• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1226-1236
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• 2018

Ovotransferrin (OTF) is a well-known protein of the transferrin family with strong iron chelating activity, resulting in its antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, OTF is known to have antioxidant, anticancer, and antihypertensive activities. However, there have been few studies about the immune-enhancing activity of OTF. In current study, we investigated the immune-enhancing activity of OTF using the murine macrophage cells in vitro. The effect of OTF on production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines were determined using Griess assay and quantitative real-time PCR. Using Neutral Red uptake assay, we confirmed the effect of OTF on phagocytic activity of macrophages. Ovotransferrin significantly increased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and secretion of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA with no cytotoxic activity. Ovotransferrin (2 mg/mL) stimulated NO production up to $31.9{\pm}3.5{\mu}M$. Ovotransferrin significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines which are tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), Interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), and IL-6: OTF (2 mg/mL) treatment increased the secretion of mRNA for TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6 by 22.20-, 37.91-, and 6.17-fold of the negative control, respectively. The phagocytic activity of macrophages was also increased by OTF treatment significantly compared with negative control. Also, OTF treatment increased phosphorylation level of MAPK signaling pathways. These results indicated that OTF has immune-enhancing activity by activating RAW 264.7 macrophages via MAPK pathways.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1978

The present study is concerned with nutritional status and palatability of the packed-lunch in elementary school children in Daejeon city. Rice and side dishes in the lunch box were weighed and the contained nutrients were analyzed by the Food Composition Table. The result of survey is as follows; 1) The means of nutritional values of 523 lunch boxes were calorie 562.48 Cal. percentage of the recommended dietary allowances.(79.11%), protein 19.16gr. (88.43%), animal protein 6.03gr. (83.50%), calcium 110.75mg (48.15%), iron 2.20mg. (56.15%), Vitamin A 328.16 I.U.. (49.22%), Vitamin $B_1$ 0.22mg. (59.45%), Vitamin $B_2$ 0.14mg (32.56%), Niacin 3.20mg. (68.08%), Vitamin C 9.79mg. (73.44%). All the nutrients are under the recommended dietary allowances. 2) The correlation between the boys and girls in the intake of protein, calcium, iron, Vitamin A, Vitamin $B_1$, Niacin index revealed statistical significancy at the level of P<0.01. 3) According to the intake of calorie, the ratio of carbohydrates, protein and fat is 78 : 14 : 8, which is excessive meal of carbohydrate. 4) Among the total intake of the protein consists of 30.20% for the boys and 32.90% for the girls. 5) The most favorite food for boys and girls from the packed-lunch is kimchi, egg, ham, sausage, cuttle-fish, laver and beef, and pork and pickles are most undesirable items. 6) The most favorite snack is bread, cake, ice cream, chocolate, fruits and milk. 7) Both boys and girls like Kimchi, fried and saute foods but dislike Namul (seasoned green vegetables) the most. 8. The side dishes of the packed·lunch lack in variety of cooking method.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.995-1008
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the change in taste perception during aging and its effects on dietary intake in Korean elderly. The subjects were female aged 65 through 90 in the Anyang area, and college women were included as a comparison group . Dietary intake of the elderly(n=155) and young subjects (n=38) was measured by a 3 day diet record. The taste threshold and 'just right' concentrations(JRC) for sweet and salty tastes were assessed by sensory evaluation . Sucrose solution (0.0.,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0, 1.2%) and salt solution(0, 0.02, 0.03,0.06,0.09,0.12,0.15%) were used to establish thresholds. for JRC assessment, four suprathreshold sucrose concentrations of 5, 8, 11 and 14% in orange-pineapple flavored juice and salt concentrations of 0.20, 0.34, 0.50and 0.75% in beef stock were prepared. Mean intakes of energy, protein , vitamin A, thiamin , riboflavin, niacin ,calcium and iron of the elderly were below the Korean Recommended Dietary allowances. The elderly showed higher taste thresholds than young subjects of both sweet and salty tastes consumed less calories. Needs to bespecified. The older subjects having high threshold or JRCs for sweet and salty tastes consumed fewer calories from protein and fat. Pearson correlation coefficients was between JRC for sweet and salty tastes 0.54(p<0.01). The correlation coefficients between tastes threshold and nutrient intakes were very low for both age groups. Unlike the college women, in the elderly the JRC of sweet taste of the orange-pineapple juice were negatively correlated with intakes of energy, protein, fats, thiamin , riboflavin , niacin ,vitamin C , iron and consumption of meat and egg food groups (p<0.01). In summation age-related alterations in sweet and salty taste perception were observed in the elderly and dietary intakes of the elderly see to be influenced by these taste perception changes.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze specific foods influencing absolute nutrient intake and between-person variations of nutrient intake among Korean preschoolers. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study included 2,766 participants aged 1-5 years in the 2009-2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Dietary data were obtained from a 24-h dietary recall method. Major food sources of absolute nutrient intake were evaluated based on percent contribution of each food. To assess the contribution of specific foods to between-person variations in nutrient intake, stepwise multiple regressions were performed and cumulative $R^2$ was used. RESULTS: White rice and milk were main food sources of energy, protein, carbohydrate, phosphorus, iron, potassium, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin. The percentage of fat contributed by milk was 21.3% which was the highest, followed by pork, soybean oil, and egg. White rice accounted for 25% and 40% of total variability in total energy and carbohydrate intakes, respectively. About 39% of variation in calcium intake was explained by milk while 40% of variation in phosphorous intake was explained by cheese. The top 10 foods contributing to between-person variations in nutrient intakes were similar with food items that mainly contributed to absolute nutrient intakes. The number of foods explaining 90% of absolute amounts of nutrient intakes varied from 28 for vitamin A to 80 for iron. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified specific foods that contributed to absolute nutrient intakes and between-person variations in nutrient intakes among Korean preschoolers. Our findings can be used to develop dietary assessment tools and establish food-based dietary guidelines for young children.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.41-60
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• 2024

