• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제42권11호
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• pp.989-1004
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 마름/젖음 영역을 가지는 복잡한 자연하천에 대해 마름/젖음 처리를 위해 개발된 격자재구성 기법의 적용성을 검토하는 것이다. 자연하천에 대한 모형의 적용성과 검증을 위해 개발된 모형을 마름/젖음 영역을 갖는 한강 구간과 낙동강 구간에 적용하였다. 모의 결과를 실측치와 비교한 결과 실측치와 비교적 잘 일치함을 확인할 수 있었고 상용 모형인 RMA-2 모형의 모의결과와 비교해서도 안정되고 정확한 해를 주는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과를 오염물질의 이송-확산해석, 토사이송해석 등과 연계되어 해석된다면 하천에서의 흐름 해석 및 생태 수리 분야에 효과적으로 응용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2003

국내 과채류에 등록된 농약의 독성 및 토양잔류시험성적 등을 이용하여 포장에서 사용되는 농약에 대하여 환경영향 평가가 가능한 환경영향지수 모델을 만들고자 수행하였다 환경영향과 관련된 주요 평가 항목은 농작업자, 소비자, 생태계 및 환경영향항목으로 구성하였으며, 환경영향 평가는 rating 방식을 채택하여 환경영향지수 공식을 만들어서 사용하였다. 작물별 환경영향 지수는 참외에 등록된 농약이 농작업자, 소비자 및 환경에 대한 영향 지수가 다른 작물에 비하여 약간 높았고, 생태계에서는 고추에 등록된 농약이 가장 높았다. 또한 농약종류별 환경영향 지수를 비교한 결과는 살충제>상균제>제초제>생장조정제 순으로 높았으며, 전반적으로 과채류에 등록된 농약의 환경영향지수는 점차적으로 감소하는 추세였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2020

본 연구는 눈측백 자생지의 식생과 환경요인을 분석하여 향후 보전과 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 수행되었다. 눈측백은 해발고도 1,000~1,588 m에 자생하고 있으며, 경사는 10~30°로 대부분 북사면에 군락을 이루고 있었다. 6개 지역 내 22개 방형구에서 150분류군의 관속식물이 확인되었다. 눈측백자생지의 흉고단면적은 가리왕산지역이 49.98 ㎡/㏊로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 화악산지역이 3.46 ㎡/㏊으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 군집분석에 의해 2개의 군집(분비나무-주목군집, 사스래나무-눈측백 군집)으로 구분되었으며, MRPP 검정 결과 군집은 유의성 있게 구별되는 것으로 나타났다. 지표종 분석은 분비나무-주목군집에서만 나타났으며, 유의한 종으로는 분비나무, 주목, 귀룽나무, 좀나도히초미, 만년석송, 애기괭이밥 등 총 8분류군으로 분석되었다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2018

멸종위기종 미호종개 C. choii의 생태학적 특징을 밝히고 복원의 기초자료를 확보하기 위해 섭식생태를 충청남도 청양군 청남면 인양리의 금강지류 지천에서 조사를 실시하였다. 미호종개는 3월부터 10월까지 활동기로, 11월부터 2월까지는 월동기로 나누어졌으며, 활동기에는 주행성 어류로 기질 (모래) 밖으로 나와 활동하였다. 소화관내용물을 상대중요성 지수 (index of relative importance, IRI)로 분석한 결과, 파리목 (Diptera) 69.9%, 요각목 (Copepoda) 23.2%, 꽃병벌레과 (Arcellidae) 2.3%, 새각목 (Branchiopoda) 2.0%, 유영목(Ploima) 2.0% 등의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 크기가 작은 당년생 치어(0년생)는 유영목과 새각목을 주로 섭식하였으나, 성어(2~3년생)는 크기가 큰 깔다구과(Chironomidae)를 주로 섭식하여 차이를 보였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2013

