• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.231-243
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate misconceptions regarding the structure of flowers and the function of the course based on the 'Flower' section of 5th grade elementary school science courses. It also sought to investigate how misconceptions are changed before and after the application of a Driver learning model, and finally analysing any differences in the correction of misconceptions. A questionnaire was created for 199 5th grade elementary school pupils. The major results before and after using an applied Driver learning mode teaching plan are as follows: In the response for questions, 13.6% and 14.5% of misconceptions were corrected for male and female pupils, respectively. For rural and urban pupils, 14.8% and 11.2% of misconceptions were corrected, respectively. In the comparison of male and female pupils according to the reasons for selection of responses before and after using an applied Driver learning model teaching plan, 27.8% of male and 30.0% of female pupils scientific conceptions showed improvement. For rural and urban schools, 26.6% and 32.2% of scientific conceptions were improved, respectively. Data from this study may help teachers to reconsider their own conceptions regarding the study of the flower as it is presently conducted in elementary school.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 1984

Teachers need to provide a variety of learning experiences for pupils in elementary school mathematics. This is necessary due to pupils (a) achieving at diverse levels of accomplishment in the mathematics curriculum. (b) individually possessing different learning styles. The following, among others, can be relevant learning activities to present to pupils: 1. using a selected series of elementary school mathematics textbooks. 2. utilizing the flannel board to guide individual pupil achievement in mathematics. 3. helping pupils attach meaning to learning through the use of markers. 1. guiding pupils in learning by using place value charts. 5. aiding learner achievement through the use of transparencies and the overhead projector. 6. stimulating learner interest in mathematics with the use of selected filmstrips. 7. using graphs in functional situations. 8. helping young pupils to develop interest in numbers by singing songs directly related to ongoing units of study in elementary school mathematics. 9. using the geoboard to help pupils experience the world of geometry. 10. providing drill and practice for pupils so that previous developed learnings will not be forgotten.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.135-148
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• 2010

Objectives: In this study, knowledge of environmental disease, experience of environmental health education and necessity of environmental health education of elementary school pupils were compared and analyzed. Methods: The population of this study was from grade 1 to 6 elementary school pupils in Ulsan city, Korea. Five elementary schools were randomly selected from Ulsan City. Seven hundred and twenty-eight responses from the five schools were analyzed (seventy-two were excluded). A self-administered questionnaire measuring sociodemographic variables, Knowledge of environment related disease(atopic dermatitis, asthma etc), as well as educational experience and necessity of environmental health education was analyzed. The survey results were analyzed using SPSS-PC Program 12.0 and the following results by implementing Frequency Analysis, Cross-tabulation Analysis and ANOVA are as follows. Result: Pupils of lower grades more informed than those of higher grades about atopic dermatitis. Among asthma sufferers, many responded that symptoms occurred or improved during the lower grades of elementary school. In terms of the lifestyles of patients with atopic dermatitis or asthma, female pupils, especially those in the lower grades, tended to make changes in their daily habits based on their disease. Also, parents tended to intervene/mediate more in the dietary habits and personal hygiene habits of lower-grade pupils compared to their higher-grade counterparts. Personal hygiene education is currently not provided in schools, and upper-grade pupils have more experience with personal hygiene education compared to lower grade pupils. 430 (59.0%) of pupils replied that education about personal hygiene is necessary in their curriculum. 490 (67.3%) of elementary pupils are aware of the close connection between education in hygiene and human health. When asked if education in hygiene should also be undertaken by teachers and parents, 406 (55.7%) students said that it should be done. Conclusions: Developing a concrete health education program and raising instructors' awareness of the necessity for education in hygiene. Placement of professionals in the personal hygiene education field, is important to provide good health education for elementary school pupils.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.567-576
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• 2020

Purpose: Not enough attention has been paid to defecation habits in Japan. This study aimed to emphasize the importance of defecation habits on health and function in Japanese pupils. Methods: Using multiple regression analysis, 2,722 questionnaires obtained from pupils in grades 5 to 12 were analyzed to determine lifestyle habits associated with defecation frequency. Results: Significant regression formulae for defecation scores were obtained for all school types: elementary school (ES) (adjusted R²=0.08, p<0.001), junior high school (JHS) (0.09, p<0.001), and senior high school (SHS) (0.15, p<0.001). The following factors were associated with poorer defecation scores, according to school type: female gender (all 3 school types), breakfast skipping (elementary and JHSs), lower physical activity (JHSs and SHSs), and longer school-day screen time (elementary and SHSs). In addition, poorer self-reported academic performance scores in ES, less standardized body mass index (BMI) in JHS, and shorter non-school- day screen time scores in SHS, were associated with poorer defecation scores. Conclusion: Poor defecation frequency showed significant associations with various lifestyle habits, such as breakfast skipping, physical activity, and screen time, among pupils. Academic performance and standardized BMI were also associated with defecation frequency. More attention should be paid to defecation frequency to sustain health and function in pupils.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.281-291
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school pupil's classification ability that appears in classification activity. For this study, we developed 2 suitable tools in classification activity achievement. One is artificial stimulus card that comes into view clearly. The other is natural stimulus card that does not come into view well. The test was administrated to 376 pupils of 2, 4, and 6 grade in D elementary School in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul. The result proved in this study was as following. First, elementary school pupil's classification ability showed the developmental change as the grade level rises. Second, there was no statistical difference between boys and girls. Third, there was high correlation between sort artificial category and natural category in their ability. Fourth, classification achievement rate of constant level by grade was seen regardless of the items. The findings above gives following guidance in science classification learning. First, if teacher understands the development of students' classification ability, more effective classification guidance is available. Second, to cultivate students' classification ability, we should devise and apply program depending on their classification ability by grade.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-161
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• 2008

