• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9543-9547
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate demographic features, dietary habits, and some possible risk factors for being susceptible to breast cancer in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: A study of dietary habits and breast cancer was conducted among 53 Iranian women with histological confirmed disease and 40 matched controls. A dietary habits questionnaire was used to evaluate the pattern of selected food intakes. The risk of cancer was analyzed after adjustment for confounding factors. Age, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, educational status, parity, lactation, marital status, menopause, history of estrogen therapy, and family history of breast disease or cancer were assessed among participants. Special attention was given to the relationship between consumption of high fat meat, milk, yogurt and cheese as well use of frying oils for frying foods, use of olive/liquid oils for cooking, removing fat from meat and poultry, removing chicken skin and not use of mayonnaise as salad dressing and the risk of breast cancer. Moreover, salad, vegetable and fruit consumption, and eating outdoors owere investigated. Results: Our results revealed significant lower education and higher BMI and waist circumference levels in patients with breast cancer. There was significantly increased breast cancer risk in overweight women in comparison with normal weight (OR=2.91, 95%CI 1.24 to 6.82). High intake of fat dairy products including milk and cheese was found to be a statistically significant factor for increasing breast cancer risk in models adjusting for age, BMI and education. Use of olive/liquid oils for cooking and avoidance of mayonnaise as salad dressing are related to lower risk of breast cancer. The frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption was significantly lower in patients with breast cancer compared to healthy women. Conclusions: Dietary habits might be risk factors for breast cancer among Iranian women. Adoption of a prudent diet could be an appropriate strategy for preventing breast cancer.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2012

The graying of populations is emerging as an international issue around the world, and this is a problem that is rapidly advancing in Korea as well, signaling the need for financial preparations for the aged. For this purpose, various retirement pension systems are being employed as preparatory measures for the nation's elderly. Using data from 1474 people in the 2007 panel study of National Security for the Retired, the present work attempts to look at satisfaction rates with regard to public pension receipts for the national pension and special occupational pensions according to general characteristics and factors related to the preparation for an aging society. Satisfaction with retirement pension receipts according to the type of pension was high for special occupation retirement pensions, individual retirement pensions and the national retirement pension, in that order. Looking at satisfaction rates based on the general characteristics of pension recipients, the study revealed that for the national pension, satisfaction was highest for groups with above-average physical and psychological health, groups who think appropriate living expenses for the elderly are lower, groups in which a partner also earns income, and groups who had amply prepared for their expected living expenses in later life. Regarding special occupation retirement pensions, satisfaction was high for groups over the age of 70, groups with good psychological health, and groups sufficiently prepared for their living expenses in later expenses, compared to groups for which these factors did not apply. In terms of the relative influences impacting retirement pension recipient satisfaction, satisfaction with the national pension was highest when the primary source to cover elderly living expenses was a resource other than income earned by the recipient and their partner and/or income received from children. Concerning special occupation retirement pensions, satisfaction was highest among those whose education terminated before middle school, and for those in good physical health. Based on the above results, it is vital that plans exist for preparing sufficiently for the living expenses of the elderly and for facilitating the physical and psychological health of pension recipients. Plans are also necessary to, ensure that citizens are provided with easily accessible educational programs and activities regarding general installment savings and deposits, stocks and bonds, real estate investments, individual retirement pensions, private insurance, severance pay pensions, and public pensions.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.295-317
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• 2001

This study divided people into the age groups of their twenties, thirties, forties and more than fifties and multilaterally examined their nutritional knowledge and mode and attitude of food intake in order to survey the effects that the level of concern with nutritional knowledge according to age has on the mode of food life with a sample of women in more than their twenties who live in the region of Seoul. If I examine the general characteristics of those who are surveyed, in age their twenties accounted for the most part of 34.6 percent, and in educational background people who did not graduate from high schools accounted for 58.6 percent and jobless people 55.9 percent and there were many people whose standard of living was thought to be in a middle level, and in the income of home, people with less than two million Won were universal, and in physical condition an average case accounted for 37.8 percent, but the case that most of people were fat(49.1%) was characterized by more than a thin case(13.1%,). In the object of survey the case of being nutritionally reeducated was as 76.1% higher than the case of not doing so, but the necessity for nutritional education was not felt by 62.7%, and statistical significance was indicated according to age (p<.001***) and in the sources of nutritional knowledge mass media accounted for 49.3%. The knowledge about nutrition was well known as a whole and in evaluating nutritional knowledge, top group accounted for 75.4% and evaluating scores according to age showed differences, but had no statistical significance. As a result of surveying the actual condition of food intake and food habit, those who are surveyed was surveyed to observe the quantity of a meal (31.9%) best, and they were revealed in the order of 30.5%, of taking in fruits and 28.3%, of having meals regularly. In particular, in the regularity of meals, statistical significance according to age(P<.001***) was indicated by their fifties accounting for 38.7% and their twenties 10.9%. In food habit, regardless of age, the case of taking in marine algae for 0 to two days indicated 53.7% and the case of faking in greeny yellow vegetables 52.0%, and we could see that modern people evade the kind of vegetables, and in the scores of evaluating food habit a middle group accounted for 57.3% and as age increases, the group of higher age showed more desirable mode of food life than the one of lower age, showing statistical significance(p<.01**).

