• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.39-47
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• 2012

In this paper, we have developed the system of emergency vehicle preemption signal control based on UTIS(Urban Traffic Information System) which have been deployed and operated in the national capital area. It considered the turning direction(through or left turn) of emergency vehicle at the signalized intersection in order to provide the consecutive progression of emergency vehicle and minimize the control delay of passenger cars. we adopted several EVP control modes such as phase insertion and phase adjustment mode. Also, we evaluated the possibility of field implementation via simulation analysis using CORSIM RTE(Run Time Extension) based HILS(Hardware In the Loop Simulation). We expect that the result of this research contribute to providing the right-of-way to emergency vehicle in this country.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.37-46
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• 2022

Purpose: TThe experiment was designed to compare the efficiency of ventilation between conventional BVM ventilation and a newly devised A-BVM ventilation method with Tidal volume, total ventilation rate, average Ventilation speed, and average Ventilation volume. Methods: 40 Paramedical students who agreed to participate in the study were analyzed. Values were measured using IMB PASS after 2 minutes of Brayden Pro manikin with BVM and A-BVM ventilation. The difference in general characteristics was assessed by t-test and ANOVA and the difference in ventilation methods was analyzed by IBM SPSS. Results: A significant difference was found between the two ventilation methods in terms of tidal volume (t=-11.203, p<.001), ventilation time (t=-3.834, p<.001), and optimum ventilation probability (t=10.770, p<.001). A-BVM ventilation method, rather than BVM ventilation method, showed a value close to the appropriate amount recommended by Korean Advanced Life Support (500~600mL) in tidal volume, and higher in optimum ventilation probability. Conclusion: We could identify the a better mode of ventilation. Further studies on the efficacy of existing BVM ventilation methods as compared to device augmented BVM ventilation methods should be carried out to ensure that adequate ventilation is available to patients in clinical practice.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.437-443
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• 1998

Automobile company tries to reduce the inertia of powertrain to increase the fuel efficiency and increase the engine power every year to make the high speed driving possible at full load condition. These cause the torsional vibration of powertrain. But the demand about ride comfort improvement is increased constantly, so torsional vibration of powertrain become an emergency problem to be cured. This study is a basic research to reduce the torsional vibration of powertrain at driving condition. First, the heavy duty powertrain is characterized as a vibrating system. Its natural frequencies and mode shapes are reviewed. Second, by comparison of simulation results and experiment results, validity of developed model is verified. Finally, the couterplan which can reduce the torsional vibration by mode analysis and parameter modification is suggested.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.72-78
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• 2013

The turbulent flow behavior of air supply and exhaustion in the Shin-gum-ho subway station is analyzed for ordinary and emergency state. The depth of Shin-gum-ho station is 43.6m which consists of the island-type platform(8th floor in underground) and a two-story lobby (first & second floor in underground). An emergency stairway connects between the platform and the lobby. Ventilation operation mode for ordinary state is set up as a combination of air supply and exhaustion in the lobby and platform, while for emergency state it is set up as a full air supply in the lobby and a full exhaustion in the platform. The entire station is covered for simulation. The ventilation diffusers are modeled as 95 square shapes of $0.6m{\times}0.6m$ in the lobby and as 222 square shapes of $0.6m{\times}0.6m$ and 4 rectangular shapes of $1.2m{\times}0.8m$ in the platform. The total of 7.5million grids are generated and whole domain is divided to 22 blocks for MPI efficiency of calculation. Large eddy simulation(LES) is applied to solve the momentum equation and Smagorinsky model($C_s$=0.2) is used as SGS(subgrid scale) model. The time-averaged velocity fields are compared to experimental data and show a good agreement with it.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2017

In this paper, a simulator hardware and control design for an electronic parking brake (EPB) are proposed for emergency vehicle braking when the hydraulic break and anti-lock brake systems (ABS) fail to function. EPB systems are designed specifically for park braking and are usually installed on the rear wheels. However, in an emergency situation when all vehicle brake systems fail, the EPB can be utilized to stop the vehicle and track the target slip ratio as the ABS. This paper analyzed the non-linear EBP of the type of motor on caliper (MoC) based on experiments. A simulator hardware is also designed to validate the performance of the designed EPB controller in terms of braking distance and performance in tracking the target slip ratio. Through the experimental analysis, it is confirmed that a sliding mode controller can be applied on a non-linear EPB to track the target slip ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.118-122
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• 2010

