• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2014

The uncertainty assessment is important to improve the reliability of emission inventory data. The DARS (Data Attribute Rating System) have recommended as the uncertainty assessment technic of emission inventory by U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EIIP (Emission Inventory Improvement Program). The DARS score is based on the perceived quality of the emission factor and activity data. Scores are assigned to four attributes; measurement/method, source specificity, spatial congruity and temporal congruity. The resulting emission factor and activity rate scores are combined to arrive at an overall confidence rating for the inventory. So DARS is believed to be a useful tool and may provide more information about inventories than the usual qualitative grading procedures (e.g. A through E). In this study, the uncertainty assessment for 2009 CAPSS (Clean Air Policy Support System) emission inventory is conducted by DARS. According to the result of this uncertainty assessment, the uncertainty for fugitive dust emission data is higher than other sources, the uncertainty of emission factor for surface coating is the highest value, and the uncertainty of activity data for motor cycle is the highest value. Also it is analysed that the improvement of uncertainty for activity data is as much important as the improvement for emission factor to upgrade the reliability of CAPSS emission inventory.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2019

Ammonia is main precursor gas of secondary particulate matter and contributes almost 78% of total ammonia emission from the agricultural sector in Korea. The current method of estimating ammonia emission from fertilizer application, which contributes 7% of the total emission, has high uncertainty and needs to be improved to better predict PM2.5 concentration. In this study, we suggest an improvement method for ammonia emission quantification from fertilizer application. The first improvement was in the emission factor of NPK fertilizer by conducting a field study to verify the currently used factor. The improved NPK emission factor of 52.2 kg NH ton-1N was confirmed by comparing with the value from the EEA (European Environment Agency) and adjusting the value for the Korean climate and soil conditions. We also improved the amount of fertilizer usage by including the sales amount to the fertilizer supply amount of the Korean Farmers Association, increasing total fertilizer usage by 39.8%. As the statistical data on fertilizer supply and sales are compiled yearly, we estimated monthly emission of ammonia by considering cultivated areas and timing of fertilization for each crop. In summary, we suggest a novel and practical method to improve estimation methodology of ammonia emission from the field of fertilizer application: 1) emission factor of NPK fertilizer was reconfirmed; 2) total amount of fertilizer use was revised considering fertilizer sales; and 3) monthly emission of ammonia was realized by considering different crop practices. A bottom-up approach to compile activity data is needed to increase the estimation accuracy of monthly emission of ammonia, which is very helpful for predicting PM2.5 concentration.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2016

Korean Emission Trading Scheme entered into force on 1 January 2015. As other Emission Trading Systems, Korean Emission Trading System also have some deficiencies to be complemented and improved. Thus, the issues that are related to legal characteristics of emission allowance and its status as a financial instrument, terminology, requisites for the designation of the business entities eligible for allocation, banking and borrowing, and the non-permanence problems in the forestry offset mechanism are reviewed and the directions of the improvement are presented. The review of the Korean Emission Trading Scheme and its relevant act and the presidential decree at its early stage may be helpful for the Korean ETS to be firmly settled and to operate properly.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.20-23
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• 2009

The efficacy improvement issues in a unit discharge cell have been approached from the structural considerations. The tested cell designs include (a) a coplanar type with annular auxiliary electrode buried in barrier ribs, (b) a coplanar type with split auxiliary electrodes also burred in barrier ribs and (c) a coaxial type with a floating electrode stacked on the base electrode. From spatiotemporally resolved optical images of near-IR emission taken by a gated-ICCD camera and relative VUV emission intensity estimated by laser absorption spectroscopy, the differences in the discharge and light emission performances of those three cell types have been compared and discussed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.378-384
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• 2019

