• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the present randomized controlled clinical study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of micro-current electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS) as an adjunct method to nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Methods: Twenty patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited into the study and randomly treated with either nonsurgical periodontal therapy followed by 5 MENS treatments with a micro current device or by nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone. Periodontal parameters were measured at baseline and 6 weeks following therapy, and included the plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL). Results: All measured values were reduced at the time of re-evaluation. The amount of inflammation was significantly reduced in both the test (P=0.002) and control group (P=0.015). The test group demonstrated a significant CAL gain at 6 weeks following therapy, including non-molar (P=0.009) and molar teeth (P=0.028). In comparison with the control group, the test group showed statistically significant differences in the CAL on both molar (P=0.027) and non-molar teeth (P=0.031). Conclusions: In conclusion, the short-term results of the study indicate that MENS could be a suitable adjunctive method in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2014

Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of neuro-feedback training and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on stress, quantitative sensory threshold and pain in patients suffering from tension type headache. Methods: 22 participants who passed the preliminary evaluation were enrolled in the study and 11 participants were randomly assigned to each group. The control group (n=11) was subject to the TENS treatment of which was composed of a 20-minute session for 5 times a week during 4 weeks, and the experimental group (n=11) was subject to both neuro feedback training and TENS treatment for 10 minutes a day and 5 days a week during 4 weeks. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used to measure a level of stress and the quantitative sensory testing (QST) was used for the measurement of cold pain threshold (CPT) and heat pain threshold (HPT); A degree of pain was evaluated through the headache impact test-6 (HIT-6). Results: In comparision of all dependent variables between the control and subject groups, there were significant differences in stress, quantitative sensory threshold and pain after the treatment (p<0.05), and the experimental group showed significant differences in stress, CPT, HPT and pain (p<0.05) and the control group showed only a significant difference in HPT (p<0.05). Conclusion: Findings of this study demonstrate that the concomitant administration of the TENS treatment and neuro feedback training is effective on alleviation of stress, quantitative sensory threshold and pain in patients with tension type headache.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2009

요통을 주소로 내원한 환자 74명(실험군 37명, 대조군 37명)을 대상으로 추나요법 중 점혈법이 요통환자의 통증감소에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 시각적 상사척도(VAS)의 도구를 이용하여 전방굴곡, 전방굴곡 후 신전, 좌 우 측방굴곡시 각각의 통증정도를 측정하여 대조군(근피신경전기자극군)과 비교 실험하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램으로 이용하여 ANCOVA 검정을 하였다(p<0.05). 통증정도(VAS)는 실험군이 대조군 보다 실험 전 후 감소 정도가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 실험군에서의 점혈법 실시 전 후 요통정도를 비교한 결과 전방굴곡에서는 실험군이 1.92정도 통증이 감소하였고, 전방굴곡 후 신전에서는 실험군이 2.22정도 통증이 감소하였으며, 우측굴곡에서는 실험군에서 1.23정도 감소하였고, 좌측굴곡에서는 실험군이 1.21정도 통증이 감소함을 보였다. 즉, 사전 통증정도를 모두 같게 고정을 한 후에 점혈법을 받은 실험군은 근피신경전기자극을 받은 대조군보다 통증정도가 유의하게 감소하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the effects of ankle control training using neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), leg muscle activation, and balance in stroke patients. Methods: Thirty-one stroke patients diagnosed with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage were selected for the study. The experimental group underwent ankle control training using NMES, while the control group applied NMES to the paretic tibialis anterior muscle for 30 minutes per session, five times a week for four weeks. The muscle activity changes were measured using surface electromyography, and balance parameters were evaluated using a functional reach test (FRT). Results: The intra-group comparison of the concentric muscle activity revealed improvements in the experimental group, including paretic tibialis anterior (TA) muscle (p<0.05), medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG) (p<0.01), and lateral gastrocnemius muscle (LG) (p<0.05), as well as MG (p<0.05), LG (p<0.05), soleus muscle (p<0.05) of the non-paretic side, and soleus muscle symmetry index (p<0.05). The intra-group comparison of the eccentric muscle activity showed improvements in the experimental group, including MG (p<0.01) and LG (p<0.01) of the paretic side, as well as MG (p<0.01), LG (p<0.01) of the non-paretic side, and LG symmetry index (p<0.01). The intra-group comparison of the functional reach test revealed significant differences in the test results in the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ankle control training using NMES had a positive effect on the changes in muscle activation and improved balance in patients with stroke.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional effects of action observation plus functional electrical stimulation (FES) treatment on the weight distribution indexes (heel and toe; right and left), stability indexes, gait velocities, and stride lengths of stroke patients. METHODS: The subjects, who were all more than six months post stroke, were randomly divided into two groups of ten each: an experimental group and a control group. TETRAX (Tetrax Interactive Balance System) and GAITRite (GAITRite$^{TM}$ computerized gait analysis system) were measured at baseline, six weeks after treatment. Participants in both the groups received functional electrical stimulation treatment, but the experimental group was provided with additional action observation. Independent t-tests were used to compare the differences between the groups, and repeated measured two-way ANOVA was used to compare the interaction between the groups. RESULTS: The result of the interactions between the groups and the periods showed significant increases in the weight distribution indexes (heel and toe; right and left), stability indexes, gait velocities and stride lengths (p<0.05). However, a comparison between the groups showed no significance in the weight distribution indexes (heel and toe), stability indexes, and stride lengths (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Action observation plus functional electrical stimulation treatment should be considered as a therapeutic method for physical therapy for stroke patients to improve the weight distribution indexes, stability indexes, gait velocities, and stride lengths.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2007