The number of elderly in care facilities is increasing in parallel with a rapid increase in the elderly population in Korea. We analyzed the meal satisfaction ratings, food preferences, and nutritional intakes of 74 patients aged ≥65 years living in a nursing hospital in Daegu. Food preferences were high for cooked rice, rice gruel, meat soup, soybean paste stew, beef, frozen pollack, squid, egg, spinach, sea mustard, cabbage kimchi, apple, peanut, drinking yogurt, pickled perilla leaves, and salted squid. Preferences for duck (P<0.01) and vegetable (P<0.01) cooking method were significantly different for men and women, and preference for soybean paste stew increased with age (P<0.05). Regarding nutrient intakes, men had higher energy (P<0.01), carbohydrates (P<0.05), and zinc (P<0.05) intakes than women, while women had higher vitamin C (P<0.05) intake than men. Furthermore, energy (P<0.001), carbohydrates (P<0.001), protein (P<0.05), dietary fiber (P<0.01), vitamin B₆ (P<0.01), phosphorus (P<0.05), and zinc (P<0.001) intakes significantly decreased with age. Men had a significantly higher nutrient adequacy ratios (NARs) for carbohydrates (P<0.05) and cal- cium (P<0.01) than women, while women had a significantly higher NARs for protein (P<0.05), vitamin A (P<0.01), vitamin C (P<0.05), thiamine (P<0.01), riboflavin (P<0.001), iron (P<0.001), and zinc (P<0.01). Mean adequacy ratios were 0.69 for men and 0.75 for women. In particular, NARs for carbohydrates (P<0.01), vitamin B₆ (P<0.01), and calcium (P<0.05) decreased significantly with age. In summary, the study shows that supplementing vitamin C, vitamin B₆, calcium, and iron, reducing sodium, and providing meals that reflect preferences will improve the nutritional statuses of elderly residents in a nursing hospital.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2014

본 실험은 Cu-sulfate와 Cu-soy proteinate(Cu-SP)가 산란계의 생산성과 소장 내 미생물 균총에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 사양 시험은 35주령의 산란계(Hy-Line Brown) 1,000수를 선별하여 A형 2단 4열 케이지에 대조구 포함 총 5처리구로 구성하여 처리당 4반복, 반복당 50수씩(2수 수용 케이지 25개) 난괴법으로 임의 배치하였다. 시험 기간 동안 물과 사료는 자유 섭취하게 하였으며, 일반적인 점등관리(자연일조 + 조명; 16 hr)를 실시하였다. 시험구는 대조구, Cu-Sulfate 50(Cu-sulfate로 Cu 50 ppm), Cu-sulfate 100(Cu-sulfate로 Cu 100 ppm), Cu-SP 50(Cu-soy proteinate로 Cu 50 ppm), Cu-SP 100(Cu-soy proteinate로 Cu 100 ppm) 총 5처리였다. 일계 산란율(Hen-day egg production)은 구리 첨가구들이 대조구와 비교하여 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높았으나. 사료 섭취량은 처리 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 사료 요구량은 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았지만, 구리 첨가구들이 낮은 경향(P=0.08)을 보여 주었으며, 연파란율은 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나, 난각 강도는 구리 첨가구들이 대조구와 비교하여 유의적(P<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 간 내 Cu 함량은 Cu-sulfate 100과 Cu-SP 100 첨가구가 대조구와 Cu-sulfate 50과 Cu-SP 50 첨가구와 비교하여 유의적(P<0.01)으로 높았으며, Cl. perfringens는 구리 첨가구들이 대조구와 비교하여 유의적(P<0.01)으로 감소하였으나, 유익균인 Lactobacillus는 Cu-sulfate, Cu-SP 50 ppm 첨가구들이 대조구와 Cu-sulfate, Cu-SP 100 ppm 첨가구와 비교하여 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높았다. 결론적으로 Cu-sulfate와 Cu-SP는 산란계 산란율 개선에 있어서 비슷한 효과를 나타내었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1169-1180
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• 2005

