• Title/Summary/Keyword: Elementary school

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Application and effectiveness of a nutrition education program based on the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans for undergraduates in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeonggi-do (2020 한국인 영양소 섭취기준 활용 자료를 이용한 영양교육 프로그램의 적용 및 효과: 경상남도 및 경기도 지역 대학생을 대상으로)

  • Mijoo Choi;Hyein Jung;Nayoung Kim;Sangah Shin;Taejung Woo;Eunju Park
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.56 no.6
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    • pp.730-741
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: The 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) serves as a foundation for daily nutrient and energy recommendations aiming to enhance public health and prevent chronic diseases. They act as guidelines for maintaining proper nutrition and overall health. Using KDRIs is crucial for promoting healthier lifestyles and making informed dietary choices. Thus, this study explores the influence of a nutrition education program, based on the 2020 KDRIs, on the nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of undergraduates in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeonggi-do. Methods: The nutrition education program, designed with diverse instructional materials, was executed across a wide range of universities. The education group (n = 75) engaged in the program for a 6-week instructional period, while the control group (n = 53) underwent the survey without participating in the education program. Nutrition Quotient (NQ) and knowledge assessments were administered to both groups immediately before and after the instructional period. Results: Within the education group, the nutrition education program positively impacted responses to NQ practice items, including knowledge of nutrition, daily intake, and portion sizes (p < 0.05). In contrast, there were no significant differences between the before and after responses of the control group for most survey items. Post-program evaluations showed significantly higher self-assessment scores and increased satisfaction levels (p < 0.05), with the satisfaction rate for the education program using the 2020 KDRIs reaching 99.2%. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the positive impact of an effective nutrition education program. However, there is a need for the continuous development and implementation of nutrition education programs to sustain these outcomes and further enhance the nutritional education experience.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Students' Conceptions on Evolution and Characteristics of Concept Formation about It in Terms of the Subjects: Human, Animals and Plants (설명대상에 따른 학생들의 진화 개념과 진화 개념 형성의 특성에 관한 횡단 연구)

  • Ha, Min-Su;Lee, Jun-Ki;Cha, Hee-Young
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.26 no.7
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    • pp.813-825
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to identify students' conceptions and their conceptualization traits in terms of the explanation of subjects: human, animals, and plants. A questionnaire was specially developed to make sure students' conceptions of evolution, students' explanation patterns with the five evolutionary explanations: creationism, internal will explanation, theological explanations, use and disuse explanation and natural selection after mutation and perceived ideas of evolution in terms of the genetic characters of human, animals and plants. 1,540 elementary, middle and high school students participated in responding to the questions. The data was collected and analyzed cross-sectionally by age. Results showed that students' evolutionary explanations were different among each subject: human, animals and plants. Students had concentrated with more 'theological explanations' than 'internal will explanation' and 'use and disuse explanation' about plant evolution. 'Natural selection after mutation explanation' was less represented in explaining human characters. This result showed that the anthropocentric thoughts had influenced students' evolution conceptions. Accordingly, as student's age, 'theological explanation' and 'internal will explanation' became least used in explaining the theory of creation. 'Use and disuse explanation' attained more representation in their explanation. In addition, the diversity of students' evolutionary explanations was getting less attention as age increases. Among youngers, 'theological explanation', 'internal will explanation' and 'use and disuse explanation' showed an even number of responses. The elders responded with more 'use and disuse explanation'. This result let us infer that 'use and disuse explanation' was strongly adhered to by student cognitive structures. Many students recognized that evolution was a kind of scientific hypothesis with little evidence. They have had a little interest in evolution and conceptualized it through informal educational sources. This study mentions that to teach evolution more effectively, teachers should make 'use and disuse explanation' adhere strongly to students' cognitive structure.