The purpose of this study were to investigate influence of heat stress temperature on sympathetic nerve activities. Subjects were 8 normal adults (4 men, 4 women, 21.36 years old). First sympathetic nerve activities were measured at the point that increase of core temperature stops at the state of applying normal thermic temperature (NIT; $34^{\circ}C$). After measurement, temperature of bathtub was increased to heat stress temperature (HST; $46^{\circ}C$) and sympathetic nerve activities were remeasured at the point that temperature increase stops. Sympathetic skin response (SSR) were analyzed using EMG, IR thermometer, and auto stethoscope. SSR latency showed significant differences at both palms by electrical stimulation to median nerve (p<.05). Electrical stimulation to forehead showed significant difference at left palm (p<.05) and electrical stimulation to navel showed significant difference at right palm (p<.05). Median nerve in changes of SSR amplitude showed significant differences at both palms in HST (p<.01). Electrical stimulation to navel showed significant difference at left palm (p<.05). Ts of forehead and xiphoid process showed significant differences (p<0.01). Tc of oral (p<0.05) and inner ear (p<0.01) showed significant differences. Pulse rate showed significant difference (<0.05). This study showed that immersion in HST had significant decrease of excitability in sympathetic nervous system compared to immersion in NTT.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 1994

전기자극이 흰쥐의 정상근에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보기 위하여 좌골신경의 표적근인 가자미근을 이용하여 조직계측학적, 조직화학, 전자현미경적 관찰을 하였다. 정상적으로 활동하는 흰쥐의 골격근을 매일 전기자극한 결과 전기자극군은 자극을 시작한 후 2주까지는 근섬유의 굵기와 무게가 증가하고 그 이후로는 큰 변화가 없었다. 특히 근섬유의 종류별로는 적색섬유(red muscle fiber)의 채적밀도가 증가하였고 백색섬유(white muscle fiber)는 줄어드는 양상을 보였다. 조직화학적 검사 결과 전기자극군은 근섬유가 다소비대(hypertrophy)해지고 내근주막과 외근주막 사이가 좁아져 있었다. 정상근에서는 당원이 근섬유의 뚜렷한 구별없이 양성반응을 보였으나 실험군은 특정 근섬유에만 반응이 나타났었다. 또한 NADH-TR반응 결과 전기자극군은 적색섬유가 유의하게 증가하여 생체계측학적 결과와 일치하였고 미세구조적 관찰 결과 정상근의 적색섬유는 근섬유와 평행으로 mitochondria가 형성되어 있었고 백색섬유에서는 근절부위에서 관찰되었다. 그러나 전기자극군에서는 적색섬유는 근초부위에 mitochondria가 많이 관찰되고 백색섬유도 근절부위에 작은 mitochondria의 수가 증가되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

EMG is used in rehabilitation research to provide a method to infer muscle function. This paper will present an introduction to interpretation of electromyography (EMG) data for physical therapists. It is important for the physical therapist to have an understanding of the collection and reduction of raw electrical data from the muscle to allow the physical therapist to interpret findings in a research report, and improve planning of clinical research projects with respect to data collection. We will discuss factors that affect the type of EMG collected and the ways in which various common methods of data reduction will impact the findings from a study that uses EMG.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.157-158
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• 2008

보완대제의학의 한분야인 Color Therapy에 대한 과학적 진단을 위해, 색(color)이 인체에 미치는 영향을 정량화 하기위한 선행 기초연구로서 자연광에 포함된 가시광선의 파장이 인체에 미치는 영향을 계측하고 분석하기 위한 시스템의 설계에 대하여 연구하였다. 인체를 구성하는 세포는 세포하나하나가 살아있는 생명체로서 주변환경에 대하여 반응을 하고, 그 반응으로부터 생체신호가 발생하며, 발생된 생계신호는 인체의 다양한 구성기관에 전달되고, 전달받은 기관은 그 신호에 반응한다[4][5]. 따라서 가시광선 영역의 색이 인체에 미치는 영 향분석은 보완대체의학 발전에 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다. 본 연구를 통해 설계한 "Color therapy 진단 System"은 가시광선 중에서 특정 파장대의 빛을 발생시켜 방사하며, 방사된 빛을 조사받은 사람의 신체가 반응하는 신체 상태를 한방적인 진단요소인 "맥", "기혈전류변화"[1][2], "체온변화"등을 계측하고 이를 정량화하는 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 그 동안 시회저변에서 이루어지고 있던 보완대체의학 분야의 의료행위에 대한 과학화, 정량화를 위해 필요한 중요한 시발점으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2020

Purpose: Unilateral strength training effects on contralateral sides have been demonstrated in previous studies for lower extremity exercise, upper extremity exercise, and unilateral surface electrical stimulation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of unilateral ankle training on muscle strength and the balance of contralateral lower extremity in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects were randomized equally to a training or a control group. Those in the training group received unilateral ankle isokinetic strengthening training of the dominant leg (right side) for 4 weeks. Contralateral single-limb balance, including Anterio-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI) and Overall Stability Index (OSI), was assessed before and after intervention. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-test data revealed significant improvements in ipsi- and contralateral ankle strengths, and significant improvement in contralateral single limb balance. Conclusion: These results have practical implications because they demonstrate that unilateral ankle isokinetic exercise improves ankle muscle strength and balance ability of contralateral lower extremity.