• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2020

Purpose: In modern corporate management, the establishment of a crisis management system that minimizes damage through measures used to respond to corporate crises is no longer an option. The importance of corporate reputation and brand asset management in modern enterprise management cannot be overemphasized and negative events that might arise from a number of different causes can cause brand crises. Research design, data and methodology: More than half of the questionnaire respondents were female (252 or 53%). More than a fourth of the respondents were aged 20 (122 or 26%) and the number of married participants was 196 (41%). Of the participants, 32% (153) had graduated from college. Only 18% (87) were employees and the monthly household income was 121. In this study, we conducted factor analysis in order to extract the variables that may enhance the explanation capability of each variable. For the method of factor extraction, an Eigen value of at least 1 was used as was factor loading. An analysis was performed using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient to verify the reliability of the measurement scale. Results: First, the analysis of the impact of the social responsibility activities on brand image revealed that the social, economic, philanthropic, ethical, and environmental responsibility activities significantly affected brand image, but legal responsibility activities were not statistically significant. Second, the analysis of the impact of brand image on loyalty showed that brand image had a significant impact on loyalty. Third, the analysis of the impact of social responsibility activities on loyalty showed that they had a significant impact on loyalty. Conclusions: The pro-social enterprise image is not only a brand asset that can be shared, but also a heavy proposition followed by a corresponding social responsibility, it will have to practice transparent corporate management based on clear principles through the establishment of various systems and the implementation of a strict code of conduct within the enterprise.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.135-154
• /
• 1991

The purposes of this study are: 1) To find out overall family life issues percieved by the middle-classhousewives in their forties. 2) To examine detailed aspects related to middle years crises, leisure activities, children issues, family economy issues, and housing issues. 3) To clarify solutions to, and provide basic data on family issues raised by the middle-class families. The middle-class housewives in their forties living in the Seoul area were the subject of the survey. The sample size analysed in this study was 422. Data were analysed by the frequency, mean, percentile, standard deviation, X2-test, analysis of variance, multiple classification analysis, analysis of multiple regression, and Scheffe-test as a post-hoc analysis. The conclusions are as follows: First, the middle-class housewives tend to give more importance on children issues, especially on academic achievement and career development. Second, family cohesion of middle-class families is comparatively high and intra-familial conflict is low, and middle years crisis of housewives is comparatively low, too. Third, the stability of middle-class families can be found in household economic management patterns. one fourth of the families own stocks and two fifths of the families own real estate except their own dwelling house. Be based on their property income add to their labor income, middle-class families are showed their economic stability, however, intra-class inequality is found, too. Fourth, the great part of middle-class families that possess their own house, tend to be unsatisfied with their housig scale, and a half of the families expect to enlarge their housing scale for more comfortable and convient living.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.101-127
• /
• 2014

This study aims to understand how and why each stage of capitalism grows and changes into the new direction in the moment of crisis, based on the systems thinking approach through the causal loop feedback structure. To achieve the research purpose, it classifies the evolution process of the capitalistic economic system into 4 types: Capitalism 1.0(Classical Laissez-Faire Capitalism), 2.0(Revised Capitalism), 3.0(Neo-liberalism), and 4.0(New Capitalism for the Future). This study focuses particularly on by which feedback structure the growth, crisis, and new transition of capitalism could be explained. The main research results are as follows. The intended positive feedback structure caused the growth at each early stage of capitalism. After that time, as a result of the uncontrolled growth, the negative feedback structure controlling its growth operated on the one hand, while the positive feedback structure amplifying the crisis did on the other hand. The study suggests the Resilient Capitalism as the new evolutional direction of Capitalism 4.0. It can contribute to strengthening its resilience by which all the economic players can recover promptly and flexibly from the crises such as the failure of competition and unemployment.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.171-189
• /
• 2005

In order to improve inefficient and unproductive factors and in response to criticisms of the failure in harbor privatization introduced in 1997, the Korean government introduced the Port Authority system, which is commonly adopted in advanced harbors in the world. This research examined the theoretical background of harbor management system and various cases of harbor management in foreign countries. The desirable introduction of Port Authority system must be preceded by the settlement of problems in harbor structure and operation. In addition, the Port Authority Act, which restricts the autonomy of harbor corporations, should be improved for user-centered Port Authority system. Strategies for the successful introduction of Incheon Port Authority are as follows. Firstly it is required to establish consumer-centered harbor operation system. The second requirement is to activate the harbor logistics industry through the development of nearby logistic complexes led by Port Authority and, by doing so, to promote the development of local economy. Thirdly it is essential to lay the foundation of mutual prosperity through developing profitable businesses by linking localities and harbors, and to suggest a crisis control network for Port Authority and local self-governing bodies to cope jointly with crises in logistics and natural disasters.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.513-518
• /
• 2009

The building HVAC systems generally have very different qualities of performance and durability with the superintendent's interest in or capability of management and maintenance of them. The poor management of these systems finally lead to the shortening of the life expectancy and result in the increase of operating cost and energy consumption due to their low efficiencies. So it is necessary to develop tools to maintain adequately and to operate efficiently various building service equipments in order to cope with actively the global environment problems and energy crises. In this study the LCC based calculation program and package were developed, which could be used for analyses of the economic performance and determination of the reasonable maintenance time and methods of building HVAC systems.