The use of ICT impacts positive effects on increasing scholarship achievement levels and on developing creativity, including teamworks, critical thinking skill, independence in learning and motivation of leaners. The purpose of this paper is to survey and analyze a competence for digital literacy of an elementary school pupils in Gyeongsangnam-do, and to compare the competence of the pupils with the competence of the pupils in Seoul. The results suggest that Gyeongsangnam-do's pupils have had the highest competence for social & cultural literacy and the lowest competence for information & technology literacy among three literacy. We also conclude that there is no a significant disparity between the competence of pupils in both regions.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.558-570
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• 2005

The importance of teaching the nature of science (NOS) has been always emphasized in science education. However, the NOS is hardly taught in elementary science class. We are lacking in the strategies and materials for teaching NOS. So we designed the science drama teaching, and investigated the effects on pupils' perceptions about NOS. The subjects of this study were 185 third graders from a elementary school. The treatment group was provided with science drama lessons and the control group was provided with traditional lecture-type lessons. Their perceptions about NOS were investigated before/after the science lessons and after 3 months following them, and both of two groups were compared. The pretest results revealed that the pupils of both groups were found to have similar views on NOS. Dey had traditional views of the most items except for social construction of theories, mathematical knowledge and decision-making. After science lessons, they tended to change their views toward modem views, but the pupils of the treatment group showed more modem views than those of the control group on the observation, model, social construction of theories, predictions. After 3 months, the pupils of the control group tended to come back to their traditional views, but those of the treatment group showed tendencies that their changed views were kept up on the observation, scientific model, scientific knowledge, scientific methods, decision-making, social construction of theories, mathematical knowledge. Therefore this study suggests that science drama teaching could be one of the effective ways for teaching NOS.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.381-385
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• 2007

Purpose : Traditional herbal medicines may be overused in Korea. Expenditures and inaccuracies of hospital prescription are increasing gradually. So we investigated the frequency and nature of herbal medicine use among elementary school pupils. Methods : We interviewed students of three elementary schools located in Gwangju with survey papers. We analyzed 905 returned surveys. Results : They consisted of 421 males and 484 females. Five hundred ninety (65.2 percent) of pupils who have taken herbal medicines since birth. First grade made up 74.1 percent, 2nd grade 63.0 percent, 3rd grade 64.8 percent, 4th grade 63.3 percent, 5th grade 65.5 percent, and sixth grade 61.9 percent, respectively. The mean frequency of herbal medicine use was 3.2 times. 6th grade was 3.3 times, 5th grade 3.9 times, 4th grade 3.7 times, 3rd grade 2.7 times, 2nd grade 2.7 times, and 1st grade 2.6 times, respectively. The mean cost of herbal medicine use was from 50,00-100,000 won. The mean age of pupils who took their 1st herbal medicine was 55 months, 6th grade 67 months, 5th grade 58 months, 4th grade 54 months, 3rd grade 55 months, 2nd grade 51 months, and 1st grade 47 months. The most common reason of herbal medicine use was "looking weak, without disease." The rate of elementary pupils who had good effects was 63.7 percent; the rate of side effects was 4.5 percent. Conclusions : The rate of elementary pupils who took herbal medicines was high and gradually higher in lower grades. So, clinicians have to cope directly with this situation and to educate parents about herbal medicines.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.485-494
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to know that the 'Thinking Science' activities affects the enhancement of critical thinking skill by the logical thinking skill about pupils in the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ grade of elementary school in Korea. The 19 activities of 'Thinking Science' as the teaching materials was implemented to 40 pupils in elementary school over 13 weeks. Results indicated that the experimental group presented statistically meaningful improvement in logical thinking skills(p<.05). Those teaching materials contributed to improve 3 logical sub-elements significantly(p<.05) as the proportional logical element, the probabilistic logical element, and combinational logical element. But, there was no significant improvement in conservational logical element, control of variable element, and correlational element(p<.05).

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.429-449
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the mathematical creativity of middle school mathematical gifted students is represented through the process of problem posing activities. For this goal, they were asked to pose real-world problems similar to the tasks which had been solved together in advance. This study demonstrated that just 2 of 15 pupils showed mathematical giftedness as well as mathematical creativity. And selecting mathematically creative and gifted pupils through creative problem-solving test consisting of problem solving tasks should be conducted very carefully to prevent missing excellent candidates. A couple of pupils who have been exerting their efforts in getting private tutoring seemed not overcoming algorithmic fixation and showed negative attitude in finding new problems and divergent approaches or solutions, though they showed excellence in solving typical mathematics problems. Thus, we conclude that it is necessary to incorporate problem posing tasks as well as multiple solution tasks into both screening process of gifted pupils and mathematics gifted classes for effective assessing and fostering mathematical creativity.