• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.396-400
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• 2010

This experiment investigated the effects of increasing dietary vitamin E (VE) on production performance and egg quality traits of Indian reared Kadaknath (KN) hens. One hundred and eighty (180), day old female KN chicks were randomly distributed to three dietary treatment groups for a period of 30 weeks. Each treatment comprised three replicates, each containing 20 chicks. The basal diet ($T_1$) contained 15 IU VE/kg and the two experimental diets were supplemented with 150 and 300 IU VE/kg (diets $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively). DL-${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate was used as the source of VE. All chicks were provided feed and water ad libitum. Production performance in terms of body weight, egg weight and hatchability did not differ significantly (p>0.05), whereas sexual maturity, egg production and fertility differed significantly (p<0.05) in $T_2$ compared to the other two groups. Egg quality traits in terms of albumin weight, yolk weight, shell thickness, albumin index and yolk index did not differ significantly (p>0.05), whereas the Haugh unit score was significantly higher (p<0.05) in $T_2$ than the control ($T_1$) and high dose treatment group ($T_3$). From this study, it can be concluded that lower levels of dietary VE may be beneficial for production performance and Haugh unit score but have no effect on egg quality traits in Indian reared KN hens.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1043-1048
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of Fe-soy proteinate (Fe-SP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) dietary supplements on eggshell quality in laying hens. A total of 800 26-wk-old Hy-Line Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments: control (C), Fe-SP 100 (100 ppm Fe-soy proteinate), MgO (3 g MgO/kg diet), and Fe-SP 100+MgO. Each treatment had five replicates of 40 hens. The FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectra of Fe-soy proteinate were different from those of $FeSO_4$ and soy digest. There were no significant differences among treatments in hen-day egg production, hen-house egg production, broken and soft egg rate, feed intake, or feed conversion. The MgO and Fe-SP 100+MgO treatments showed significantly (p<0.05) higher egg weights than the control group. Eggshell strength and thickness were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the MgO supplemented groups. The lightness and yellowness of the eggshells decreased, and the redness increased significantly in the Fe-SP treated groups. There were no significant differences among treatments in leukocyte level, but hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were higher with Fe-SP treatments. In conclusion, supplementation with Fe-SP significantly affects eggshell color and hemoglobin concentration, whereas MgO supplementation increases eggshell strength and thickness. Egg weight and egg shell quality can be improved by supplementation of 100 ppm Fe in the form of Fe-SP and 3 g MgO/kg diet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1224-1229
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• 2003

The combined effects of washing, sanitization and coating of eggshell on the physical and microbiological quality during storage were evaluated at $4^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}C$. The interior qualities of the eggs were assessed by weight changes, yolk index, albumen index, Haugh unit value, and microbial contamination of egg shell and egg white during 30 days of storage in untreated, washed, or sanitized and mineral oil-coated eggs. The results suggest that these changes were faster in higher temperature ($30^{\circ}C$) than lower temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) storage, and washed eggs deteriorated faster than untreated eggs. The sanitized and coated eggs maintained the best quality during storage in all parameters measured. The shelf-life of washed, sanitized and coated eggs could be extended 4-5 fold compared to that of washed or untreated eggs.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 산란계 사료에 활성야자탄의 첨가가 계란의 품질 및 혈장 콜레스테롤에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 사양시험은 47주령 ISA Brown 산란계 144수를 공시하였으며, 처리구로는 옥수수-대두박 위주의 기초사료, 기초사료에 활성야자탄을 0.5%, 1.Oclo 그리고 1.5% 첨가한 구로 4개 처리로 구성되었다. 총 28일간의 사양 시험 기간동안 활성야자탄의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 산란율은 유의적으로 증가했다. 난중은 활성야자탄을 급여함에 따라 유의적으로 감소했으며, 난각강도에 있어서는 활성야자탄을 첨가함에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 또한 난각두께는 둔단부, 예단부 그리고 중앙부에서 활성야자탄을 첨가함에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다. 난황색에 있어서는 활성야자탄을 첨가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 난황계수는 활성야자탄을 첨가한 처리구에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 혈장내 총 콜레스테롤 함량과 HDL 및 LDL+YLDL콜레스테롤 함량은 처리구에서 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 산란계 사료내 활성야자탄의 첨가는 산란을 및 난황계수를 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.831-837
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• 2013

