• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.28-28
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• 2023

Most countries worldwide are finding it difficult to make decisions regarding the utilization of water resources and the ecological flow protection of rivers because of serious water shortages and global climate warming. To overcome this difficulty, accurate ecological flow processes and protected ecological objectives are required. Since the introduction of the concept, ecological flow calculations have been developed for more than 60 years. This technical development has always been dominated by countries such as the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. The technical applications, however, vary substantially worldwide. Some countries, for instance, did not readjust the method because of a lack of understanding of the ecological effect or because they failed to achieve elaborate scheduling. Mostly, readjustments were not made because the users could not make their choices from among numerous methods for ecological flow. This paper presents three research results based on a systematic review of 240 methods with clear connotation boundaries. First, the ecological flow algorithm was developed along with the scientific and technological progress in the river ecosystem theory, ecohydrological relationship, and characterization and simulation of hydrological and hydrodynamic processes. In addition, the basis of the method has evolved from the hydrological process of the ecosystem, hydraulics-habitat conditions, and social development interference to whole ecosystem simulation. Second, 240 methods were classified into 50 sub-categories to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages according to the ecological flow algorithms of hydrology, hydraulics, habitat, and other comprehensive methods. According to this evaluation, 60% of the methods were not suitable for further application, including the method based on the percentage of natural runoff. Furthermore, the applicability of the remaining methods was presented according to the evaluation based on the aspects of allocation of water resources, water conservancy project scheduling, and river ecological evaluation. Third, In the future, most developing countries should strengthen the guarantee of high-standard ecological flow via a coordination mechanism for the ecological flow guarantee established under a sustainable framework or via an ecological protection pattern at the national level according to the national system. Concurrently, a reliable ecological flow demand process should also be established on the basis of detailed investigation and research on the relationship between river habitats, ecological hydrology, and ecological hydraulics. This will ensure that the real-time evaluation of ecological flow forces the water conservancy project scheduling and accurate allocation of water.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.216-216
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• 2015

Frequent hydro-meteorological events caused by global climate change and human exacerbate activities, make the water resource problem more complicated. The increasing speed urbanization brings a significant impact on the city flood control and security, water supply safety, water ecological security, water environment safety and the water engineering security in China, and puts forward higher requirements to urban water integrated management, undoubtedly which become the biggest obstacle for water ecological civilization construction, thus urgent requiring an advanced methods to enhance the effectiveness of the water integrated management. The other fields of smart ideas point out a development path for water resource development. The construction demand of smart water resource is expounded in the paper, combining the philosophy of modern Internet of things with the application of cloud computing technology. The concept of smart water resource is analyzed, the connotation characteristics of smart water resource is extracted, and the general model of smart water resource is refined. Then, the frame structure of smart water resource is put forward. The connotation and the overall framework of the smart water resource represent a higher level of water resource informationization development and provide a comprehensive scientific and technological support to transform water resource management from an extensive, passive, static, branch and traditional management to a fine, active, dynamic, collaborative and modern management.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.263-280
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• 2023

This study examined four ecological systems, namely individual, family, school, and media environments. A series of moderator analyses were conducted to examine variations in effect size estimates across the study characteristics. The current study estimated that the effect size results were gleaned from 360 primary studies, including 90 journal articles and 270 thesis/dissertations, published between 2011 and 2022. The current meta-analysis results supported the ecological framework. That is, the impact of each ecological system on the development of positive and negative peer relationships varies depending on age groups and protective-risk factors. Specifically, for positive peer relationships, the largest effect size of the protective factor was found at the individual level for young and school- aged children, but at the school level for adolescents. Regarding the risk factors for positive peer relationships, the media was the ecological system with the strongest effect size for both young children and adolescents, while the individual-level demonstrating the strongest effect for school-aged children. Results from this meta-analysis allow us to identify some vital intervention areas in terms of healthy peer-relationship development, which should be of considerable interest to the educators and policymakers who are responsible for assessing and intervening with at-risk young children, school-aged children, and adolescents. From a practical standpoint, the current meta-analysis results are expected to contribute to developing effective prevention initiatives by targeting specific protective and risk factors for peer relationship development on the ecological system level.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2012