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.102-130
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• 2000

The aims of this study were to understand and to predict the determinant factors affecting the exercise behaviors and physical fitness by testing the Ponder's health promotion model, and to help the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis perform the continuous exercise program, and to help them maximize the physical effect such as muscle strength. endurance, and fuctional status and mental effects including self efficacy and quality of life, and improve the physical and mental wellbeing, and to provide a basis for the nursing intervention strategies. We analyzed the clinical records of 208 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative arthritis who visited the outpatient clinics at H university hospital in Seoul between October 5, 1999 and October 24, 1999. Data were composed of self reported questionnaire and good of fitness score which were obtained by pedalling the ergometer of bicycle for 9 minutes. SPSS Win 8.0 and Window LISREL 8.12a were used for statistical analysis. 24 Of 54 hypothetical paths were supported in modified model, which was considered as a proper model with improved fit index. The physical fitness was directly influenced by exercise participation behavior and education level, and indirectly by physical fitness, while fatigue, physical disability, pastexercise behavior, life-style, self-efficacy, which explained 20% of physical fitness. The exercise participation were directly influenced by perceived benefits and self-efficacy, and indirectly influenced by life-style, fatigue and physical disability, and directly and indirectly by past exercise behavior, which explained 53% of exercise participation. Exercise score were directly affected by perceived health status, perceived benefits, self efficacy, and past exercise behavior, and were indirectly affected by fatigue, physical disability, and life-style, which explained 50%. Perceived health status were directly influeced by level of education, depression, sleep disorder, and physical disability, which explained 34% of perceived health status. Perceived benefit was directly influenced by fatigue, sleep disorder, physical disability, and life-style, which explained 45%. Perceived barriers was directly influenced by fatigue, sleep disorder, and lifestyle, which explained 9%. Self- efficacy was directly influenced by fatigue, physical disability, past exercise behavior, and level of education, which explained 61%. In conclusion, important variables for physical fitness were exercise participation and level of education, and variables affecting exercise participation were perceived self-efficacy, benefits, and past exercise behavior. Perceived self-efficacy of exercise was a significant predictor of exercise participation. Life-style, fatigue, and physical disability showed direct effects on perceived benefit, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy, and indirect effects on exercise behavior. Therefore, disease related factor should be minimized for physical performance and well being in nursing intervention for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and plans to promote and continue exercise should be soaked to reduce disability. In addition, Exercise program should be planned and performed by the exact evaluation of exercise according to the ability of the patients and the contents to improve the importance of exercise and self efficacy in self control program, dedicated educational program should be involved.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.353-370
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• 2010

본 연구는 초등 수학 영재를 대상으로 폴리큐브라는 소재를 활용한 교수 학습용 자료 개발의 과정에서 드러나는 여러 가지 논의점을 바탕으로 차후 또 다른 교수 학습용 자료 개발에 주는 시사점을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구는 공간능력의 하위 요소들을 바탕으로 폴리큐브 과제와 관련되는 13개의 주제를 추출하여 이들 중 학년과 수준을 고려한 9개의 주제를 실제로 반영한 수학 영재 교수 학습 자료를 개발하였다. 이 자료들을 가지고 두 차례 현장 적용을 하는 동안 4명의 개별 학생들이 보여주는 공간능력 활용 사례를 집중 분석하면서 활동들의 연계성과 난이도, 과제 제시방법 및 발문, 학습 형태, 보조 자료의 활용, 수업 소요 시간과 같은 항목들을 점검하고 수학 영재 교수 학습자료 개발방향에 따라 평가, 수정, 보완하였다. 이를 통해 수학 영재 교수 학습 자료의 개발 과정에 필요한 7가지 시사점을 제안하였다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.85-100
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• 1990