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Rhodobacter capsulatus KCTC-2583 on egg-yolk and serum cholesterol, egg production and quality parameters during the late laying periods in hens. A total of 160 Hy-Line Brown layers (54 wk-old) were randomly allotted to 4 treatment groups on the basis of laying performance. Each treatment had 4 replicates with 10 birds each (40 birds per treatment). Two hens were confined individually with cage size $35{\times}35{\times}40$ cm and each 10 birds (5 cages) shared a common feed trough between them forming one experimental unit. Dietary treatments were; basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Experimental diets were fed in meal form for 56 d. Dietary supplementation of increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 reduced (linear, p<0.05) egg-yolk cholesterol and triglycerides (d 28, 42 and 56) concentrations. Also, serum cholesterol and triglycerides (d 21, 42 and 56) concentrations were linearly reduced (p<0.05) with increasing dietary R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Laying hens fed a diet supplemented with increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 had increased (linear; p<0.05) overall egg production, egg weight, egg mass and feed efficiency. However, dietary treatments had no effect (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on feed intake of laying hens. At d 28 and 56, breaking strength and yolk colour of eggs were linearly improved (p<0.05) in laying hens fed dietary increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Dietary treatment had no effects (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on albumin height, shell thickness and shell weight at any period of experiment. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 has the potential to improve the laying hen performance and lead to the development of low cholesterol eggs during late laying period in Hy-Line Brown hens.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2020

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effects of supplementing sesame seed meal (SSM) with phytase and lysine on performance, egg quality, blood biochemical and antioxidant status of laying hens. Methods: A total of 960, 56-wk-old laying hens were divided into 12 dietary groups with eight replicates per group (10 birds per replicate). A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 2×3×2 consisted of two levels of lysine supplement (0% and 10% over requirement), three SSM levels (0%, 10%, and 20%) with or without phytase (0 and 300 g/ton). The feeding trial lasted 10 weeks. Results: Birds fed diets with 10% SSM had higher feed intake than groups fed 0% and 20% SSM. The addition of phytase to experimental feeds, improved feed conversion ratio, increased egg weight and mass (p<0.01). Egg quality criteria was not affected by supplementing phytase; however, supplementing 300 g/ton phytase to hens diet, led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in egg shell strength. Egg yolk cholesterol and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index and total cholesterol were decreased (p<0.01) by diet containing 20% SSM. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased (p<0.05) in serum of hens fed 20% SSM than the other groups. It was also observed that total antioxidant capacity and total superoxide dismutase content of hens fed 20% SSM was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: As from results, dietary supplementation of SSM and phytase had no negative effects on laying hens performance or egg quality while improving the egg oxidative stability.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.373-377
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 성게껍질의 효율적 활용을 위하여 대조구(A), 3%성게껍질 분말첨가 사료(B)와 5%성게껍질 분말첨가 사료(C)로 구분하여 생산된 계란의 성분을 비교.조사하였다. 일반성분에는 큰 차이가 없었으나 칼슘과 철분의 함량은 (B), (C)가 높게 나타났으며 인과 마그네슘은 비슷하였다. 유리 아미노산의 경우 (B), (C)는 tryptophan을 제외한 필수아미노산 함량이 (A)보다 높았으며 taurine은 모든 실험구에서 검출되었다. 또한 불포화지방산의 조성은 66.91%인 (A)보다 (B), (C)는 각각 68.22, 70.06%로 높았으며, 전구간에서 EPA는 검출되지 않았으나 DHA조성은 0.56, 0.68, 0.89%로 성게껍질 식이 계란에서 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 성게껍질 식이 산란계의 계란과 일반사료 식이 계란의 외관적인 차이는 없었으나, 칼슘강화 계란뿐 아니라 고도불포화 지방산의 기능성 계란의 생산이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.948-953
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• 2007