In this paper, the requirements for information security are presented in the ubiquitous ecological(u-Eco) city. The various definition of ubiquitous city is analyzed first, the concept of the u-Eco City, services and major projects are then presented. The framework of the integrated operating center for u-Eco city is proposed, the privacy, data security and network facility protection in the center are analyzed. Unlike to previously proposed security algorithms, the light-weight encoding algorithms(such as block/stream encoding, pseudo-random generator, hash function, and public key encoding) in the u-Eco city center are required to communicate the information in the ubiquitous sensor network. Furthermore, the principal policies guaranteeing the secrecy and authentication for the private information are also presented.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.567-580
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• 2017

This study explored the influence of adolescent depression on adult media addiction by examining Bronfenbrenner's ecological perspective. The ecological perspective is a useful framework to identify the link between youths' interacting subjects in the ecological environment. It can also be used to understand adolescent problems and addiction behaviors. The current study examined the influence of parents, peers, and teachers on adult media addiction and depression with a focus on micro-systems that have the greatest influence on adolescents among various environmental systems. We analyzed 568 participants who reported exposure to adult media. SPSS 20.0 was used to conduct a descriptive analysis of the data; AMOS 19.0 was used to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results of study are as follows. First, parental abuse and peer alienation significantly increases depression. Second, peer communication significantly decreases depression. Third, parental monitoring and parental affection significantly decreased adult media addiction. Fourth, parental abuse, peer alienation, and depression significantly increased adult media addiction. This study is meaningful in that it examines the influence of parent, peer, and teacher relationships among adolescents on adult media addiction and depression. This study can be helpful to understand adult media addiction and depression among Korean adolescents.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.277-294
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to analyze big data structure and various objects in big data industry based on ecological perspective. Big data is rapidly emerging as a highly valuable resource to secure competitiveness of enterprise and government. Accordingly, the main issues in big data are to find ways of creating economic value and solving various problems. However big data is not systematically organized, and hard to utilize as it constantly expands to related industry such as telecommunications, finance and manufacturing. Under this circumstance, it is crucial to understand range of big data industry and to which stakeholders are related. The ecological approach is useful to understand comprehensive industry structure. Therefore this study aims at confirming big data structure and finding issues from interaction among objects. Results of this study show main framework of big data ecosystem including relationship among object elements composing of the ecosystem. This study has significance as an initial study on big data ecosystem. The results of the study can be useful guidelines to the government for making systemized big data ecosystem and the entrepreneur who is considering launching big data business.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.68
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• pp.205-241
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• 2021

This article explores how to incorporate the topic of the global environmental crisis called the "anthropocene" into archives studies and connect it to ecological practical reasons. In order to encourage discussion of archival studies, which puts the environmental crisis at a kind of archive constant value, this study seeks to examine the possibility of a quality shift in archival studies based on ecology. This article aims to go beyond the pragmatism of preparing improvements to eco-friendly record management, which is recently claimed by the "Green Archive" in Western archival studies. It calls for a new concept called 'ecological archive', which theoretically combines a more archives-based and ecological paradigm, and its epistemological transformation. Specifically, the ecological approach of archives is first discovered in the discussion of archival studies and at the same time, through the "ecological turn" of archives emphasized by recent anthropocene discourses, the concept of "ecological archive" emphasized by this article is embodied. This study uses 'ecological archive' as a universal and theoretical framework for archives as a basic concept for building ecological 'living' archives. In other words, for the construction of ecological archives, we reinterpret and extend so-called democratic values for archives, i.e., post-custodianship, community archives, and archives of emotions. Finally, the records of foot-and-mouth disease killing burial sites, an important site and example of the anthropocene tragedy, exemplifies the methodology of the actual application of ecological living archives. The case analysis aims to seek a new qualitative shift in record management that adapts to global ecological transformation, while also emphasizing the documentation by archival activism in ecological field practices jointly organized by archivists and citizens.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.503-515
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• 2023