Investigation of Daily Life and Consciousness of Longevous People in Korea -(1)The Regional Features of Longevity Areas- (우리나라 장수자(長壽者)의 생활(生活) 및 의식조사(意識調査)에 관한 연구(硏究) -(1) 장수지역(長壽地域)의 지역적(地域的) 특성(特性)-)

  • Choi, Jin-Ho;Pyeun, Jae-Hyeung;Rhim, Chae-Hwan;Yang, Jong-Soon;Kim, Soo-Hyun;Kim, Jeung-Han;Lee, Byeong-Ho;Woo, Soon-Im;Choe, Sun-Nam;Byun, Dae-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.116-126
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    • 1986
  • This study was designed to be a link in the chain of the investigation on daily life and consciousness of longevous people in Korea, and to investigate the regional feature of longevity areas. The daily life and consciousness were investigated on 379 subjects(male 121, female 258) of the aged who were above 80 years of age, from June to November in 1985. This paper is to report the results investigated the longevity rate, distribution, classification and weather of longevity districts, and also the actual conditions such as the functions of daily life and educational degree of longevous people. 1. The number of longevous people in Korea was 171,449 (male 42,842, female 128,607), and the average longevity rate was 0.46% against total population in Korea(male 0.23%, female 0.69%). 2. Of the longevity rates of shi and/or do in Korea, Cheju(1.03%) was the highest among these districts, and decreased in the order of Chonnam(0.79%), Chonbuk(0.66%), Kyongbuk(0.65%) and Kyongnam(0.61%), whereas the large cities such as Inchon(0.22%), Seoul(0.23%), Pusan(0.23%) and Taegu(0.28%) were remarkably lower than districts in seasides and mountains. 3. The districts above 1.0% of longevity rate in Korea showed 17-guns, and the distribution of these districts was 10-guns of Chonnam, 2-guns of Kyongbuk and Kyongnam, and 1-gun of Kyonggi, Cho-nbuk and Cheju, respectively. 4. Of these districts, Pukcheju(1.65%) was the highest, and decreased in the order of Namhae(1.56%), Sungju(1.24%), Posong(1.22%) and Koksong(1.20%). The highest figure(male 0.71%, female 2.51%) was observed in Pukcheju as contrasted with 0.23%(male) and 0.69%(female) of the average longevity rate in Korea. 5. The sex ratio of longevous people in Korea showed the female/male ratio of 3.0. It is, therefore, believed that the longevity rate of female was 3 times higher than that of male. 6. The longevity districts were classified into seven districts in seasides, three districts in isolated islands, and seven rural districts in mountains. 7. The situation of weather in longevity districts was in the range of 11.2 to $14.8^{\circ}C$ at annual average temperature, and 878.5 to 1585.9mm at annual average rainfall. 8. Of the educational degree of longevous people, uneducated(71.5%) was the highest, and followed by the order of village school(15.8%) and above elementary school(4.8%). 9. In the functions of daily life, the aged moving actively(53.0%) was the highest among these longevous people, followed by the aged moving a little(23.5%). Therefore, it is believed that health degree of these longevous peoples by the functions of daily life was very gratifying.

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Survey of Daily Caffeine Intakes from Children's Beverage Consumption and the Effectiveness of Nutrition Education (어린이들의 음료를 통한 카페인 섭취량 실태조사 및 영양교육에 따른 효과 평가)

