• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.6C
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• pp.785-792
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a fast and efficient method that improves the performance of embedded zerotree wavelet(EZW) algorithm introduced by Sharipo． In the EZW algorithm, two bits are allocated for a symbol, but it is inefficient for compression and the zerotree coding wastes much time at encoding. In this paper, in order to increase the efficiency of compression, it will be allocated a variable bit for a symbol at each subband. To reduce the encoding time, we use a backscan method and lifting scheme instead of filter bank in wavelet transform. Experimental result are shown that the algorithm suggested in this paper has a better performance about 0.3∼1.5㏈ PSNR while the encoding time was speeded up more than 2-10 times compared with the EZW algorithm.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.55-62
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• 2012

EZW, also known as Embedded Zerotree Wavelet, is a technique that allows transforming original images into wavelet, then again compressing images using the transformed data. This algorithm demonstrates a simple structure and remarkable effectiveness. This paper has reformed the EZW to improve a compression efficiency. Fundamentally, EZW evaluates the priority level of wavelet-transformed data and stores them into four different categories considering the priority level of the data as well as their location information. The four categories are represented as the symbols P, N, Z, and T. Here, P and N correspond to the volume of data and the priority level whereas Z and T show the location information of data. Each letter is stored through the process of dominant pass. However, here is when the data of Z and T are stored redundantly which lead to unnecessary increase of data volume. In this paper, we propose a modified version of Embedded Zerotree Wavelet algorithm, which is designed to efficiently reduce the volume of redundantly stored data using four additionally inserted symbols. We name it EEZW, Extended Embedded Zerotree Wavelet. The proposed algorithm demonstrates the efficiency verified by a number of image and confirms an outstanding result through the PSNR(Peak Signal To Noise Rate) values, which measure their quality of images.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06d
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• pp.97-100
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a watermarking technique that embeds a digital watermark into digital images for the proof of owner or copyright protection. Proposed algorithm is based on discrete wavelet transform. Zerotree structure defined by Shapiro's embedded zerotree wavelet(EZW) algorithm is used. In the proposed algorithm, a digital watermark is embedded on only significant wavelet coefficients chosen by QSWT for the robustness of the algorithm. In other words, only the values of significant wavelet coefficients are modified in accordance with the given watermark pattern. We use the relationship among neighboring coefficients when modifying chosen coefficients to keep good image quality. Visual recognizable patterns such as binary images are used as a watermark. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has robustness under a variety of attacks such as JPEG compression, sharpening and blurring and also show that it has a better performance in PSNR comparing with other algorithms.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06d
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• pp.19-22
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• 2000

In this paper, we present a new multiple description embedded zerotree wavelet coding method using the two splitted thresholds. We first model a half EZW coder and then we present multiple description coder which has two coding channels using wide threshold EZW(WTEZW) coders. To evaluate the performance of the proposed coder, we provide an image coding applications with two descriptions and compare MDC image coding results reported to date.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2006

In this paper, We proposed extraction method using EZW a specific character and then add watermark significant coefficient of image. After wavelet transform in image, the significant coefficient value add to watermark information image. In this method, the locations of nonzero wavelet coefficients are encoded with a tree structure, called zerotree, which can exploit the self-similarity of the pyramid decomposition across different scales. The simulation shows that this method provides a superior performance over conventional method and can be successfully applied to the application areas that requires of progressive transmission and search for image data.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.442-449
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• 2002

EZW (Embedded Zerotree Wavelet) is an efficient algorithm to encode wavelet-transformed image. In this algorithm, each coefficient of wavelet transformed image is given one of the specific symbols and encoded according to its significant priority. In this paper, we analysis the occurrence conditions of symbols in EZW and propose a modified EZW algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, the significance of an IZ (Isolated Zero) symbol is determined by the additional conditions as well as its absolute value. The occurrence of IZ symbols is decreased and the required bits for insignificant IZ symbols is saved, so we obtained good quality of the reconstructed image.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.7-14
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• 2003

A number of embedded wavelet image coding methods have been proposed since the introduction of EZW(Embedded Zerotree Wavelet) algorithm. A common characteristic of these methods is that they use fundamental ideas found in the EZW algorithm. Especially, one of these methods is the SPIHT(Set Partitioning in Hierarchy Trees) algorithm, which became very popular since it was able to achieve equal or better performance than EZW without having to use an arithmetic encoder. In this paper We propose a recursive set partitioning in hierarchy trees(RSPIHT) algorithm for embedded image coding and evaluate it's effectiveness experimentally. The proposed RSPIHT algorithm takes the simple and regular form and the worst case time complexity of O(n). From the viewpoint of processing time, the RSPIHT algorithm takes about 16.4% improvement in average than the SPIHT algorithm at T-layer over 4 of experimental images. Also from the viewpoint of coding rate, the RSPIHT algorithm takes similar results at T-layer under 7 but the improved results at other T-layer of experimental images.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 1997

This paper propose a new triangular mesh approximation method using wavelet coefficients for large terrain data. Using spatio-freguency localization characteristics of wavelet coefficients, we determine the complexity of terrain data and approximate the data according to the complexity. This proposed algorithm is simple and requires low computational cost due to its top-down approach. Because of the similarity between the mesh approximation and data compression procedures based on wavelet transform, we combine the mesh approximation scheme with the Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) coding scheme for the effective management of large terrain data. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is very prospective for the 3-D visualization of terrain data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.212-214
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• 2000

본 논문은 웨이브릿을 기반으로 하는 EZW(Embedded Zerotree Wavelet) 복호기의 설계와 구현에 대하여 소개한다. EZW 부호화는 zerotree를 이용하는 부호화 방법으로서 웨이브릿 변환된 영상이 지니고 있는 계수의 특징을 잘 활용한 부호화 방법이다. EZW 복호화는 EZW 부호화와 대칭 관계를 갖는 구조로 구성되어 있다. EZW 복호기는 부호화의 결과로 생성된 파일의 bit stream을 입력으로 받아서 dominant와 subordinate pass로 구성된 2-pass의 EZW 복호화 과정을 수행하여 부호화 이전의 웨이브릿 변환된 입력 영상의 계수값을 복원한다. 복원된 웨이브릿 변환된 영상의 계수 값은 IDWT(Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform)를 수행하여 부호화 되기 이전의 원래의 영상으로 재구성된다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

This paper is a study on method that the EZW algorithm is proposed effective compression technique of wavelet transformed image. The EZW algorithm is encoded by zerotree coding technique using self-similarity of wavelet coefficients. If the coefficient is larger than the threshold a POS coded, if the coefficients is smaller than minus the threshold a NEG is coded. If the coefficient is the root of a zerotree than a ZTR is coded and finally, if the coefficient is smaller then the threshold but it is not the root of a zerotree, than an IZ is coded. This process is repeated until all the wavelet coefficients have been encoded completely. This paper was compared to EZW algorithm and a widely available version of JPEG. As the results of compare, it is shown that the PSNR of the EZW algorithm is better than JPEG.