive and significant association between high-quality (Big4) auditors and carbon emission performance. Our further result suggests that Big4 auditors seem to compromise their high standard quality on auditing family and concentrated ownership firms. They fail to influence their family and concentrated ownership clients to be socially responsible. Policymakers should support the existence of Big4 auditors as a driver of carbon emission performance. Top management should be proactive to tackle carbon emission issues by adopting stakeholder-driven mechanisms and establishing legitimacy with society. Nevertheless, the involvement of family and highly concentrated shareholders in decision-making processes and information disclosure should not be encouraged.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.482-493
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 기존 탄소배출 모니터터링시스템에 대한 분석을 바탕으로 각 가정의 에너지원별 사용량을 원격으로 자동 검침하여 그 데이터 처리/분석 결과를 사용자와 정책결정자에게 제공 할 수 있는 탄소배출 모니터링시스템(CEMS)을 설계 제안하였다. CEMS는 기존의 탄소배출 모니터링 장치들이나 통합 시스템에 사용자에 대한 피드백과 정책수립 자료 구축을 위한 통계처리 기능을 포함하였다. 시스템은 EA 분석을 통하여 탄소 배출량 측정, 가구당 배출량 관리, 마일리지 기준관리, 탄소 배출원 분석 등 6개의 영역으로 구성되었으며, 사용자의 인식과 정책자료 수립기능이 강화된 UI를 설계하였다. 지자체 행정정보시스템과 연계하여 각 기관의 DB 및 Open API를 공유 연동할 수 있으며, 개별 가구의 가구원수 및 주택특성에 따라 달라지는 에너지소비 패턴과 이를 통한 탄소배출량과의 연관성 분석을 가능하게 함으로써 향후 환경정책 수립을 위한 기초자료로 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 LCA 모델을 이용하여 8개 초등학교 건축물의 생애주기 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량을 평가 분석하였다. 이를 위하여, 자재생산, 자재운송, 시공, 운영, 해체 폐기단계를 포함하는 건축물 생애주기에서의 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량을 평가할 수 있는 LCA 기반의 평가모델을 정의하고, 모델을 이용하여 사례 건축물을 평가하였다. 40년의 운영기간을 가정하여 평가한 결과, 내재에너지(즉, 자재생산, 자재운송, 시공단계 에너지사용량의 합), 운영에너지, 해체 폐기에너지는 평균적으로 2,279, 11,182, 228 Mcal/m2로 산출되었다. 각 단계별 평균 이산화탄소 배출량은 604, 2,708, 60 kg-CO2/m2로 산출되었다. 평가결과는 생애주기 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량의 약 17%가 자재생산, 자재운송, 시공단계에서 발생한다는 사실을 보여준다. 따라서 건축물의 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량 감축 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 내재에너지 및 이산화탄소 배출량이 반드시 고려되어야 할 것이다. 게다가, 운영에너지는 지역에 따라 확연하게 구분되는 반면, 내재에너지는 지역에 따른 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 운영단계의 에너지 사용량 편차를 줄이기 위해서는 지역에 따라 보다 상세하게 구분된 단열 기준이 제시되어야 할 것이다.