  • Kim, Sung-Dan;Yun, Eun-Sun;Chang, Min-Su;Park, Young-Ae;Jung, Sun-Ok;Kim, Dong-Gyu;Kim, Youn-Cheon;Chae, Young-Zoo;Kim, Min-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.709-720
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to identify daily caffeine intakes in beverages for elementary school children and to evaluate its effectiveness after nutrition education. The caffeine contents of 140 commercial beverages were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) and information about their consumption were obtained by surveying 267 children. Researchers gave nutrition education to the children, who were 6 to 11 years old and attended 9 classes of 3 elementary schools, by lecture, Powerpoint file and moving picture. Their preference and intake amount on beverages were investigated by questionnaire before and after nutrition education. The order on caffeine contents was coffee ($33.8{\pm}2.4{\sim}49.1{\pm}5.6\;mg/100\;mL$)> coffee milk ($10.6{\pm}3.3\;mg/100\;mL$)> cola ($6.0{\pm}2.4\;mg/100\;mL$)> green black oolong tea drink ($6.0{\pm}2.4\;mg/100\;mL$)> chocolate milk and chocolate drink ($1.6{\pm}0.7{\sim}1.7\;mg/100\;mL$)> black ice tea mix ($1.3{\pm}1.7\;mg/100\;mL$). The order on children's preference was carbonated drink and fruit and vegetable drink (27%)> sports drink (26%)> processed cocoa mix (7%)> milk (6%)> vitamin & functional drink (3%)> green tea drink (2%)> black tea drink and coffee (1%). The average daily caffeine intakes except tea drink was $5.9{\pm}11.2$ mg/person/day ($0.17{\pm}0.32$ mg/kg bw/day), ranged from $0.0{\sim}80.5$ mg/person/day for children. The sources of caffeine were coffee 57% (3.4 mg/person/day), coffee milk 20% (1.2 mg/person/day), carbonated drink 15% (0.9 mg/person/day), chocolate milk and chocolate drink 6% (0.4 mg/person/day), and vitamin & functional drink 2% (0.1 mg/person/day). After nutrition education, the preference of carbonated drink, coffee, vitamin drinks & functional drink was decreased significantly (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01) and the intakes of carbonated drink, chocolate milk & chocolate drink, and vitamin & functional drink were also decreased significantly (p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01). This study has shown that nutrition education influences the preference and the intake behavior of caffeinated beverages.

Effect of Health Promotion Programs in Schoolchildren (초등학교 학생을 대상으로 한 건강증진 프로그램의 효과)

  • Yoo, Joong-Sun;Kang, Pock-Soo;Lee, Kyeong-Soo;Kim, Seok-Beom;Choi, Kwang-Hae;Kim, Mee-Kyung
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.397-411
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    • 2000
  • The present study was conducted to analyze the degree of changes in knowledge and attitude toward health, arid health promoting activities after providing health education intervention for a year to elementary school children, to examine the factors effecting knowledge, attitude and health promoting practices for obesity and diet, and to analyze whether changes are present in health level according to changes in knowledge on health and health promoting activities. After conducting a pre-survey rio 354 subjects of 3rd and 4th grade students and their mothers in the city area of Kyungju, in April, 1999, 301. responses with the responding rate of 85% were obtained. Final analysis was done with 231 pairs of a student and his/her mother who could be followed up after a year among 301 pairs of the respondents, excluding those students who transferred, those who were excused from school early, those who did not take abdominal fat measurements, and those students and mothers respondents whose survey was incomplete. Based on the changes before and after the intervention, the scores on knowledge about obesity and diet showed a significant difference in normal weight group, and the scores on the attitude toward obesity and diet increased significantly in obesity group but decreased significantly in normal weight group(p<0.01). The scores of practicing health promoting activities were significantly increased in both groups, and although the waist-hip ratio (WHR) did not change in obesity group, the rate increased significantly in normal weight group(p<0.01). As for changes on the knowledge of obesity and diet before and after the intervention while dividing the scores into 3 levels based on the scores of the pre-survey and compared to changes in the scores one year after, in the case of the changes in the scores in the 1st third, the score on the knowledge about obesity and diet changed from 1.3 in the pre survey to 3.7 after the intervention, showing significant increase(p<0.01) The scores of practicing health promoting activities for obesity and diet were significantly increase in all three levels(p<0.01), and the degree of changes in the scores was 7.0 points in the 1st third, 4.4 points for the and third and 1.8 points for the 3rd third, showing a significant difference among the three levels(p<0.01). It was shown that the increase in BMI in those students whose mothers have the education level higher than university was significantly higher than the increase in BMI in those students whose mothers have the education level under high school, and those students whose mothers are in their 30's showed higher changes in practicing health promoting activities for obesity and diet. When the scores of mothers' knowledge and attitude toward obesity and diet were compared by dividing the scores into tertile, the score of students' knowledge changed significantly according to the scores of mothers' attitude toward obesity and diet. In multiple regression analysis on changes in the scores of knowledge about obesity and diet, the student variables of the degree of awareness on the seriousness of obesity, and the scores of previous knowledge on diet and obesity were selected the significant variables, and among the mother variables, the degree of guiding the child on diet and the education level were the significant variables. In multiple regression analysis to analyze the factors effecting changes in the attitude toward obesity and diet, the student variables of the BMI, scores of previous knowledge on obesity and diet, and scores on the previous attitude toward obesity and diet were shown to be significant. In multiple regression analysis on the factors effecting changes in health promoting activities for obesity and diet, the student variables of the BMI, scores on the previous attitude toward obesity and diet, and changes in the scores of obesity and diet were selected the significant variables.

