• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 2000

The real Emergency Medical Service (EMS) was introduced into Korea in the 1990s, but the role of the EMT in hospital has not been establish. This report is based on our experience for the purpose of introducing the role of the EMT in hospital. 1) EMT assisted a doctor in emergency department. 2) EMT served as a member of CPCR team in hospital during last 3 years. The survival rate of CPCR in hospital was higher than other result in Korea. 3) EMT performed his duties as a keeper of hemodynamically unstable or severely injured patients very well. 4) EMT transferred patients with safety. 5) EMT ran with rapid triage. We think that EMT will play an important role in hospital from now on.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary data analysis study was to compare what factors influenced individual's satisfaction with emergency medical services (EMS). Methods: Data were obtained from the Korea Health Panel Survey 2013 with 20,641 participants. A total sample of emergency room (ER) users (n=1,709) aged 20 and over were selected and divided into two age groups, one for 1,046 adults and the other for 663 elderly. Participants' responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test and logistic regression. Results: Among adults and elderly who were transferred to other hospitals instead of being admitted or returned to their homes reported less satisfaction (${\chi}^2=10.18$, p=.006). Further, the adults who perceived their arrival to the ER as not delayed (${\chi}^2=3.74$, p=.049) or visited the ER for treatment for illness (${\chi}^2=5.32$, p=.021) reported more satisfaction than those who perceived their ER service being delayed or visited the ER for accident or poisoning. The elderly who visited ER by non-ambulance reported higher satisfaction than those who arrived by ambulance (${\chi}^2=14.15$, p<.001). Conclusion: In both adults and the elderly, satisfaction of EMS can be increased by avoiding transferring patients to other hospital. For adults to be satisfied with EMS, efficient and rapid EMS might be needed to avoid delay in ER arrival, especially for adults with accidents or poisoning.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.7-24
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• 2020

Purpose: Emergency medical service (EMS) personnel are at high risk of spreading infection. In this study, we used the PRECEDE model to identify the knowledge, status, and barriers to infection control among Korean paramedics to provide basic infection control data. Methods: A total of 164 respondents were analyzed for the study. A questionnaire was administered and collected through an online self-response platform. Descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine infection control practices and associated factors using SAS 9.4. To identify the pathways and direct, indirect, total effects based on the PRECEDE model, we used AMOS 26.0. Results: Highly rated self-efficacy (OR 8.82, 95% CI: 3.23-24.09), awareness (OR 6.05, 95% CI: 2.06-17.72), and enabling factors (OR 3.23, 95% CI: 1.18-8.78) led to superior infection control. As a result of the structural model analysis, the highly rated enabling factors and awareness led to superior practice patterns. Conclusion: Practice is related to self-efficacy, awareness, and enabling factors; however, further research is needed to develop strategies for infection control. In particular, institutional arrangements are needed to improve the enabling factors. Improving infection control performance may lead to better infection control and enhanced protection of EMS personnel and patients against infection risks.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2011

Purpose & Method : This purpose of this paper was to show the importance of paramedics. The trauma patients receiving a temporary treatment from emergency medical technician filled out a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of the satisfaction for EMS. The data collection was from October 23 to November 12, 2006. The patients were in the Kyeonggi province hospital having more than 500 beds. At the time of discharge, the questionnaire forms were distributed. Results : Males showed higher satisfaction than females when they had a paramedics, and this indicated statistically significant difference(p<.05). The groups showing higher satisfaction for EMT 1 practice included patients over 40 years old, educated under high school, and income over 2 million won. Before the trauma patients were treated, they were satisfied with short waiting time less than 10 minutes. They showed higher satisfaction within 2 hours duration. Conclusion : Summing up the above result, it was found that the group treated by an emergency medical technician showed higher satisfaction than the group not treated by an emergency medical technician. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange paramedics in emergency medical centers to improve satisfaction with emergency medical services. And since it is a crucial factor that affects patient's satisfaction significantly, it is urgent to increase the roles of emergency medical technicians and lay the foundation for legal institutions.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.45-62
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• 2012

Purpose : This study was carried out from September 2011 to September 2012 to indicate improvement and performance schemes and planning strategies by way of scenario based practical examination to inspire adaptable capacity to EMS field for Emergency Medical Technician. Methods : In order to improve the examination, a survey was conducted to EMT-Paramedics (Level 1), EMT-Basics (Level 2), and other expert groups. The researchers visited the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technician (NREMT) headquarter and the psychomotor examination site in Ohio in April, 2011. The 21 EMT professors took part in a workshop experiencing the US psychomotor examinations provided by two NREMT examination experts in October, 2011. Results : The results showed that the general plan of new National Practical Examination for EMTs should consist of integrated emergency care examination based on clinical performance and simple skill examination based on objective structured skill protocol Conclusion : The National Practice Examination consists of two sessions and the examinees select the test number randomly in each session. The future examination should include the critical criteria and this criteria should be the decisive factor for the pass or fail.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 2007