The disconnection and fragmentation of ecological spaces that occur during the development process pose a significant threat to biodiversity. Urban center areas with high development pressure are particularly susceptible to low connectivity due to a scarcity of ecological space. This issue tends to be more pronounced in larger cities.To address this challenge, continuous efforts are needed to assess and improve the current state of ecological space connectivity at the level of individual projects and urban management. However, there is a lack of discussion regarding the analysis and improvement of ecological connectivity in metropolitan cities In line with this objective, this study evaluated the connectivity of ecological spaces in the city centers of Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejeon, and Ulsan. The evaluation revealed that city centers exhibited lower connectivity of ecological spaces compared to their peripheries or the overall city. In addition, in the ecological network analysis that reflected regional characteristics, such as the species distribution model conducted on Daejeon, 510 optimal paths connecting forests of more than 1ha were derived. This study is significant as an example of deriving an ecological network based on regional characteristics, including quantitative figures necessary for establishing goals to improve urban ecological connectivity and biodiversity. It is anticipated that the results can be utilized to propose directions for enhancing ecological connectivity in environmental impact assessments or urban management and to establish an evaluation framework.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.27
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• pp.59-67
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to propose the methodology for introducing green infrastructure that can improve the health of citizens by promoting walkability. The methodology is composed of the following three phases: classification of the types of green spaces, selection of core green spaces with two separate analyses, and introduction of the framework of green infrastructure to promote walkability. In the first phase, the classification of the types of green spaces was carried out in order to understand existing distribution pattern of green spaces in study site. In the second phase, walkable blocks were selected by such methods as walkability value. Through these two analyses, all the blocks were divided into three groups according to the ranking figured up the second analyses' results. The blocks in the first group, the group involved in the top 30% and having the greatest ranking, were defined as walkable blocks. In the last phase, a basic frame of the green infrastructure in study site was introduced by connecting the walkable blocks with using other blocks and the green spaces over 1ha. In case study, 28 important green spaces and 35 walkable blocks were selected through the two analysis process. Then, the basic framework of green infrastructure based on the selected 28 important green spaces and 35 walkable blocks was introduced. The methodology applied to this study can be used to get the best selections of the proper green infrastructure in accordance with the purpose of the ecological and recreational local development. In particular, this study will suggest a specific analysis model to use for the ecological and walkable urban planning with green spaces existing in the city.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-146
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• 2017

This study aimed to develop strategies to re-establish the Park Nature Conservation Area in Bukhansan National Park, reflecting landscape ecological value by using the zonation program Marxan with Zones. Planning unit was set by watershed, and the basic data were mapped, considering topographical and ecological values. Mapped indicators were analyzed with the application framework of Marxan with Zones by indexing some indicators. The zones divided into Park Nature Conservation Area (Zone A), Park Nature Environment Area I(Zone B) which is reflected on the concept of Potential Park Nature Conservation Area and Park Nature Environment Area II(Zone C). The best solution for each of the scenarios was fixed through the sensitiveness analysis. From these, the final solution was selected considering five criteria including area ratio of conservation area and grouping. Lastly, the final solution was verified in the overlapped analysis with recent zonation. According to the results, the number of watersheds was 77, with an average area of $1,007,481m^2$. In terms of basic mapping and indexation, the slope index and number of landscape resources for topographical property were average 0.22 and 38 places, respectively. Biotope index was average 0.69 and legally protected species was 14 species, reflecting ecological values. As the social and economic indicators, trail index was average 0.04, and the number of tour and management facilities was 43 places. Through the framework of Marxan with Zones, the best solution for scenario 1 which was set by the highest conservation criteria was selected as the final solution, and the area ratio of Park Nature Conservation Area and grouping was excellent. As the result of overlapped analysis, suggested zonation of the Park Nature Conservation was better than the recent zonation in the area raito (28.3%), biotope grade I(15.4%) and the distribution points (10 places) of legally protected species with verification of proper distribution of conservation features according to the zone.