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An analysis of daily lives of children in Korea, Japan and China (한국, 중국, 일본 유아들의 일상생활에 대한 비교연구)

  • Kisook Lee;Mira Chung;Hyunjung Kim
    • Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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    • v.12 no.5_spc
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    • pp.81-98
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this research is to do a cultural comparison on the daily lives of the children of Korea, Japan and China. To achieve this objective, the questionnares were distributed to the 2940 mothers of children from the ages of 3 to 6 in the countries of Korea, Japan and China. The target audience consisted of 941 mothers living in Seoul and Kyunggi area for Korea, 1007 mothers living in Tokyo for Japan, and 992 mothers living in Beijing for China. As a result of the research, we found out that firstly, although children in general got up anytime between 7:00am to 9:00am and went to bed between 8:00pm and 11:00pm, 61.5% of the Korean children went to bed after 10pm and 16.8% after 11pm. Besides that, we found that compared to 3.51% of Korean children who got up before 6am, 13.41% of Japanese children and 17.24% of Chinese children got up before 6:00am. So we could see that the Korean children got up later and went to bed later than their Japanese and Chinese counterpart. This pattern could also be seen in the average rising time and bed time. Korean children went to bed at 10:00pm and woke up at 7:75am whereas the Japanese children went to bed at 9:28pm and woke up at 7:39am, and the Chinese children went to bed at 9:05pm and woke up at 7:05am. The average sleeping hours for Japanese children was 10.12 hours, 9.50 hours for the Chinese and 9.75 hours for the Korean. As a result, we could see that the Korean children went to bed later, got up later and slept fewer hours than their Japanese and Chinese counterparts. Also, since the rising time and bedtime of the Korean children was later than those of the Chinese and Japanese counterparts, the former s' breakfast and dinner time was also much later. Secondly, we looked at the time children went off to and came back from institutes such as kindergarten and child care centers. The Chinese were earliest at going with average attendance at 7:83am, the Japanese came next at 8:59am and the Korean children were last at 8:90am, whereas the Japanese came first in coming back home at 3:36pm, Korean next at 3:91pm and the Chinese last at 5:46pm. Next when we looked at the hours spent at the kindergartens and child care centers, Japan spent 6.76 hours, Korea 7.01 hours and China spent the longest hours with 9.63 hours. Excluding China where all preschool institutes are centralized into kindergartens, we nest looked at time children went to and came back from the institutes as well as the time spent there. In the case of kindergarten, there was not much difference but in the case of child care centers, the Japanese children went to the child care centers mach earlier and came home later than the Korean children. Also, the time spent at the child care center was much longer for the Japanese than the Korean children. This fact coincides with the Korean mothers' number one wish to the kindergartens and child care centers i.e. for the institutes to prolong their school hours. Thus, the time spent at child care centers for Korea was 7.75 hours, 9.39 hours for Japan and 9.63 hours for China. The time for Korea was comparatively much shorter than that of Japan and China but if we consider the fact that 50% of the target audience was working mothers, we could easily presume that the working parents who usually use the child care centers would want the child care centers to prolong the hours looked after their children. Besides this, the next most wanted wish mothers have towards the child care centers and kindergartens was for those institutes to "look after their children when sick". This item showed high marks in all three countries, and the marks in Korea was especially higher when compared to Japan and China. Thirdly, we looked at the private extracurricular activities of the children. We found that 72.6% of the Korean children, 61.7% of the Japanese children, and 64.6% of the Chinese children were doing private extracurricular activities after attending kindergarten or day care centers. Amongst the private extracurricular activities done by Korean children, the most popular one was worksheet with 51.9% of the children doing it. Drawing (15.20%) and English (11.6%) came next. Swimming (21.95%) was the most popular activity for Japan, with English (17.48%), music (15,79%) and sports (14.70%) coming next. For China, art (30.95%) was first with English (22.08%) and music (19.96%) following next. All three countries had English as the most popular activity related to art and physical activities after school hours, but the rate for worksheet studies was much higher for Korea compared to Japan China. The reason Koreans universally use worksheet in because the parents who buy the worksheet are mothers who have easy access to advertisement or salespeople selling those products. The price is also relatively cheap, the worksheet helps the children to grow the basic learning ability in preparation for elementary school, and it is thought to help the children to build the habit of studying everyday. Not only that but it is estimated that the worksheet education is being conducted because parents can share the responsibility of the children's learning with the worksheet-teacher who make home visits. Looking at the expenses spent on private extracurricular activities as compared to income, we found that China spent 5% of income for activities outside of regular education, Korea 3% and Japan 2%. Fourthly, we looked at the amount of time children spent on using multimedia. The majority of the children in Korea, Japan and China watch television almost every day. In terms of video games, the Japanese children played the games the most, with Korea and China following next. The Korean children used the computer the most, with Japan and China next. The Korean children used about 21.17% of their daily time on computers which is much more than the Japanese who used 20.62% of their time 3 or 4 times a week, or the Chinese. The Chinese children were found to use considerably less time on multimedia compared to the Korean of Japanese.