This study analyzed the appropriateness of the spatial distribution of fire stations and emergency medical facilities, the main providers of emergency medical care, in Busan. The area over which the 119 emergency medical services were situated in relation to the dispatch and transport of urgent rescue services was examined. Addresses of patients requiring 119 emergency services were obtained and stored as individual units so that they could be analyzed in a Geographic Information System(GIS). The time taken by emergency services to reach patients and transport them to a hospital or other facility was measured in seconds. By inputting additional information such as the location of the 119 dispatch centers, jurisdictions, and emergency medical facilities, the GIS allowed for analyses not only of the temporal but also the spatial aspects of emergency medical services. The results showed that of 16 Gu/Gun and 226 Eup/Myen/Dong in the Busan area, only 41% of Busan's emergency medical services could respond to and transport patients within five minutes. In all districts, most emergency medical services were provided within five to ten minutes. However, the pattern of hospital use to transfer patients to hospitals was inefficient. Based on the temporal and spatial distributions of fire stations and emergency medical agencies, and on their dispatch and transport times, this study sets out and compares ideal dispatch and transportation patterns for the efficient use of Busan's emergency medical services and resources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.381-383
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• 2022

This study evaluated the completeness of emergency medical service (EMS) activity reports. In all, 67,830 cases of normal transfers were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22, and statistical significance was set at p <0.5. The 119EMT_2 certificate was omitted in 50,037 (73.8%) cases, followed by time-related items in 1,227 (1.8%) cases. In the primary assessment of vital signs, systolic blood pressure was omitted and erroneous in 1,218 (1.9%) and 1,129 (1.8%) cases, respectively. In the secondary assessment, the completeness of all vital sign items was approximately 70%. As the severity of the patient's condition increased, the errors in the EMS activity report also increased, at a significant level (p=.00). Paramedics must be aware of the importance of completing the activity report.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.500-506
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• 2018

This study analyzed current prehospital emergency care for severe trauma patients administered by different number of 119 EMS (emergency medical services) teams. Out of 1,067 severe trauma patients transferred by 119 EMS teams in J province from January 1st to December 31st 2015, 438 were evaluated in this study. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used to analyze collected data. The number of patients with severe trauma during the period of study was higher in male with two and three ambulance crews of 119 EMS teams with 242 patients (70.6%) and 66 patients (69.5%) respectively. The percentage of transfers made to local emergency medical centers was highest in those two groups, being 44.0% (151 patients) and 49.5% (47 patients), respectively. Total time spent at the scene did not differ between ambulance crews of two and three, nor did the frequency of practicing advanced airway management and IV (intravenous) cannulation, or the success rate of IV cannulation (p=0.253, p=0.362, p=1.000). Overall, the results indicated that merely increasing the number of paramedics does not improve the quality of prehospital care for severe trauma patients. Measures such as securing professional paramedics, simplifying direct medical oversights, activating indirect medical oversights, and expanding the legally allowed work scope are required.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2003

An analysis was performed to evaluate the prehospital advanced emergency care in Emergency Medical Service system(EMS) through the review of the 119 transfort chart of 190 patients who visited to Jecheon Seoul hospital emergency center at Chungbuk Jecheon via 119 system during the period from October 2002 to September 2003. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Among 190 patients, male were 127(66.8%) and female were 63(33.2%) and nontraumatic patients were 81(42.6%) and traumatic patients were 109(57.4%). 2. The analysis of prehospital care by Emergency Medical Technician(EMT) revealed that Airway maintenance and keeping oral airway(37.7%), oxygen supply(75.9%), Tourniquett or MAST(18.9%), Immobilization of neck or spine(94.7%), Immobilization of extremities (51.4%), wound bandage and dressing(25.0%), BCLS(12.1%) and Application of AED(2 patients). 3. The analysis of prehospital care by EMT revealed prehospital care was limited to keep of intubation or LMA, medication and IV insertion, insertion of gastric tube and ACLS. 4. There was no case of the notification to medical institute or consultation to doctor.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.37-55
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for improving the response capacity of 119 EMS systems by analyzing the effects of particulate matter on cardio-cerebrovascular and respiratory symptoms in the pre-hospital stage. Methods: We examined 46,389 patients who transferred to the hospital with complaints of cardiopulmonary arrest and cardio-cerebrovascular and respiratory symptoms by 119 ambulances in Incheon from 2016 to 2018. Results: The probability of 119 emergency dispatch for patients with cardiopulmonary arrest increased 2.8-4.0% from the day of symptom onset until two days before hospital presentation as particulate matter 10㎛ or less in diameter(PM₁₀) increased by 10㎍/㎥ (OR=1.028; 95% CI=1.014-1.041, p=0.000, lag 0), (OR=1.040; 95% CI=1.024-1.056, p=0.000, lag 1), (OR=1.032; 95% CI=1.016-1.049, p=0.000, lag 2). Meanwhile, emergency dispatch increased 3.6-6.1% for PM_2.5 in creased by 10㎍/㎥ (OR=1.046; 95% CI=1.024-1.068, p=0.000, lag 0), (OR=1.061; 95% CI=1.035-1.088, p=.000, lag 1), and (OR=1.036; 95% CI=1.010-1.063, p=0.006, lag 2). Conclusion: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who respond to 119 calls should rapidly and accurately evaluate patients and provide professional emergency care by identifying the characteristics of the vulnerable groups relative to particulate matter size. To prevent the occurrence and exacerbation of symptoms caused by particulate matter, EMTs should be prepared and equipped with a response system for high particulate matter in the EMS system.