This study is an attempt to give basic information for sex maleducation, which is the integration of emotional, moral and social aspects as well as generative and physiological ones. It is concerned with both students and parents' sexual knowledge, attitude and need for sex education. The participants for this study are consisted of 193 parents, and 492 boys and girls high school students in Seoul. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. General Characteristics 66.5 percent of students is the girl and 38.8 percent of students is christian. Regarding parents age, 73.6 percent of them is 40~49 year old and 30.6 percent of them is Buddhist. 50.5 percent of them is graduated from high school, almost of them are keeping on being married(90.9%). 2. Sexual Knowledge: The boys score higher grade(average 8.98) than the girls. (average 7.51) (p<0.001) The Parents appear to record average 11.5, higher than the students' 8.01(p<0.01). However, there is no difference between them depending on their age, educational level or marital condition. 3. Sexual Attitude: The boys have more affirmative and positive feelings on the generative and physiological sides than girls. They also have a positive attitude to usual sides such as marriage, sexual intercourse and pregnancy, compared with girls. The girls have negative and irrecipient attitude to unusual sides like divorce, premarital sex or extramarital sex, while the boys are recipient(p<0.01). The parents' sexual attitude is positive feelings on the generative and physiological sides, and they also have a positive attitude to usual sides but they have a negative attitude to unusual sides. 4. Correlation between sexual knowledge and attitude Both the students and parents have positive correlation between sexual knowledge and attitude to generative and physiological sines and usual sides. The higher scores. of the sexual knowledge are, The more positive attitude they have. But parents only have positive carrelation between sexual knowledge and attitude to unusual sides. The lower scores of the sexual knowledge are, The more negative attitude they have. 5. More than half of the parents educate their high school children in sex: menstruation(75.0%), sexual hygiene (59.1%). intersexual fellowship(69.7%). marriage(62.0%) and chastity(51.9%) 6. Need for sexual education The students and the parents have almost the same opinions on this subject. Regarding pregnancy. delivery, family planning, dilatation and currettage and divorce, however, the students want to learn in high school. while the parents expect sex education later in high school.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.122-136
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• 1987

A group of studies revealed that family members of the seriously ill patient had some needs during the period of patient's hospitalization. Needs of the seriously-ill patient family could be classified into three aspect, i. e. needs on the prognosis of patient, needs on the well-being of family members themselves and needs on hospital environment. Several instrument were developed to measure the needs of the seriously ill patient, but their content tended to overemphasize the aspect of the prognosis of patient. The purpose of this study was to develop a new instrument to measure the needs in the aspect of the seriously ill patient's family themselves in details to increase the cummulative Percentage of the scale. Subjects were 134 family members of the seriously-ill patients, who were bung cared in ICU of seven university hospitals and data were collected from march 16, 1987 to April 11, 1987. The instrument used in this study was made by the author on the basis of results of literature review. Content valitity of the instrument was tested by a professor majoring in nursing and reliability by calculation of Cronbach's α with data of the respondents. Data was analyzed as follows, using SAS, computer system. Factor structures of the seriously ill patients' family needs were elicited by factor analysis. The programme was the Principal Component Factor Analysis Method of factoring employing Varimax Orthogonal Rotation. The influences of the demographic variables on the degree of the seriously-ill patients' family need were analyzed by t-test and P-test. Results were as follows. 1. Needs of the seriously-ill patients' family elicited and their cummulative percentage were: Needs to be supported emotionally, 29.2% Needs to be informed on facilities available, 9.6% Needs to be informed on the patient's prognosis, 7.7%. Needs to be supported spiritually, 5.1%. Needs to be informed on hospital environment, 4.2%. Needs to be helped to spare time, 3.9%. Needs to be informed on their role, 3.5%. Needs to be present near patient, 3.3%. 2. Educational background was found to influence on some factors. College-graduate group had higher Bevel of needs to be . informed on facilities available to be informed on the patient's prognosis, needs to be supported spiritually, needs to be helped to spare time, needs to be informed on their role than high school graduate group. 3. Among the parents, sons and daughters and the relative groups, the parents of the seriously ill patient had highest level of needs to be present near patient. Suggestions for further studies were as follows. 1. As the instruments used in the previous studies had high cummulative percentages in the aspect of the prognosis of patient and that in this study in the aspect of the prognosis of patient and that in this study in the aspect of the seriously ill patient's family themselves, development of a new instrument which combined the items of both of them is needed. 2. A study to clarify the influence of type and number of admission on need to be supported emotionally is needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2009

