• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.523-532
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• 2015

Purpose: The usability, user satisfaction, and impact of electronic nursing record (ENR) systems were investigated. Methods: This mixed-method research was performed as a time-motion (TM) study and a survey which were carried out at six hospitals between August and November 2013. The TM study involved 108 nurses from medical, surgical, and intensive care units at each hospital, plus an additional 48 nurses who served as nonparticipating observers. In the survey, 1879 volunteer nurses completed the Impact of ENR Systems Scale, the System Usability Scale, and a global satisfaction scale. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. Results: The mean scores for the ENR impact, system usability, and satisfaction were 4.28 (out of 6), 58.62 (out of 100), and 74.31 (out of 100), respectively, and they differed significantly between hospitals (F=43.43, p<.001, F=53.08 and p<.001, and F=29.13 and p<.001, respectively). A workflow fragmentation assessment revealed different patterns of ENR system use among the included hospitals. Three user characteristics-educational background, practice period, and experience of using paper records-significantly affected the system usability and satisfaction scores. Conclusion: The system quality varied widely among the ENR systems. The generally low-to-moderate levels of system usability and user satisfaction suggest many opportunities for improvement.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.377-388
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• 2015

Purpose: To identify user requirements for electronic nursing record (ENR) systems so as to ensure system usability. Methods: A mixed methods approach were applied in three steps : (i) task and workflow analysis with literature review of nursing documentation, (ii) literature reviews of system usability, and (iii) Use Case idenfication and consensus-based validation. We analyzed the nursing activity logs collected from a time-motion investigation of six hospitals. The Use Cases were validated by eight clinical experts from different hospitals and two experts from academia in a sequential Delphi survey. Consensus was achieved for the significance score and agreement among the panel. Results: Eight task groups and patterns of task flow were observed, which were translated into nine Use Cases. The specification of Use Cases was derived from principles, guidelines, and recommendations on nursing documentation and electronic health record systems, which was organized into three requirements of each Use Case: functionality, information, and design characteristics. Each Use Case achieved an agreement of 50~70%, and significance scores of 4 or 5 on a 5-point Likert scale. Conclusion: The nine Use Case identified were considered to be important and adequate in terms of both clinical and informatics contexts.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2010

최근 국내 외의 건설 프로젝트는 이해관계가 복잡해서 업무 흐름을 파악하기 어렵기 때문에 IETM(Interactive Electronic Technical Manual)을 이용하여 사업 참여자들의 의사결정을 지원하려는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본래 IETM은 신속한 정보 처리가 가능해서 타 분야에 도입되었으나, 건설 사업은 정보의 변화 가능성이 높아서 정보 유지관리에 어려움이 있어 활성화 되지 못했다. 본 연구에서는 건설 사업관리 IETM이 정보 변화성을 수용하고 정보를 지속적으로 유지관리하기 위한 방법으로 위키의 정보 관리기능에 주목하여 위키 기반 시스템의 성공사례를 바탕으로 특성을 분석하고 건설 분야 적용을 위한 요소를 추출하였다. 이를 바탕으로, 건설 사업의 이해관계로 인한 의도적 파괴를 방지하고 프로세스 중심의 특성을 반영하기 위한 IETM 시스템 모델을 제시하고 건설 사업관리 분야의 특성을 대표할 수 있는 도시환경정비사업 절차에 대한 IETM 프로토타입을 구현하였다. 파일럿테스트 결과, 위키 기반 전자매뉴얼은 유지관리측면에서 기존의 결과 중심적인 지식 형성 과정에 의사소통을 가능하게 함으로써 건설 사업 수행 중의 의사소통 프로세스를 개선할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.2957-2986
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• 2013

