• 응용통계연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.709-719
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• 2011

We investigate the latent stage-sequential patterns of drinking behaviors of U.S. adolescents who have started to drink by age 14 years (seven years before the legal drinking age). A multiple-group latent transition analysis(LTA) with logistic regression is employed to identify the subsequent patterns of drinking behaviors among early-onset drinkers. A sample of 1407 early-onset adolescents from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth(NLSY97) is analyzed using maximum-likelihood estimation. The analysis demonstrates that early-onset adolescents' drinking behaviors can be represented by four latent classes and their prevalence and transition are influenced by demographic factors of gender, age, and race.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the role of specialists in child studies by analyzing child-related laws and policies and their service systems. Methods: We analyzed the aims, background, history, and related 5-year-plans in child-related laws and policies and their service delivery systems. Results: There were many difficulties in enforcing consistent policies. First, there was no unified age for implementing child and youth policy. Second, there was no comprehensive long-term policy. Third, many departments were involved. Conclusion: The study findings suggest the future role of specialists in child studies. First, they must take steps to introduce a monitoring system for the proper implementation of the first master plan for child policy. Second, they need to put effort into improving treatment of child-related workers. Third, they have to expand the academic area of child studies by reforming university curricula in a more pragmatic way. Fourth, the procedure to acquire different certifications in child studies and youth studies needs to be affiliated.

• 미국학
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.1-37
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• 2021

J.D. Salinger's 1951 novel, Catcher in the Rye, has generally been known as a story of a young rebel, Holden Caulfield, who tries to break away from reality in the fifties, a decade prevalent with the strict rule and faultfinding culture of what he is taught at school: to simplify and unify. This novel often refers to a journey of an outsider who commits to playing a catcher in the rye, a fantasy world of innocence, infinity, and youth. As the story unfolds, Holden's ontology is rendered to show how vulnerable his affective ontology is to the ideological reality of containment and conformity. This informs how Holden is a pathological character that reifies the performative crisis of the postwar US Cold War ideology. That said, this paper examines the extent to which this novel can be possibly read as a narrative of illness to expose Holden's pathological conditions of illness, hysteria, and psychosis. Thus, it looks at his medical symptoms whose pathogens I attempt to analyze in terms of his affective potential of being ontologically engaged to the historical context, or the political unconscious, of the postwar US in the early Cold War years.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to explore the prevalence of alcohol experiences and to identify the expectancy on the effects of alcohol and alcohol knowledge in early adolescents. Method: The cross-sectional survey of 1854 students from seven middle schools in one district of Seoul was conducted by convenience sampling. Alcohol experience and early onset of alcohol use were measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Alcohol expectancy was measured by an Alcohol Effects Questionnaire. Result: Over sixty five percent of adolescents reported that they had previous drinking experiences. The participants with no alcohol drinking experience had a lower level of alcohol knowledge than those with experience(t=2.73, p=.007). In expectancy on effects of alcohol, girls had a more positive alcohol expectation than boys(t=-2.54, p=.011). Alcohol knowledge negatively correlated with alcohol expectancy(r=-.40 p=.000). In regression of alcohol expectancy, gender and alcohol knowledge were significant predictors explaining 17%. Conclusion: The results support that alcohol expectancy is an important link with early drinking experiences and alcohol knowledge, focusing on the importance of gender differences. Therefore, an alcohol prevention program in early adolescence is needed and should be focused on multidimensionality of the alcohol expectancy with developmental and psychosocial factors for early adolescents.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify differential impacts on smoking and drinking behaviors according to early menarche. Methods: 31,277 Korean female adolescents who had undergone menarche were included. Among them, 1,822 participants(5.8%) who experienced menarche in elementary school under 4th grade were assigned to early menarche group and others were was assigned normal menarche group. Using 11th(2015) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: Adjusted confounding variables were analyzed and it was found that both drinking and smoking behaviors were higher in early menarche group. The participants with early menarche showed higher risk of non-daily smoking(OR=1.39, 95%CI=1.18-1.63), light daily smoking(OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.14-2.35) and moderate-to-heavy daily smoking(OR=3.15, 95%CI=2.02-4.92). Also, in the drinking behaviors, the risk of light and heavy drinking was higher than those of normal menarche group. Conclusions: Finding of this study showed Early menarche adolescents were associated with heavy smoking and drinking behaviors compared to normal menarche. Further studies are needed more evaluations.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2018