• East Asian Economic Review
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.441-468
• /
• 2020

Capital inflows have a strong presence that influences destination countries' development of institutions, which can in turn help resuscitate a stopped economy and re-attract capital that was lost during crises such as the recent public health crisis. While the previous literature emphasizes the mechanism that foreign investors press or even threaten the local government for change, this paper explores empirically whether institutional improvement can be achieved through the channel that host countries voluntarily reform institutions in anticipation of potential investments predicted by the exogenous geographical and cultural characteristics of the recipient countries. Given that countries with better institutional quality can accumulate larger FDI stocks, we still find that the need for more FDI, in contrast to FPI and debt, gives higher incentives to host countries to strategically improve their institutions before seeking capital overseas. Moreover, the predicted FDI exerts more prominent impacts on institutions on constraining elite than those involved in launching a business, enforcing contracts, and protecting properties. The results imply that a long-run plan for upgrading elite constraint institutions is crucial for a post-pandemic FDI reboot.

• Economic Analysis
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.70-99
• /
• 2019

Using a stochastic volatility-in-mean VAR model consisting of the KOSPI index, the foreign exchange rate, the government bond rate, and the credit spread, this study investigates the effects of financial market uncertainty on financial markets. We find that higher uncertainty has recessionary effects on financial markets. The effects are especially stronger in equity markets and in won-dollar exchange markets. We also find that the effects of uncertainty become stronger during times of financial market stress compared to normal times. Finally, the results imply that financial market uncertainty may potentially affect the real sector, too.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.56-68
• /
• 2003

The objects of this study are to find out (1) real situation of the food supply in prison under Imperial Government of Japan more cleary (historical meaning) and (2) which might help in understanding wrong present food consumption patterns in Korea which causes environmental as well as health problems. It is generally known that the length of the Japanese occupation for Korea is 36 years. However, it is concluded in this study that it was longer (70 years ; from 1875 to 1945 from when Japanese Army attacked and occupied Yungjongdo and Kanghwado island to e time when they were defeated on World War II.) Korea was annexed by Japan in 1910 then the Imperial Government of Japan dismissed the Korea Army, controlled the Office of Justice and the management of prison by force. Since then about 50% of all land was fell into Japanese Government ownership and 80% of Korean farmers became as tenant. After this change, Korea farmers were forced to pay extremely high rent (up to 80% of its harvest). Forced immigration, low price procurement of grain by Japanese government up to more than 30%of their production, was practiced. Accordingly, the food situation of Korean farmers became miserable, which may caused more violations of Imperial Japanese Law. Malnutrition, epidemic diseases, mortality rate of infants soared and average life expectancy shortened to 20-30 years old. This was the period of World Economic Crises and Food Crises in Japan. It was said then that if one Japanese comes to Korea then 200 Koreans will starved to death. Meanwhile, Proconsul Bureau of Chosun requested to the Department of Medicine, the Imperial University of Kyungsung to survey food supply situation of Koreans in prison throughout Korea. Objectives of the survey then was not only to find out scientifically whether it is agreeable in maintaining prisoner's health and also find out the possibility to save food during food crisis. Survey was started from 1923 and ended in 1945, and it focussed on prisoners in the Seodaemoon Prison. This report is the outcome of the first survey. They concluded that the food supplied was nutritionally (had) no problem, in compare with those of workers in the factory, students in the dormitory in Japan and with those of prisoners in Taiwan, France and Germany. Amount of grain supplied were different according to their work lord and was divided into 9 different levels. Total grain was consisted of 50% millet, 30% soybean and 20% indica rice(variety). However, there were no difference in the amount of supply of side dishes between work groups. For the highest working group, 3280g of boiled grain per day was supplied to make stomach full but as a side dishes, salty fermented bean paste, fermented fish and salty soups, etc. was supplied. Deficiency of animal protein were observed, however, high intake of soybean may possibly caused animal protein deficiency problem. On the contrary, the intake of water soluble vitamins were insufficient but the level of calcium and iron intake seems to be sufficient, however, imbalance of intake of nutrition may caused low absorbtion rate which might caused malnutrition. High intake of dietary fiber and low intake of cholesterol may possibly prohibited them from so called modem disease but may caused the defect in disease resistancy againist epidemics and other traditional disease. Over intake of salt(20-30g per day) was observed. Surveyors who attended in this survey, mentioned that the amount of food intake may nutritionally be sufficient enough but the quality of food(and possibly, the taste of food) were like that of animal feed. For the officials who received this report might consider that considering the war situation and food crisis, the supply situation of food in the prison may considered to be good enough(because they are not starving). But as a Korean who studied this report, one feel extremely pity about those situation because (situation of) those period were very harsh under the Imperial Law and keeping the Law by Koreans were almost impossible, therefore, about one third adult violated the Law and were put into jail. And they were treated like animals.

• Advances in Energy Research
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 2014

Small Hydro-Power (SHP) is an environmental friendly technology. Usually hydro power generation projects are viewed as constructing large dams and reservoirs but available new research and engineering techniques have helped hydro power generation without large dams and without large reservoirs. In India, there are several water installations, irrigation dams, canals, streams or running rivers not tapped to generate power. In these cases the existing system and facilities can help in generating power with less investment and time. This area is yet unexplored. Harnessing a stream for hydroelectric power is a major undertaking for the energy crises and the global issues to go green. In this technical note a potential site for mini hydro power plant nearby Shoolini University is identified and examined for the economic feasibility.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.4 no.6
• /
• pp.449-454
• /
• 2010

Recent economic changes throughout the world, either development or crises and recessions, have prompted a host of nutrition related problems, including a decreased prevalence of undernutrition, an increase in the prevalence of diet related diseases, widespread food insecurity as crop prices increase, and so on. In addition, evidence is mounting that suggests that exposure to poor nutrition early in life is a predisposing factor for chronic diseases in adulthood. Thus, the role of international or community nutrition professionals is vital to not only studying and understanding the interplay between economics, food policy, and health, but also to improving the ability to intervene and prevent many problems related to food insecurity in developed and developing countries. The purpose of this review is to outline and describe these issues as a means to open discussion on how to best alleviate major nutrition problems in the world.