The relative performance and immune response was evaluated in White Leghorn layers fed liquid DL-methionine hydroxyl analogue-free acid (MHA-FA) relative to dry DL-methionine (DLM) in maize-soybean-sunflower based diets. Three graded levels of methionine (Met) from DLM or MHA-FA were added to the basal diet containing 0.27% Met on an equimolar basis to achieve 0.30, 0.36 and 0.42% Met in the diet. Each diet was fed ad libitum to 25 replicates of one bird (individual feeding) each, from 24 to 40 weeks of age. A regime of 16 h light was provided and all the layers were kept under uniform management throughout the experimental period. None of the parameters studied were influenced by the interaction between source and level of Met in diets. Similarly, the majority of parameters, except for daily feed consumption and immune response (influenced by level) and egg specific gravity and shell thickness (influenced by source), were not affected by either source or level of Met in the diets. Feed consumption was significantly lower in the birds fed a diet containing 0.42% Met compared to those fed lower levels of Met. The cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity response to PHA-P and antibody titre (32 and 40 wk) to inoculation of sheep red blood cells increased significantly by increasing the concentration of Met in the diet from 0.30 to 0.36%. Thus, the Met requirement for immune competence was higher than for optimum production. The source of Met significantly influenced the egg specific gravity and shell thickness. The specific gravity and shell thickness of eggs increased significantly when MHA-FA was used as the source of Met in the diet compared to DLM. From the study it is concluded that Met requirement for immune competence (360 mg/b/d) is higher than for optimum production (300 mg/b/d). MHA-FA was comparable with DLM as a source of Met for production performance and immunity, when the bioavailability of MHA-FA was considered as 88% of DLM. Further, MHA-FA improved egg shell quality compared to DLM.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2008

본 시험은 산란계 사료내 conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)와 불포화지방산 함유 oil의 첨가가 산란율과 계란 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 시험 동물은 36주령 ISA Brown 갈색계 288수를 공시하였으며, 사양 시험은 5주간 실시하였다. 시험 설계는 1) BO(basal diet + 1% soybean oil + 1% oat), 2) BS(basal diet + 1% safflower oil + 1% oat), 3) BF (basal diet + 1% free fatty acid + 1% oat), 4) CD(basal diet + 1% CLA containing diglyceride + 1% oat), 5) CT(basal diet + 1% CLA containing triglyceride + 1% oat), 6) CP(basal diet + 1% CLA by-product + 1% soybean oil)로 6개 처리를 하여 처리당 8반복, 반복당 6수씩 완전 임의 배치하였다. 산란율에 있어서는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 난각 강도에 있어서는 3주째에 CP 처리구가 BS, BF, CD, CT 처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 낮았으며(P<0.05), 4주째에는 BO와 CP 처리구가 다른 처리구들과 비교하여 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). 난각 두께에서는 3주와 4주째 모두에서 CP 처리구가 BS, BF, CD, CT 처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). 난중에 있어서는 3주와 4주째 모두에서 CP 처리구가 다른 처리구들과 비교하여 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). 시험 4주째의 난황고에 있어서는 BF와 CT 처리구가 BO, CD, CP 처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 가장 높았으며(P<0.05), BO와 CD 처리구는 CP 처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 또한, 4주째의 난황색에 있어서는 CP 처리구가 BO와 BS 처리구와 비교하여 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 호우 유닛(Haugh unit)에 있어서는 3주와 4주째 모두에서 BO와 CP 처리구가 다른 처리구들과 비교하여 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). 본 시험 결과 산란계 사료내 CLA와 불포화지방산 함유 oil을 첨가.급여하면 산란율에는 아무런 영향을 미치지 않으나, 계란 품질에 있어서는 향상되는 결과를 보였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.125-136
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• 1992

본 연구는 alfalfa meal의 첨가가 산란계의 생산성, 난황 착색도, 난황 cholesterol 함량 등에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. alfalfa meal을 밀기울와 대체하여 0, 3.5, 7% 첨가하는 3개 처리에 총192수의 갈색 산란계를 공식하였고, 공시계는 완전임의 배치하여 철제 cage에서 사육하였으며 1991년 7월23일부터 10월 7일까지 10주간에 걸쳐 시험을 진행하였다. 본 시험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 전 기간을 통해 산란율은 alfalfa meal 3.5% 첨가구에서 가장 높았으나 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 2. 난중은 alfalfa meal 3.5, 7% 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.01). 3. 통계적인 유의차는 인정되지 않았으나 일산란양은 alfalfa meal 3.5% 첨가구에서 가장 높았다. 4. 1일 사료 섭취양은 alfalfa meal 3.5% 첨가시 가장 많았으나 사료 요구율은 가장 낮았다. 5. 산란 kg당 사료비는 alfalfa meal 3.5% 첨가구가 유의하게 타구에 비해 낮았다(P<0.05). 6. 난질 및 난각질에 있어서 난각후도와 난각중은 alfalfa meal의 첨가 수준이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으나 통계적인 유의차는 인정되지 않았다. 7. 난황 착색도는 alfalfa meal의 첨가량이 증가할 때 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.01). 8. 통계적인 유의차는 없었으나 난황 cholesterol 함양은 밀기울만을 급여한 구와 비교해서 alfalfa meal을 3.5%, 7% 급여한 구에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다.