• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.1669-1680
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• 2006

This paper explains that the RF systems for hi-directional wireless capsule endoscopes were designed and implemented. The designed RF systems for a capsule endoscope can transmit the images of intestines from the inside to the outside of a body and the behavior of the capsules can be controlled by an external controller simultaneously. The hi-directional wireless capsule endoscope consists of a CMOS image sensor, FPGA, LED, battery, DC to DC Converter, transmitter, receiver, and antennas. The transmitter and receiver which were used in the hi-directional capsule endoscope, were designed and fabricated with $10mm(diameter){\times}3.2mm(thickness)$ dimensions taking into the MPE, power consumption, system size, signal to noise ratio and modulation method. The RF systems designed and implemented for the hi-directional wireless capsule endoscopes system were verified by in-vivo experiments. As a result, the RF systems for the hi-directional wireless capsule endoscopes satisfied the design specifications.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.3054-3067
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• 2015

The phenomena of higher channel cross polarization discrimination (XPD) is mainly observed for future wireless technologies such as small cell network and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Therefore, utilization of high XPD is very important and space-polarization division multiple access (SPDMA) with dual-polarized MIMO system could be a suitable solution to high-speed transmission in high XPD environment as well as reduction of array size at base station (BS). By SPDMA with dual-polarized MIMO system, two parallel data signals can be transmitted by both vertically and horizontally polarized antennas to serve different mobile stations (MSs) simultaneously compare to conventional space division multiple access (SDMA) with single-polarized MIMO system. This paper analyzes the performance of SPDMA for maximum ratio transmission (MRT) in time division duplexing (TDD) system by proposed dual-polarized MIMO spatial channel model (SCM) compare to conventional SDMA. Simulation results indicate that how SPDMA utilizes the high XPD as the number of MS increases and SPDMA performs very close to conventional SDMA for same number of antenna elements but half size of the array at BS.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.28-34
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• 1975

텔레비젼 수신용 안테나로써 가장 널리 사용되고있는 Yagi안테나는 구조가 간단하고 지향성 이득등이 좋으나 방사주파수에 대한 반파장길이의 소자를 사용하므로 칫수가 커지고 주파수대역이 좁다. 따라서 설치 취급등에 불편을 느낄 경우가 많다. 한편 최근 일반적으로 아무곳에서나 용이하계 설치할 수 있을만큼 소형이면서 화질이 좋은 수상이 가능한 수신안테나에 대한 요망이 커지고 있는데 본 연구에서는 그 파장에 비해서 소형인 폴디드·다이폴 안테나 소자 2개를 좁은 간격으로 배열하고 이들을 이상결합하므로써 VHF텔레비젼전파의 고채널 주파수대에서 비교적 양한 단일지향성을 얻고 있다. 본 안테나에 능동소자를 이용한 저잡음광대역증폭기를 삽입한다면 다소자 Yagi안테나에 비나될 전후방비를 갖는위에 그의 이득도 크게 증가되어 일반수상안테나로 뿐만 아니라 고우스트 방지용실내안테나로서 상당한 기여틀 할것으로 생각된다. The Yagi antenna, which is most widely used for television receiving, has simple form and good directiyity as well as high gain, but it must be made with linear elements of half wave length. Therefore, the dimension of multi-element Yagi antenna becomes bulky and so a(ten it is inconvenient to install and handle, because of its big size. Moreover the frequency band width of the Yagi antenna is usually not broad enough to cover the total frequency range of VHF TV channels in our country. Recently, the aemand for an antenna which is not only small enough to install it easily anywhere but also assures good quality of pictures is generally increasing. In this study 2 elements o( folded dipole, which is small compared to its electrical ways length, are fixed parallel to each other with a narrow distance and the emfs induced in them are made to get together with some phase difference. This new phased array antenna has shown a relatively good unidirectivity through over the high channel VHF television frequency hand as well as the good PIB ratio which is comparable to that of multielements Yagi antenna. As a result this new antenna will be used as a VHF high channel TV receiving antenna and it may become better antighost antenna when used inside the room than other room antennas.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2015