The traditional approach of fixed spectrum allocation to licensed networks has resulted in spectrum underutilisation. Cognitive radio technology is envisioned as a promising solution that can be used to resolve the ineffectiveness of the fixed spectrum allocation policy by accessing the underutilised spectrum of existing technologies opportunistically. The implementation of cognitive radio networks (CRNs) faces distinct challenges due to the fact that two systems (i.e., cognitive radio (CR) and primary users (PUs)) with conflicting interests interact with each other. Specially, in self-organised systems such as ad-hoc CRNs (AHCRNs), the coordination of spectrum access introduces challenges to researchers due to rapid utilisation changes in the available spectrum, as well as the multi-hop nature of ad-hoc networks, which creates additional challenges in the analysis of resource allocation (e.g., power control, channel and rate allocation). Instead, game theory has been adopted as a powerful mathematical tool in analysing and modelling the interaction processes of AHCRNs. In this survey, we first review the most fundamental concepts and architectures of CRNs and AHCRNs. We then introduce the concepts of game theory, utility function, Nash equilibrium and pricing techniques. Finally, we survey the recent literature on the game theoretic analysis of AHCRNs, highlighting its applicability to the physical layer PHY, the MAC layer and the network layer.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.50-68
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• 2006

Innovation fuels organizations evolving them to withstand rapid changes in markets and challenges from competition. While diversified concepts of innovation are examined, a generic framework for managing organizational innovation is established to portray the notion in a methodical approach. Substantiation of the determinants for organizational innovation is carried out in order to examine the framework against the practical situation. Subsequently, expectations and actual accomplishments of the determinants for organizational innovation from the industry are determined so as to understand the industrial view towards the framework. This paper summarizes the empirical findings of a survey of organizational innovation with a sample of 208 electronic and electrical manufacturing companies in the Greater Pearl River Delta (GPRD), China. On one hand, the survey findings confirm the readiness of the generic framework from the practical perspective of the industry. On the other hand, rankings are obtained for the expected importance and company accomplishment of the determinants for organizational innovation, namely in the areas of management leadership and commitment, employee capability and attitude and strategy development for innovation. The improvement area is also verified by the shortcomings of the expectation in comparison to the company accomplishment in each determinant. Meanwhile, it is believed that a directional attitude towards the determinants can facilitate the accomplishment of the determinants of organizational innovation. Further results will be generated from a more in-depth analysis of variables. The confirmed framework will be further developed into an assessment system for organizational innovation with the support of best practices in each determinant.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2018

Purpose: Lactose intolerance (LI) is perceived to be frequent in Asia and has been reported to have considerable impact on dietary intake, nutritional status and the quality of life. We aimed to gather information from healthcare professionals on the perceived incidence, diagnosis and management of LI in 1 to 5 year old children in Southeast Asia. Methods: An anonymous electronic survey was sent randomly among healthcare professionals registered in the database of the pediatric societies in Thailand, Indonesia, and Singapore between June and October 2016. Results: In total, 259 health care professionals responded of which 45.5% (n=118) were from Thailand, 37.4% (n=97) from Indonesia and 16.9% (n=44) from Singapore. Of the participants who responded (n=248), primary LI prevalence among children 1 to 3 years of age was estimated to be less than 5% by 56.8%. However, about 18.9% (n=47) answered they did not know/unsure. Regarding secondary LI, 61.6% of respondents (n=153) estimated the prevalence to be less than 15%. But again, 10.8% (n=27) answered they did not know or unsure. Rotavirus gastroenteritis was ranked as the top cause for secondary LI. There was considerable heterogeneity in the diagnostic methods used. The majority of respondents (75%) recommended lactose-free milk to manage primary and secondary LI. Conclusion: More education/training of pediatricians on this topic and further epidemiological studies using a more systematic approach are required.

• 지질공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.150-171
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• 2000

제주도 해안지방에서 고염분 지하수가 산출되고 있다. 이 지역의 지질 구조에 의한 저지하수위 형성이 주 요인으로 보이며 부분적으로는 관정에서 과다양수 등의 사유가 문제가 된다. 본 연구에서는 고염분을 가진 관정의 분포를 알아내고, 16개의 전기전도도를 검층하였다. 동부지역에서 다른 지역에 비해 염소이온이 높게 나왔다. 관정저의 표고가 해수로 나누어 수질성분 분석자료를 비교하였다. 이외에 전기전도도를 검충하였다. 동부지역에서 다른 지역에 비해 염소이온이 높게 나왔다. 관정저의 표고가 해수면 기준 0m이상, 0m∼-10m, -10∼-20m, -20m∼-30m, -30m∼-40m, -40m 이하의 6개의 군으로 나누어 수질성분 분석자료를 비교하였다. 이외에 전기전도도 검층 등 다른 조사자료를 수집하여 염소이온과 관계를 파악하고, 염소이온도 분포도를 작성하였다. 북제주군 한림읍 지역에서 염수를 막은 2개의 사례는 염수 침입이 이루어지는 대수층을 그라우팅으로 붕쇄하여, 염수의 침입현상을 방지하는 공법이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2007