First, I read all the materials, including Dongeuibogam(Encyclopedia Medica Koreana), classical writings on Lacca sinica exsiccata, herbal writings on lacquer poison, and herbal books on how to treat lacquer poison. And then after 1 examined all the details on qi and taste of Lacca sinica exsiccata, its efficacy, detoxification, lacquer poison, and its effects on body symptom, 1 got the following results. The order of frequency that Lacca sinica exsiccata is used in Dongeuibogam is pressure-feeling, blood circulation, and insect biting. Its way of intake is not so much through herb-boiling or powdered medicine as through hand-made pills. When medicine is used in the form of pills, the Lacca sinica exsiccata is more included among other ingredients. When old doctors treated pressure-feeling in the chest, they mixed up other herbs, with not putting more emphasis on the efficacy of lacquer 010 doctors believed that toxicity of Lacca sinica exsiccata is not having its own poison, but having biased dominance in the use of its qE and taste. The way or detoxification or Lacca sinica exsiccata is used in the order of crab-boiled water, egg, Xanthoxylum piperitum, Perilla frutescens, Astar tataricus, a weeping willow, iron-tempered water, and Allium toberosum. Special point in detoxificating lacquer poison is that they used medicines for well-ciruculating pulmonary stream, medicines for promoting to urinate or discharge by helping large colons to move, medicines for making the lacquer scar small, medicines for helping digest, and medicines for improving vessel function in the poisoned area. With the above results, the more profound study, based on the crab-boiled water and egg, is expected to go on to increase the effect on the one hand, and to make the new way of lessening or removing the toxicity of lacquer with more safe use on the other hand.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.137-140
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• 1975

담배나방의 각태별 발생소장을 조사하여 정확한 방제적기를 알고자 Black light-trap 및 실수조사로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 성충은 연3회 발생하며 5월하순부터 월동용에서 우화하여 제일회는 6월하순-7월상, 중순, 제2회는 8월중, 하순, 제3회는 9월 중, 하순이었다. (2) 란은 7월초순부터 계속 증가하다가 8월하순-9월초에 최감기를 보여주었다. 그러나 회수는 뚜렷치 않았다. (3) 유충은 3회발생으로 회수가 뚜렷치 않고 7월초부터 발견되며 7월하순-8월초순에 최감기를 보이고 10월중순까지도 계속 볼 수 있었다. (4) 란기생봉의 기생율은 시기적으로 차이가 있으나 란의 밀도와 기생율과는 관계가 있으며 9월하순까지 평균 $51\%$의 기생율을 보였다. (5) 란 1위에 기생하는 기생봉수는 1-4마리이고 그 빈도는 1마리의 기생이 $45\%$, 2마리의 기생이$47\%$이었다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.88-105
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• 2016

This study investigated anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, food and nutrient intakes, and changes in body mass index (BMI) of Korean middle age men (40~49 yrs). Data on BMI, anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure), and biochemical (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin, GOT, GPT) characteristics, food and nutrients intakes, nutrient density, and index of nutrient quality were obtained from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2001, 2005, 2011). Subjects were divided into three groups by year. Weight, BMI, and hemoglobin increased significantly by year. All anthropometric factors except height showed a positive relation with BMI by year. Consumption of barley, chinese noodle, confections, soybean milk, egg, ice cream, pizza, fried foods, banana, coffee, and raw rice wine increased significantly by year. Intake ratios of nutrients except water and fiber were over 100% of KDRI generally. INQ according to intakes of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin per 1,000 kcal increased significantly by year. Distribution of BMI status of subjects showed a significant difference by exercise. The findings of the present study show that BMI of subjects increased by year, and intakes of all nutrients except calcium and riboflavin showed aspects of overnutrition by year. Intakes of fruits decreased while intakes of raw rice wine and coffee increased by year. Therefore, practical and systematic nutrition programs are required to maintain optimum BMI and appropriate intakes of nutrients to maintain a desirable lifestyle and improve dietary life.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.717-738
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• 2005

The present study was conducted to analyze the status of food and nutrients intakes of the colorectal cancer patients in the Daegu$\cdot$Kyungpook area and to find dietary risk factors related to the occurrence of colorectal cancer in this community. The case subjects (123) were selected from the patients recently diagnosed as colorectal cancer at Kyunrpook National University Hospital, the control subjects (182) were selected from the patients of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at the same hospital and from the healthy volunteers who did not have any gastrointestinal diseases. The food consumption survey was done by individual interviews using semi-quantitative food kequency questionnaire and nutrients intakes were analysed by CAN program. The results of the study suggested that dietary factors which are speculated as the risk factors of colorectal cancer in Daegu$\cdot$Kyungpook area were high consumption of cereals and oils low consumption of fruits and mushrooms, high consumption of energy and fat, especially animal fat, low consumption of dietary fiber, high percentage of energy intake from cereals and potatoes, high intakes of protein, fat, vitamin A and cholesterol from egg, low intake of calcium from vegetables, and high intake of iron from meats and eggs. These findings might be useful for the nuation education to prevent colorectal cancer in the community. However it is recommended to conduct more extensive and systematic survey to reconfirm these dietary risk factors under taking into consideration of the dietary characteristics in this region.