식품 폐수 처리 설비중 폐수처리장 폭기조 송풍 설비 개선을 통한 수질개선 효과 및 전기사용량 변화에 따른 온실가스 발생량을 평가 하였으며, 식품 폐수처리장에서 발생되는 슬러지를 탈수, 보관, 이송하는 설비의 효율적인 개선을 통한 전기사용량 개선전과 개선후 변화에 따른 온실가스 발생량도 함께 평가하였다. 폐수처리장 설비 개선에 따른 온실가스 배출량 평가는 폐수처리 공정으로 부터의 직접배출과 전력사용으로부터의 간접배출량으로 구분 된다. 폐수처리장 수질 개선 효과는 BOD 제거율이 63.3%, COD 제거율 42.0%, SS 제거율 71.0%, T-N제거율이 39.6%로 나타났으며, 폐수처리에 의한 온실가스 직접배출량(Scope 1)과 전력소비량 변화에 대한 온실가스 간접배출량(Scope 2)을 적용하여 온실가스 배출량을 산정한 결과 설비 개선전 3,668.8tCO2eq./yr 에서 설비 개선후 3,392.8tCO2eq./yr 으로 감소 하여 총 276.0tCO2eq./yr (8.0%)의 온실가스 감축 효과가 있는 것으로 평가 되었다. 이상의 결과는 배출원의 수질 개선 효과로 인한 것이 아니라 전기사용량 감소로 인해 온실가스 배출량이 감소하였기 때문이다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.376-379
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• 2013

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized using catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Oxygen plasma treatment was applied to modify surface state of the CNTs synthesized for improvement of field emission performance. Surface state of the plasma treated CNTs was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface states of the CNTs were changed as a function of plasma treatment time. The oxygen related carbon shift was moved toward higher binding energy with the plasma treatment time. This result implies that the oxygen plasma treatment changes the surface state effectively. While any shift in carbon 1s peak was not detected for the as grown CNTs, oxygen related carbon shift was detected for the plasma treated CNTs. Carbon shift implies that closed CNT tips were opened by the oxygen plasma and reacted with oxygen species. Since the field emission occurs at pentagons or dangling bonds of the CNT tips, the increase of carbon-oxygen bonds plays an important role in field emission behavior by increasing the number of electron emission sites resulting in improvement of the field emission performance.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.342-355
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• 2018

Emission inventory (EI) is often recognized as a foundational pillar for air quality planning. In this manuscript, we reviewed national emission inventory (NEI) development processes in United States(US) and made recommendations for South Korean emission inventory development for the future. First, we examined history of emission inventory development in US while focusing on what has been success and failure. We noticed that, in general, emission reductions led to air pollution abatement although efficacy of same degree of reduction may not result in similar air quality improvement. Second, we described conventional approaches of developing NEI and differences between NEI and EI for State Implementation Plan which is required for air quality management in US. Last, we analyzed how US Environmental Protection Agency and counterpart agencies in states came up with a new plan for the next major regulatory modeling project. Based on our analysis, we conclude that early and steady participation of local governments will lead to effective and efficient emission inventory development and, in turn, will result in successful air quality planning that is necessary for actual air quality improvement.

• 에너지공학
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.272-279
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• 2012

정부의 온실가스 감축목표에 따라 건축물 부분은 26.9%가 할당 되었다. 신규 및 기존 주택에 대해 저에너지 지속 가능한 건축물의 변화는 과제이자 필수 불가결한 문제로 대두 되었다. 신축 건축물은 각종 제도와 규제완화로 저탄소 지속가능한 에너지 변환을 유도하고 있으나 기존건축물 670만동에 대해서는 전체 감축 목표는 나와 있는데 감축방안에 대한 기준이나 방향 제시가 부족한 것이 현실이다. 본 연구는 선정 대상 건축물을 직접 방문하여 현황을 조사하고 적용 기술요소를 반복 시뮬레이션 하여 가장 경제적이고 효과적인 녹색기술 개선책을 제시 하고자 한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.259-266
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• 1998

In the SI engine, the improvement of combustion stability is important not only for the fuel consumption rate but also for the emission control at idling of engine. Thus the engine speed fluctuation at idle operation mainly comes from cyclic variation of combustion in the SI engine. In this syudy, the improvement of combustion stability for the SI engine at idle condition by the cooling water temperature, duty ratio of ISC, spark ignition timing as well as the reducement of the harmful exhaust gas emission was discussed.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2014

The emission standard of diesel engine on the construction equipment has been rapidly enhanced in advanced countries, because most of air pollutions was caused by construction equipment. So, all of the construction equipments will be tested for emission with standard measurement mode. But, the standard measurement mode of construction equipment is different for non-road and one for the road in korea. This study was conducted to measure emission characteristics of the construction equipment with changed standard measurement mode and to improvement the emissions experimentally.