본 연구는 청소년의 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위해 서베이 연구방법을 사용하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모와 청소년 자녀의 심리적인 거리감을 좁히고 가족 내에서 더욱 화합하기 위한 각 가정에서의 노력이 필요하며, 부모 자녀 간에 때때로 무심코 가해지는 신체적, 언어적인 폭력을 의식적으로 줄여야 한다. 둘째, 자살시도를 하는 청소년이 발생할 때, 학교나 교육기관, 지역사회의 상담관련 기관에서는 청소년의 위기상황에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있도록 해야 하며, 자살예방교육 및 자살태도 교육 등 그 후속조치를 반드시 실시하여 청소년들의 모방 자살이나 충동적인 자살생각을 줄일 수 있도록 노력하여야 한다. 셋째, 청소년의 자살예방 및 관련 프로그램을 개발할 때 이를 고려한 차별화된 프로그램과 자살예방 교육을 시도해야 할 것이다. 넷째, 학교밖 청소년에게도 실시할 수 있는 체계를 마련하여 우울이 높은 청소년을 조기에 발견하여 개입하는 것이 청소년의 자살생각을 예방하는 데에 필요하리라 본다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.482-493
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the individual and environmental factors related to emotional/behavioral problems to early adolescence in Korea by applying multilevel modeling. Methods: From the database of the 2014 Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS), the researchers selected 1,977 adolescents who are in the second year of middle school. Multilevel model analysis was performed to estimate the impact of relevant factors at the individual and environmental levels. Results: At the individual level, the significant factors associated with emotional/behavioral problems included BMI and study tendency in boys, and drinking, study tendency and economic levels in girls. At the environmental level, the significant factor associated with emotional/behavioral problems included relationship with the teacher. Conclusion: The emotional/behavioral problems of early adolescence are influenced not only by the individual factors but also by the environment factor. Therefore, the environment surrounding the adolescents should also be considered to prevent emotional/behavioral problems.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.201-226
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• 2013

외환위기 이후 청년실업의 증가가 사회적 문제로 부각되었으나, 청년층의 노동시장 경험에 관한 연구는 제한적으로 이루어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 노동경력을 단순한 일자리 이동과 달리 노동지위의 연속적 배열과 순서적이고 위계적인 변화과정으로 개념화하였으며, 배열분석을 활용하여 외환위기 전후 청년층의 노동경력을 노동지위의 다양한 측면에서 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 외환위기 이후 첫 일자리로의 이행기간이 장기화되고 고용형태와 사업장 규모 면에서 첫 일자리의 질적 저하가 발생하였음이 확인되었다. 또한 외환위기 이후 청년 코호트는 미취업형과 실업형, 비대기업형, 비정규직형 및 이동형 특성을 갖는 경력유형에 속할 상대적 위험률이 높았다. 이러한 결과는 전반적으로 외환위기 이후 청년층의 고용불안정성이 더 커졌으며, 내부노동시장형에 비해 외부노동시장형 경력유형이 상대적으로 증가한 것을 의미한다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.163-176
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• 2020

Longitudinal studies have shown mixed findings on the association between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem among adolescents. This study examined the longitudinal, reciprocal influences between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem among Korean pre- and early adolescents by using nationally representative longitudinal panel data from the Korean Youth Panel Study (KYPS). Analyses based on 2,230 participants indicated that girls' body image dissatisfaction was significantly higher than boys'. The trajectory of body image dissatisfaction increased sharply during pre- and early adolescence, but stabilized afterwards for both boys and girls. Self-esteem deteriorated rapidly initially, but began to recover as adolescent girls and boys matured. Structural equation modeling showed that reciprocal influences between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem were detected for boys. Body image dissatisfaction among girls predicted self-esteem during the entire period, while the opposite direction from self-esteem to body image dissatisfaction emerged two years later. The present study found that, during pre- and early adolescence, body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem develop in a circular fashion by forming a vicious cycle. Implications for the development of intervention and prevention programs are discussed in consideration of age and gender.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2006

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of health risk behaviors by gender and grade and to examine the correlation between health risk behaviors and self-efficacy in early adolescents. Method: The sample of this study consisted of 1.693 early adolescents recruited from 7 middle schools in S-Gu, Seoul, Korea. Health risk behaviors were measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBS). Self-Efficacy was assessed by General Self-Efficacy (GSE). Results: About a third of the subjects had experience in drinking behavior about 19.4% in cigarette smoking (including cases of just one or two puffs), 25.9% in physical fight, 29.1% in thought about killing themselves (suicide-related behavior), 1.5% in drug. More than a half (60.5%) experienced at least one health risk behavior. Female students were more likely to report drinking experience and suicide-related experience. Health risk behaviors were not significantly correlated with self-efficacy in early adolescents. Conclusions: Many early adolescents had experience in health risk behaviors in the past. The findings of this research suggest the necessity of intensive prevention programs in middle school to motivate and prepare students to avoid these behaviors. In addition, these results may help health professionals plan appropriate screening and counselling for health problems in early adolescents.