Purpose: Based on the results of a survey on college freshmen's smoking this study examined the application of smoking cessation programs. Methods: The opinions of 89 smokers who were college freshmen were investigated and analyzed using a survey questionnaire. Results: Among the survey respondents, the largest percentage (47.2%) replied 'little satisfied' to the question on the with campus life. Of the participants, 57.3% considered that their health state was bad because of smoking. As to motives for smoking, 'curiosity' was most frequent. Smokers had more smoking friends than nonsmoking ones. The 82% of the smokers had experience in stopping smoking. Among smoking cessation methods, the self overcoming was most frequent(50.6%). During the survey, 28 smokers applied for the cessation program and they favored e-mails for information. E-mails were sent to them once in a week for 6 weeks and short messages were sent to their cell phone in order to encourage them to read the e-mails. Conclusions: To encourage and maintain smoking cessation, it is recommended to have a personalized or small group program. More researches are needed to execute the program and evaluate results. Colleges need to have an innovative approach on smoking prevention and cessation services.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2012

본 연구의 주목적은 전자상거래 환경 하에서 지각된 위험요인이 고객의 지각된 가치와 재구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석해 보는 것이다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 선행문헌 고찰결과를 토대로 전자상거래 이용자의 지각된 위험으로 프라이버시 위험, 시간적 위험, 경제적 위험, 심리적 위험, 상품성능 위험 등 여섯 가지 요인을 설정하였고, 전자상거래 성과를 측정하기 위하여 지각된 가치와 재구매의도를 포함한 연구모형을 구축하였다. 설문조사 결과, 전자상거래 이용자 174명으로부터 자료가 수집되었으며, 공분산 구조모델 분석을 통해 가설검정을 수행하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같이 요약해 볼 수 있다. 첫째, 지각된 위험 중 프라이버시 위험, 경제적 위험, 심리적 위험, 상품성능 위험 등 네 가지 요인이 지각된 가치에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 지각된 가치는 전자상거래 쇼핑몰의 재구매의도에 매우 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 연구결과를 토대로 전자상거래 환경에서 고객의 지각된 가치와 재구매의도를 향상시키기 위한 전략에 대한 논의가 이루어졌으며, 연구의 시사점과 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2012

임상시험 전체 소요시간 및 비용의 절감, 임상 데이터 질의 향상을 위해 임상시험 전자자료의 관리가 점차 중요해지고 있다. 또한 임상시험 전자자료 관리는 전자 임상시험의 안정성 및 질을 위해 규정 가이드라인을 준수하는 것이 결정적으로 필요하다. 본 연구는 전자적 시스템을 활용한 임상시험에 있어 데이터 관리의 성과를 평가하기 위한 프레임웍을 개발하고자 한다. 연구의 목적을 위해 임상시험 프로세스에 근거하여 기반능력, 연구설계, 연구진행 및 연구완료 등 네 개의 주요 메트릭을 구성함으로써 데이터 관리의 수준을 측정할 수 있는 성과척도를 도출한다. 이때 각 성과척도의 도출 기준은 임상시험 자체가 지향하는 데이터의 질 향상, 전자자료 관리 프로세스의 비용과 효율성 및 규정 준수 수준 등 네 가지의 관리적 관심을 기준으로 하며, 각 성과척도 별로 전자자료 관리 프로세스 상 실질적으로 측정 가능한 측정지표를 제시한다. 평가 프레임웍은 네 가지의 주요 측정 메트릭에 근거하여, 세 개의 데이터 영역(연구기관, 모니터링, 데이터관리센터) 별로 구성된다. 본 평가 프레임웍의 개발은 전문가 의견 수렴을 통한 델파이 방법론으로 접근한 탐색적 연구로서 향후 실증적 후속 연구를 과제로 남기고 있다.