• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.256-262
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• 2011

Currently among the several methods to estimate an environmental impact of products, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique is mostly used. The Ministry of Environment has been performed the carbon footprint labelling to give the carbon record of product by using this method. But the calculation of carbon footprint in primary agricultural product which is raw material of the processed food cannot be made because there is lack of methodology and LCI DB at agriculture sector. Therefore, LCA carried out to estimate carbon footprint, and established LCI DB for complex fertilizers (21-17-17 1 kg, 17-21-17 1 kg, 15-15-15 1 kg, Unspecified 1 kg) in the production system. The result of LCI DB analysis focussed on the GHG, and it was observed that the values of carbon footprint were $2.42E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for 21-17-17, $2.10E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for 17-21-17, $2.23E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for 15-15-15 and $3.56E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for Unspecified. For the analysis of LCIA (Life Cycle Impact Assessment) on complex fertilizers in the production system, the carbon footprint from pre-manufacturing phase is contributed to 98.96%, 98.81%, 98.88% and 99.30% on each complex fertilizer with 21-17-17, 17-21-17, 15-15-15, and Unspecified, respectively. These results will be used in basic data for estimation of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-50
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• 1999

The purpose of this paper is to offer policies or laws governing the future of Korean seafood markets in view of societal marketing concept. The environment surrounding those markets is changing quickly and constantly. The proposals in this paper are meant to help the Korean seafood market coping with this swiftly changing environment. This paper sorts this changing environment in terms of institutional side and secio-economical side. The institutional side involves the enforcement of international and domestic seafood trade standards, the increase of seafood importation, the adoption of optional seafood sales system, the openness of distribution market, and the adoption of TAC system. The secio-economical side involves the development of telecommunication and transportation, and the changing of seafood consumption pattern. The forecast about the future of seafood market could be classified into three fields, that is, the production field, the distribution field, and the consumption field of seafood. In the production field of seafood, the stabilization of supply of seafood and the production management oriented seafood market could be forecasted. In the distribution field, the formulating of enforced trade standards, the dispersion of marketing function among fisher, wholesaler and retailer, the development of marketing skills, and the promotion of marketing information system could be forecasted. Finally, in consumption field, the promotion of standardization and diversification, the appearance of intellectual consumers could be forecasted. This paper seeks to offer policies or laws fur the three categories of the seafood market-the government, the fisher, and the distributor-coping with the changing environment on the above three fields, thereby benefiting the consumer's long-term welfare. For the government, this paper suggests the construction of a Seafood Transaction Information Infrastructure, a Seafood Dealer License System, and a Seafood Safety Security System. For the fishers, this paper proposes an Eco-labelling System, a Sustainable Production System, and a Real Naming System in dealing seafood. Finally, for the distributors, this paper offers a Seafood Production Controlling System, a Nature-friendly Marketing System, and a Consumer-oriented Marketing System.