Objectives : Our objective was to examine and evaluate the psychological health of the residents of Taean during the cleanup of the Hebei Spirit(HS) oil spill and to review some factors associated with the results. Methods : A community survey of 71 men and women was conducted 8 weeks after the HS oil spill. Questionnaires used were the PWI(Psychological Well-being Index) scale for psychosocial distress, the CES-D(Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) scale for depressive symptoms, and a questionnaire created to assess suicidal impulses. Results : The overall prevalence of high-risk psychosocial distress among the study group was 64.2%. The percentages of respondents with scores on the CES-D Scale above 16 and above 21 were 77.6% and 62.7%, respectively. The percentage of respondents categorized as having suicidal impulses was 18.3%. When compared with unexposed groups in the general population taken from various sources, the residents of Taean were 6.5 times as likely to have high stress and 9.4-9.7 times as likely to be depressed. No significant difference in the rate of suicidal impulse was found between the residents of Taean and the general population. Factors associated with high stress, depression, and suicidal impulses were age, a change in income, educational level, number of days working on the cleanup, and positive responses to questions about "affected daily activity" and "hospital visit due to work on cleanup". Conclusions : The results suggest that the HS oil spill had a significant impact on the psychological health of residents of Taean, but the comparability of the unexposed groups is a limitation of the study.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.379-398
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 예술영재 담당 교사들의 연수 현황 및 연수에 대한 인식을 조사하여 실효성 있는 연수를 운영하기 위한 방안을 모색하고자 하였으며, 연구결과에 따른 결론은 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 응답자의 약 49.4%는 예술영재교육 관련 연수 경험이 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 연수경험 없이 영재를 지도하고 있는 교사도 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 일반적으로 기초 연수를 중심으로 이루어지고 있으며, 연수자가 직접 프로그램을 개발 해 볼 수 있도록 구성된 수업내용은 미흡하였던 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 예술영재교육 연수 운영 시 연수지역의 접근성을 고려하고, 연수에 대한 사전 홍보와 정보의 제공이 반드시 필요한 것으로 시사되었다. 셋째, 실효성 있는 예술영재교육 연수를 위해 '연수강사진의 전문성 확보'와 '연수 유형의 다양화', '연수기관 및 연수 운영진의 전문성 확보'가 연수 운영측면에서 중요한 요소라고 인식하고 있었다. 넷째, 연수 프로그램 측면에서 현장 적용이 가능한 교육 프로그램의 제공과 기초, 심화, 전문 등 연수 종류에 따른 차별화된 프로그램 개발, 연수 내용의 다양성을 중요한 요소로 인식하고 있었으며, 연수 환경 측면에서 교통과 연수시설의 편의성이 가장 중요한 요소로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 실효성 있는 예술영재교육 연수가 되기 위해서 예술영재교육의 특성을 반영하여 차별화된 연수모형과 현장적용이 가능한 연수 커리큘럼이 개발 및 보급되어야 하며, 효율적인 연수 환경이 조성되어야 할 것이다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제52호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2017

경찰은 현장 출동 시 '2인 이상'의 현장 출동과 개인별 임무 분담을 규정하고 있다. 이러한 출동원칙과 개인별 임무 분담 규정에도 불구하고 현장 출동 시 적절치 않은 1대 1식 대응 중심의 무도훈련과 호신 체포술, 위해성 장비교육을 시행 하고 있으며 이로 인해 일어나는 과잉대응과 소극적 대응, 각종 인권문제 등 경찰의 피습과 피소 등의 심각한 문제점으로 경찰기관의 신뢰도 하락과 정당한 체포를 행한 경찰관의 책임 소재를 부담하게 되는 문제점이 드러나고 있다. 1대 1식의 경찰 교육훈련의 문제점을 고려할 때 '2인 이상'의 출동 원칙과 업무 분담 규정의 성격이 다른 교육훈련 체제 문제를 인식하고 현실에 맞는 교육훈련의 방법을 제시하고 개선해야 할 필요가 있다. 본고에서는 1대 1의 훈련방식의 문제점을 파악하고 경찰 교육훈련 시스템 현황과 외국의 교육 훈련 사례를 고찰하여 '2인 이상' 출동 원칙에 따른 현실적이고 전문적인 교육훈련 시스템과 프로그램을 도입하면 어떠한 결과를 볼 수 있는지 관찰하고 그에 따른 훈련방식방안을 제안하고자 한다.