Due to the difficulty of coordination in the cellular uplink, it is a practical challenge how to achieve the optimal throughput scaling with distributed scheduling. In this paper, we propose a distributed and opportunistic user scheduling (DOUS) that achieves the optimal throughput scaling in a single-input multiple-output interfering multiple-access channel, i.e., a multi-cell uplink network, with M antennas at each base station (BS) and N users in a cell. In a distributed fashion, each BS adopts M random receive beamforming vectors and then selects M users such that both sufficiently large desired signal power and sufficiently small generating interference are guaranteed. As a main result, it is proved that full multiuser diversity gain can be achieved in each cell when a sufficiently large number of users exist. Numerical evaluation confirms that in a practical setting of the multi-cell network, the proposed DOUS outperforms the existing distributed user scheduling algorithms in terms of sum-rate.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2011

This paper proposes a systematic design for a precoding codebook for a transmit-ing space-division multiple access (TN-SDMA) sharing spectrum with existing fixed wireless service (FWS). Based on an estimated direction angle of a victim FWS system, an interfering transmitter adaptively constructs a codebook, forming a transmit in the direction angle, while satisfying orthogonal beamforming constraints. Sum throughput results indicate that the throughput loss of TN-SDMA relative to a practical SDMA, called per user unitary and rate control ($PU^2RC$), is lower at larger number of transmission antennas, lower signal-to-noise ratio, or a smaller number of users. In particular, a small loss (12% throughput loss) is provided for practical system parameters. Spectrum sharing results confirm that TNSDMA efficiently shares spectrum with FWS systems by reducing protection distance to more than 66 %. Although a TN-SDMA system always has lower throughput compared to $PU^2RC$ in non-coexistence scenarios; it offers an intriguing opportunity to re-use a spectrum already allocated to an FWS.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.308-310
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• 2005

In recent years, the research and development for the photovoltaic(PV) energy system are making rapidly progress around the world and specially this country, too due the deregulation law for the renewable energy system seems to be born sooner or later. In PV generation system, the partially shaded PV array is the one of the worst case which reduces the efficiency of the total PV generation system. The partial shaded condition is the result of shadowing by cloud and dust building of on the surface of the panel. Some structural elements, such as antennas, booms etc. is also the reason of the shadowing. Even if only a small part of PV is shaded, the overall generation power of PV is significantly decreased. Therefore, several researchers who are focusing on the PV generation system take a time for the research related with the shadowing problem of PV array. In this paper, authors have developed the method which users can achieved the modeling of partially shaded PV array with. With several papers authors have already announced the availability of the EMTDC/PSCAD PV panel model component. This research result is the developed version of the previous papers.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.562-571
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 스파이럴 구조를 이용하여 UHF 대역에서 원형 편파 특성을 가지는 RFID 리더 안테나를 제안하였다. 제안된 안테나는 FR-4 기판에 스트립 라인으로 인쇄되어 대량 생산이 용이한 평면 구조이며, UHF RFID 주파수 대역폭($860{\sim}960$ MHz)을 만족시킬 수 일도록 설계하였다. 또한, 본체를 스파이럴 구조로 제작하여 원형 편파 특성이 광대역($860{\sim}960$ MHz)에서 일어날 수 있도록 하였으며, 급전 부분은 0.25 $\lambda$ 정합기를 사용하여 임피던스 정합이 이루어지도록 하였다. 제안된 안테나는 복사 이득과 복사 패턴의 조절이 용이하고, 크기가 소형화되었음에도 불구하고 광대역에서 임피던스 정합 및 원형 편파 특성을 유지할 수 있다. 측정 결과, 제작된 안테나는 반사 손실 대역폭 13%, 원형 편파 대역폭 23%의 특성을 가지고, 동작 주파수 대역에서 약 6.5 dBi의 복사 이득을 가져, RFID 리더 안테나로 활용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2017

