• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.129-130
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• 2008

교감 신경계의 활성정도를 판별할 수 있는 지표로 피부저항(Galvanic skin resistance: GSR)이 있다. 교감신경이 흥분하면 땀이 분비되어 손가락의 피부저항이 감소하게 된다[1]. 전자기장에 민감한 사람(electromagnetic hypersensitivity: EHS)에게 전자기장을 노출시키면 전자기장을 잘 느끼지 못하는 일반인에 비해 교감신경이 많이 흥분하여 땀을 더 많이 분비할 것이라 생각하여 손가락 피부저항의 변화를 측정하여 전자기장에 민감한 사람과 일반인의 교감신경 활성정도의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 그러나 전자기장에 민감한지 민감하지 않은지를 판별하기 위한 인지 및 증상에 관한 설문에 의해서도 피부저항의 변화가 생길 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 전자파에 민감한 사람과 일반인간의 언어자극에 의한 피부저항의 변화를 알아보고 전자기장 노출 실험에서 인지 설문이 전자기장 노출여부에 의한 피부저항의 변화에 영향을 주는지 주지 않는지를 알아보고자 한다. 피부저항 측정 결과 EHS와 일반인군 모두에게서 언어자극(인지 및 자각증상에 관한 설문)에 의해 피부저항이 감소되는 경향을 보였다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.721-732
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• 2010

As increasing of electrical device usage, social concerns about the possible effects of 60Hz electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health have increased. The number of people with self-attributed electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) who complain of subjective symptoms such as headache, insomnia etc. also increased. However, we don't know whether the EHS results from psychological factor or real perception to the electromagnetic field. In this study, we simultaneously investigated physiological changes(heart rate, respiration rate, heart rate variability, alpha and beta waves in EEG), subjective symptoms and perception accuracy to assess origins of subjective symptoms according to the EMF exposure. Experiment consists of real and sham sessions and 60Hz 12.5uT magnetic field was on(real) or off(sham) to 15 EHS and 16 nonEHS. As the results, EMF exposure did not have any effects on physiological parameters or subjective symptoms for both groups. There was also no evidence that EHS group perceived the EMFs correctly than the control group. Therefore, the origins of subjective symptoms is not the 60Hz magnetic field but psychological factors.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.59-67
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• 2008

Due to the fast increase in cellular phone users, public interest on health effect of electromagnetic fields(EMFs) by cellular phonos is gradually increasing. Some EHS(electromagnetic hypersensitivity) patients complain of psycho-neurophysiological symptoms such as headaches, insomnia, memory loss resulting from RF radiation by CDMA cellular phones. However, EHS is difficult to diagnose and depends on the individual's subjective judgement. And we don't know clearly if the cause of EHS is uneasiness or real exposure. There have been various EHS volunteer studies on heart rate, blood pressure and subjective symptoms using GSM phones. But there are few studies on experimental case-control study investigating physiological parameters, subjective symptoms, and perception of EMFs. In this study, two volunteer groups of 17 self-declared EHS and 19 controls were exposed to both sham and real RF exposure by CDMA cellular phones for half an hour each. We investigated not only the physiological parameters such as heart rates, respiration rates and HRVs(hear rate variability), but also the perception of EMFs and subjective symptoms. As the results, EMF exposure did not have any effects on the subjective symptoms or physiological parameters for both groups. For the EMF perception, there was no evidence that EHS group perceived the EMFs correctly than the control group.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.139-140
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• 2008

휴대폰 전자파로 인해 두통, 불면증, 단기간의 기억력 소실 등의 신경 생리학적 증상을 호소하는 휴대론 전자파 과민증 (EHS, Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity) 환자들이 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 휴대폰 전자파 과민반응의 원인이 막연한 불안감 때문인지 혹은 전자파 노출로 인한 증상 인지에 대하여 확실하게 규명이 되지 않고 있다. GSM 방식의 휴대폰의 경우 전자파 노출 시 EHS 군을 대상으로 혈압, 맥박수 변화 등의 과민 반응에 대한 연구들이 수행되었으나 일반인과 EHS 군의 실험-대조군 연구로 생체신호, 자각증상 및 전자파 인지 여부에 대한 복합석인 연구와 CDMA 휴대폰 EHS 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구예서는 일반인 6명과 EHS 6명을 대상으로 30분간 300mW의 CDMA 휴대폰 전자파에 노출시 교감신경의 흥분을 나타내는 맥박, 호흡수, HRV(heart rate variability의 변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 일반인과 EHS 군 모두 전자파 노출여부에 따라 맥박, 호흡수, HRV의 변화가 없었다.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2012

With rapid increasing usage of smart phones, social concerns have arisen about the possible effects of electromagnetic fields emitted from wideband code division multiple access(WCDMA) mobile phones on human health. The number of people with self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity(EHS) who complain of various subjective symptoms such as headache, insomnia etc. has also recently increased. However, it is unclear whether EHS results from physiological or other origins. In this double-blinded study, we investigated physiological changes such as heart rate, respiration rate, and heart rate variability with real and sham exposures for 15 EHS and 17 non-EHS persons using a module inside a dummy phone. Experiment was conducted using a WCDMA module with average power of 24 dBm at 1950 MHz with the specific absorption rate of 1.57 W/kg using a headphone for 32 min. As a conclusion, WCDMA RF exposure did not have any effects on the physiological variables in either group.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1992

Most of the electromagnetic agents used in physical therapy rely for their effects on tissue heating and photoreaction of the body. Infrared and untraviolet light on the other hand, owns its place in medicine because it produces direct photochemial reaction when it interacts with the body. This study was carried out to investigate and review for photoreaction of the akin. The results were an follows. 1. The effects of the infrared are heat production, increasing metabolism, increasing circulation, vasodilatation and pigmentation. 2. Directed photoreactions are divided into acute reaction and chronic reaction, and the acute reaction makes pigmentation from $290\~320nm$ of ultraviolet ray. 3. Ultraviolet ray formated pigmentations, which are melanoblasts excited from ultraviolet ray and received chemical stimulation, that make melanin granule. 4. If exposured with long duration, at ultraviolet ray, it makes skin thickening and epithelioma. 5. Indirected photoreaction is made by existenced hypersensitivity of photoreaction or lack of photodefence structure. 6. The phototoxic reactions are synthesized by chemical reaction of excitement from ultraviolet ray also this time analysis, synthesis and polymerization from energy of a circumferenced substance. 7. Sunscreen substances are P-amino benzoic acid and oxidate titan.