The correlation between disturbance intensity and stand development was evaluated on the basis of natural forest community type classification in areas of Baekhaksan (more disturbed area) and Hwangaksan (less disturbed area). The vegetation data were collected by point-centered quarter sampling method, and they were subjected to cluster analysis for classifying community types and to analysis of species composition and species diversity for reviewing ecological characteristics. By the method of cluster analysis, natural forests of Baekhaksan were classified into Quercus forest community, Pinus densiflora community, Q. variabilis community, and Q. mongolica community. Those of Hwangaksan were divided into P. densiflora community, Q. mongolica community, Q. forest community, and Mixed mesophytic community. It is presumed that more developed and less disturbed forest area shows multiple species community pattern and more diversified structure than less developed and more disturbed forest area. In Korean peninsula, the abundance of red pine may play an important indicator to estimate the developmental pattern of the forest after artificial disturbance. The overall evaluation indicated that less disturbed Hwangaksan area had more developed stand pattern with mixed mesophytic community, more complicated species composition, and higher species diversity than Baekhaksan area.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the resource allocation among the organs and the leaf morphology of Polygonatum humile. The data were collected from June 2014 to May 2015 in a natural P. humile stand of a temperate forest gap. Results: The dry weight of new rhizome ($R_0$) sharply decreased to the time of new shoot sprouting in next year and was constant for 2 ~ 3 years. However, dry weight of root on $R_0$ increased to the end of growth season and, thereafter, decreased slowly along the time elapsed. The correlation coefficients between the rhizome and the leaf sizes were 0.5 for the last year's rhizome ($R_1$) and 0.6 for $R_0$ and were significant at 0.1% level for $R_0$. The increase of one leaf a plant led to increase of the total leaf area, total leaf weight, and stem length. Moreover, the organ sizes' differences between two plants of the one leaf difference were almost significant at 1% level. In 11-leaf plant, the leaf length/width ratio and specific lea area increased to the second, relative leaf area to the fourth and relative leaf dry weight to the fifth, and thereafter, decreased to the last leaf. The differences in the values of these four parameters between two leaves on a stem were almost significant at 5% level. Conclusion: P. humile examined showed the close relationships between the last year's rhizome or this year's one and the shoot system (leaf and stem) sizes. The leaf number a shoot greatly influenced specific leaf area. P. humile's leaf might showed diverse morphology with leaf rank on a stem in a forest gap environment.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2019

Background: The Northern Hemisphere forest ecosystem is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide, and the subalpine zone stores large amounts of carbon; however, their magnitude and distribution of stored carbon are still unclear. Results: To clarify the carbon distribution and carbon budget in the subalpine zone at volcanic Jeju Island, Korea, we report the C stock and changes therein owing to vegetation form, litter production, forest floor, and soil, and soil respiration between 2014 and 2016, for three subalpine forest ecosystems, namely, Abies koreana forest, Taxus cuspidata forest, and Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii forest. Organic carbon distribution of vegetation and NPP were bigger in the A. koreana forest than in the other two forests. However, the amount of soil organic carbon distribution was the highest in the J. chinensis var. sargentii forest. Compared to the amount of organic carbon distribution (AOCD) of aboveground vegetation (57.15 t C ha^-1) on the subalpine-alpine forest in India, AOCD of vegetation in the subalpine forest in Mt. Halla was below 50%, but AOCD of soil in Mt. Halla was higher. We also compared our results of organic carbon budget in subalpine forest at volcanic island with data synthesized from subalpine forests in various countries. Conclusions: The subalpine forest is a carbon reservoir that stores a large amount of organic carbon in the forest soils and is expected to provide a high level of ecosystem services.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.400-420
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• 2019