도심의 빌딩 등 인구밀집지역에서 사용되는 소형 셀 기지국에서는 셀 용량 증대를 위해 이중편파 다중안테나(MIMO)가 주로 사용된다. 본 논문은 이중편파 다중안테나(MIMO)를 사용하는 소형 셀의 용량을 향상시킬 수 있는 높은 교차편파분리도(XPD)를 가지는 이중편파 슬롯 안테나를 제안한다. 제안한 안테나는 평형구조 및 차동 급전회로를 사용하여 교차편파를 효과적으로 억제하고 높은 교차편파분리도(XPD)를 가진다. 또한 두 편파가 동일한 방사특성을 가지게 되어 소형 셀 다중안테나(MIMO) 시스템에 적합한 특성을 가진다. 모의실험, 제작 및 측정결과 제안한 안테나는 반사계수 -10 dB를 기준 180 MHz (2.51~2.7 GHz)의 대역폭, 최대 4.5 dBi 방사이득(3.5~4.5 dBi), 85도의 반 전력 빔폭을 가짐을 확인하였다. 또한 평균 교차편파 분리도(XPD)가 26.4 dB로 기존의 단일방사체에 서로 다른 급전을 이용하는 방법, 스위칭을 통해 편파를 선택적으로 사용하는 방법에 비하여 13.8 dB이상 개선된 특성을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2017

밀리미터 대역은 매우 넓은 대역폭을 활용할 수 있어 5G 시스템의 데이터 전송률을 높일 핵심 요소로 기대되고 있다. 해당 대역은 경로 감쇄가 심한 특성을 갖지만, 짧은 파장 덕분에 크지 않은 공간에 매우 많은 안테나를 배치할 수 있어 경로 감쇄를 상쇄할 수 있다. 이처럼 많은 안테나를 활용하는 채널을 기존의 기법으로 추정하기 위해서는 큰 오버헤드가 발생해, 짧은 시간에 트레이닝을 수행하는 채널 추정 기법이 요구된다. 밀리미터파 채널은 매우 적은 수의 유효 경로가 존재하는 특징을 갖기에 적은 수의 관찰 값으로부터 희소 신호를 검출하는 압축센싱 기법의 활용이 효과적일 것으로 기대된다. 본 논문에서는 밀리미터파 채널 추정을 위한 압축 센싱 기법을 소개한다. 첫째로, 지연 확산이 존재하는 다중 경로 채널 추정을 표준적인 압축 센싱 문제로 변환하는 방식을 제시한다. 또한 압축 센싱을 통해 채널 추정을 수행하기 위해서는 좋은 특성을 갖는 검출 행렬을 생성하는 것이 중요하기에, 양자화된 phase shifter로 임의 발생시킨 검출 행렬의 mutual incoherence 특성을 수치적으로 분석한다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2016

This work presents a new method for enhancing the performance of a dual band Planer Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) and its lumped equivalent circuit formulation. The performance of a PIFA in terms of return loss, bandwidth, gain, and efficiency is improved with the addition of the proposed open stub in the radiating element of the PIFA without disturbing the operating resonance frequencies of the antenna. In specific cases, various simulated and fabricated PIFA models illustrate that the return loss, bandwidth, gain, and efficiency values of antennas with longer optimum open stub lengths can be enhanced up to 4.6 dB, 17%, 1.8 dBi, and 12.4% respectively, when compared with models that do not have open stubs. The proposed open stub is small and does not interfere with the surrounding active modules; therefore, this method is extremely attractive from a practical implementation point of view. The second presented work is a simple procedure for the development of a lumped equivalent circuit model of a dual band PIFA using the rational approximation of its frequency domain response. In this method, the PIFA's measured frequency response is approximated to a rational function using a vector fitting technique and then electrical circuit parameters are extracted from it. The measured results show good agreement with the electrical circuit results. A correlation study between circuit elements and physical open stub lengths in various antenna models is also discussed in detail; this information could be useful for the enhancement of the performance of a PIFA as well as for its systematic design. The computed radiated power obtained using the electrical model is in agreement with the radiated power results obtained through the full wave electromagnetic simulations of the antenna models. The presented approach offers the advantage of saving computation time for full wave EM simulations. In addition, the electrical circuit depicting almost perfect characteristics for return loss and radiated power can be shared with antenna users without sharing the actual antenna structure in cases involving confidentiality limitations.