The Body Shape Satisfaction and Body Shape Esteem according to the State of Obesity in 12-year old Children (초등학생 6학년 학생의 비만상태에 따른 체형만족도와 체형존중감에 관한 연구)

  • 백경신
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.79-91
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the body shape satisfaction and body shape esteem according to the state of obesity in elementary school students. The data were collected from May 1st to 31th, 1999 using the questionnaire and the physical examination record. The subjects were 669 in 12-year old children. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentages, crosstabs, ANOVA, pearson correlation using the SPSS program. The results were as follows: 1. The prevalence of overweight was 14.0% of total students, 21.4% of mail students and 6.6 % of female students. 2. There were significant differences in the body shape satisfaction according to the state of obesity in total students(($chi^2$ = 110.31, p = .000), in mail students(($chi^2$ = 99.97, p = .000), in female students(($chi^2$ = 62.23, p = .000). The percentages of the body shape satisfaction were highest the underweight group in total and female students but in mail students the normal weight group was highest 3. There were significant differences in the body shape esteem according to the state of obesity in total students(F = 8.634, p = .000), in mail students(F = 11.738, p = .000), in female students(F = 4.502, p = .004). The mean scores of body shape esteem were highest the normal weight group in total students, overweight group in mail students and underweight group in female students. The higher the state of obesity was, the lower body shape esteem. 4. The relationships between body shape satisfaction, body shape esteem and obesity index were significant. Obesity index were significantly and negatively related to body shape satisfaction(r = -.2081, P = .000), to body shape esteem(r = -.2250, p = .000). 5. There were significant differences in the state of obesity according to sex(($chi^2$ = 88.136, p = .000) and the perception of body shape(($chi^2$ = 242.371, p = .000) in total students. There were significant differences in the state of obesity according to the body shape of father(($chi^2$ = 15.11, p = .019), the perception of body shape(($chi^2$ = 138.95, p = .000) in mail students. There were significant differences in the state of obesity according to the education of mother(($chi^2$ = 19.46, p = .022), the perception of body shape(($chi^2$ = 143.35, p = .000) in female students.

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