The aims of the study were to analyze (1) the effects of Prosopis juliflora (Prosopis) on the spatial distribution and soil seed banks (SSB) diversity and density, (2) the effects of environmental factors on SSB diversity and density (number of seeds in the soil per unit area), and (3) the effects of animal fecal droppings on SSB diversity, density, and dispersal. Aboveground vegetation data were collected from different Prosopis-infested habitats from quadrats (20 × 20 m) in Prosopis thickets, Prosopis + native species stand, non-invaded woodlands, and open grazing lands. In each Prosopis-infested habitats, soil samples were collected from the litter layer and three successive soil layer, i.e., 0-3 cm, 3-6 cm, and 6-9 cm. Seeds from soil samples and animal fecal matter were separated in the green house using the seedling emergence technique. Invasion of Prosopis had significant effects on the soil seed bank diversity. Results revealed that the mean value of the Shannon diversity of non-invaded woodlands was being higher by 19.2%, 18.5%, and 11.0% than Prosopis thickets; Prosopis + native species stand and open grazing lands, respectively. The seed diversity and richness, recovered from 6-9-cm-deep layer were the highest. On the other hand, the density of Prosopis seeds was the highest in the litter layer. About 156 of seeds/kg (92.9%) of seeds were germinated from cattle fecal matter. However, in a small proportion of seedlings, 12 of seeds/kg (7.1%) were germinated from shot fecal matter. Thus, as the seeds in the soil were low in the study areas, in situ and ex situ conservation of original plants and reseeding of persistent grass species such as Cynodon dactylon, Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon plumulosus, and Brachiaria ramosa are recommended.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1970

강원도산(江原道産) 적송림(赤松林)중 우량임분(優良林分)을 대상으로 해서 지위지수곡선(地位指數曲線)을 작성(作成)해 보았고 이에 대한 비평을 가했다. 시료관계(試料關係)로 기준연령(基準年令)을 25년(年)으로 잡았다. 작성방법(作成方法)으로서는 삼군분할법(三群分割法)을 적용했다. 다음에는 입목밀도(立木密度)를 검토(檢討)했는데 11개(個) plot의 입목도(立木度)는 기왕(旣往)의 수확표(收穫表)의 그것에 비해서 훌륭한 상태(狀態)에 있었다. 미국의 라이넥캐의 표준밀도에 비교한 이곳 적송임분(赤松林分)의 흉고직경(胸高直徑)대 단위면적(單位面積)당의 입목임수관계(立木林藪關係)를 제공했다. 이것을 보면 강원도적송림(江原道赤松林)의 밀도(密度)는 대단히 우량(優良)한 것으로 결론(結論)된다. 점밀도(點密度)로서 재적추정(材積推定)을 한다는 것은 신뢰성(信賴性)이 낮은 것이라는 토의(討議)를 가했고 조림학적(造林學的)인 또는 생태학적(生態學的)인 주요성으로 점밀도(點密度)의 개념을 선명했고 3가지 가설집단에 대해서 그 내용(內容)의 일단(一端)을 분석(分析)했다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2002

This research is related to the evaluation of rural amenities. Since the UR negotiations, the wave of market liberalization has brought many difficulties to the rural areas. This paper serves to identify a number of important elements such as socialization, cultural and ecological resources and investigate the viability of rural areas. The purpose of this study is to evaluate rural amenities by evaluation indices and establish planning direction of amenities for rural areas. The data have been collected by methods of a field survey and a questionnaire survey. The evaluation indices have been defined as socialization, safety, amenity and convenience by several researches. Villages have been divided into two groups. Seven(Shimchon, Ibaek, Muan, Dokpyong-li, Imchin-li Hyangyang-li, Wonwol-li) have been newly constructed, six(baeksa, Mokmyon, yongho-li, shindyae-li, hwangdun·songgae) have been redeveloped. There are considerable differences in the degree of satisfaction between he two groups. The results are as follows: 1) socialization is very necessary for amenities in rural villages. Especially the values of the resident's interactions and management of the village are most important in the preparation of an amenity plan in rural areas. So the plans and establishment of public facilities are requisite for the residents community. 2) The convenience of rural public facility plans is necessary for the improvement of the farmers'living conditions. For planning the rural villages, special regards are paid to characteristics of the village, such as the former place of residence and occupations. 3) Newly constructed village should improve their socialization and the redeveloped types should try to get a better life for amenity and safety, The residents of the redeveloped types show relatively high degree of satisfaction with indices of resident community, living convenience facilities, and management of village. On the contrary, amenity and safety are good in newly constructed types. This study has taken into consideration the characteristics of rural villages. It makes a contribution to the redevelopment of rural villages and improves amenities in rural villages. It is recommended that more studies classify the resources of rural areas and measure amenities which are significant to city dwellers in the future.