In order to provide the necessary operation flexibility during the Nuclear power operation, the extension of existing allowed outage time(AOT) is needed. The extension of AOT affects the Nuclear power plant safety. The validity of changed technical specification requirements should be proved by the safety assessments. In this paper, we evaluated the extension of emergency diesel generator AOT for a single inoperable emergency diesel generator(EDG) from 3days to 7days, 10days and 14days. Finally, the AOT extension contributes the NPP performances through decreasing the unexpected plant trips, reinforcing maintenance and avoiding risks due to unnecessary operation mode changes when the NPP is under the surveillance tests or maintenance.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.123-138
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• 2013

The surge of cross border trade and transactions has seen international arbitration fast emerging as the preferred mode of dispute resolution. This phenomenon is especially remarkable in the Asian region. The Singapore International Arbitration Centre ("SIAC") aspires to contribute to this growth as one of the leading arbitral institutions. The objective of this article is to provide an insight into the key features of SIAC Rules. This article has been divided into two parts; the first part discusses how the SIAC Rules are helpful in building bridges in international arbitration between the common law and civil law systems. We have attempted to throw light on how the SIAC Rules may be tailored by the parties to bring about a harmonization in the common law and civil law practices in the conduct of the arbitration proceedings. In the second part of the article, we discuss the two most popular procedures introduced in the SIAC Rules in 2010 i.e. 'Emergency Arbitration' and 'Expedited procedures'. The emergency arbitration provisions enable a party to obtain order(s)/award for urgent interim relief(s) upon commencement of arbitral proceedings but pending the constitution of the main Tribunal. The expedited Procedure provisions give parties the option of having their disputes determined in six (6) months from the date of the constitution of the tribunal.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2013

This paper presents a development of the Advanced Emergency Braking (AEB) Algorithm for passenger vehicles. The AEB is the system to slow the vehicle and mitigate the severity of an impact when a rear end collision probability is increased. To mitigate a rear end collision, the AEB comprises of a millimeter wave radar sensor, CCD camera and vehicle parameters of which are processed to judge the likelihood of a collision occurring. The main controller of the AEB algorithm is composed of the two control stage: upper and lower level controller. By using the collected obstacle information, the upper level controller of the main controller decides the control mode based not only on parametric division, but also on physical collision capability. The lower level controller determines warning level and braking level to maintain the longitudinal safety. To decide the braking level, Last Ponit To Brake and Steer (LPTB/LPTS) are compared with current driving statues. To demonstrate the control performance of the proposed AEBS algorithm's, closed-loop simulation of the AEBS was conducted by using the Matlab simlink and CarSim software.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2014

Exhaust heat recovery ventilation systems conserve energy through enthalpy recovery between air intake and exhaust, and they are being increasingly used. An exhaust heat recovery ventilation system can be installed in the ceiling of a balcony or emergency evacuation space. However, in the case of fire, the emergency evacuation space has to by law remain as empty space, and therefore, a ventilation system can't be installed in an emergency evacuation space. Therefore, the need for a proper installation space for a ventilation system is emphasized. In this study, to install a heat recovery ventilation system in a lightweight wall, a heat exchanger was assembled of thickness below 140 mm. The efficiency of heat recovery was analyzed through performance experiment, in the case of the cooling and heating mode. The heat recovery efficiency increases when the surface area is increased, by using closer channel spacing in the heat exchanger, or by increasing the size of the heat exchanger.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.28-34
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• 2021

Among the currently available types of fuel, LNG emits a relatively small amount of nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide when it burns in the engine. However, since LNG is a flammable material, leakage during bunkering can lead to accidents, such as fires. Therefore, it is necessary to install a remote operation emergency shut-down (ESD) valve to block the flow and leakage of LNG in an emergency situation that occurs during bunkering. The ESD valve uses a hydraulic driving device consisting of a hydraulic control valve and a hydraulic motor to control globe valve disc displacement, which regulates the flow path for LNG transfer. At this time, there are various nonlinearities in hydraulic driving devices; hence, it is necessary to design a controller with robust control performance against these uncertainties. In this study, modeling of the ESD valve was carried out, and a sliding mode controller to control the displacement of the globe valve disc was designed. As a result, it was confirmed that the designed control performance could be achieved by overcoming nonlinearity characteristics using the designed controller.