• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 1998

Various effects of simulated acid rain by $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$ with pH 3.2, 4.2 and 5.6 were investigated in Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb, a biennial legume dominating the disturbed and poor soil vegetations. The nitric acid treatment of pH 3.2 resulted in 121% increase of the plant height compared to that of pH 5.6 during early growth, although 17% decrease was detected with the sulfuric acids. During 14 days of treatment, leaf biomass and chlorophyll content increased 168% and 133% with pH 3.2 nitric acid rain but decreased 20% and 38%, respectively, with sulfuric acid rain. Nitrogen content in various organs was also determined after 42 days of nitric acid treatment. It increased 480% and 387% by pH 3.2 and 4.2 in leaves, 212% and 214% in stems and 247% and 249% in roots. However, the same treatment with the sulfuric acid showed a considerable reduction in this content, indicating that the nitric acid was a nitrogen source. Nodule formation assayed revealed 15% decrease with pH 3.2 in contrast to 157% increase in pH 4.2, further suggesting an enhancement effect by the additional nitrogen source. Contrary to this, the nodule formation was reduced up to 43-71% by sulfuric acid rains. Specific nitrogen fixation activities of nodules estimated at pH 3.2, 4.2 and 5.6 nitric acid rain were 36.7, 42.8 and 47.3 ${\mu}mol\;C_2H_4{\cdot}g^{-1}\;fw\;nodule{\cdot}h^{-1}$, while those of sulfuric acid rain exhibited 1 nmol $C_2H_4{\cdot}plant^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ with pH 3.2, 177 with pH 4.2 and 179 with pH 5.6, yet it increased 2, 115 and 286 respectively corresponding to the three sulfuric acid concentrations. Further implications of the simulated acied rain were also discussed in the study.

• Hip & pelvis
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to compare patients in whom fixation failure occurred via cut-out (CO) or cut-through (CT) in order to determine patient factors and radiographic parameters that may be predictive of each mechanism. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study includes 18 patients with intertrochanteric (IT) hip fractures (AO/OTA classification 31A1.3) who underwent treatment using a single lag screw design intramedullary nail in whom fixation failure occurred within one year. All patients were reviewed for demographics and radiographic parameters including tip-to-apex distance (TAD), posteromedial calcar continuity, neck-shaft angle, lateral wall thickness, and others. Patients were grouped into cohorts based on the mechanism of failure, either lag screw CO or CT, and a comparison was performed. Results: No differences in demographics, injury details, fracture classifications, or radiographic parameters were observed between CO/CT cohorts. Of note, a similar rate of post-reduction TAD>25 mm (P=0.936) was observed between groups. A higher rate of DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) confirmed osteoporosis (25.0% vs. 60.0%) was observed in the CT group, but without significance. Conclusion: The mechanism of CT failure during intramedullary nail fixation of an IT fracture did not show an association with clinical data including patient demographics, reduction accuracy, or radiographic parameters. As reported in previous biomechanical studies, the main predictive factor for patients in whom early failure might occur via the CT effect mechanism may be related to bone quality; however, conduct of larger studies will be required in order to determine whether there is a difference in bone quality.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.153-158
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was performed retrospectively and to compare the clinical outcomes of the surgical management using Antiglide plating and lateral plating for Danis-Weber type B isolated lateral malleolar fractures. Materials and Methods: Between March 2004 and March 2009, 92 patients were followed up for more than 6 months after surgical treatment. 49 patients were treated with Antiglide plating, whereas the remaining 43 patients underwent lateral plating. The results of the two groups were analyzed both radiographically and clinically using Ankle scoring system. Results: Both groups were comparable for age, sex distribution, time to surgery, and operation time. Bone union was noted at average of 8 weeks in all fractures. The mean ankle score was similar in both groups (94% versus 93%). Conclusion: Antiglide plating for Danis-Weber type B isolated lateral malleolar fracture is one of the good methods which has some advantages such as early ankle motion, ambulation and smaller operative incision.

• 대한관절경학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.66-71
• /
• 1997

The all inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction technique places an anterior ligament substitutes within two bony sockets rather than hone tunnel. This approach is accomplished through arthroscopic three portal which avoids the surgical exposure and morbidity associated with creating traditional bone tunnel. This technique has several distinct advantages when compared with the traditional ACL reconstruction through the bone tunnels. It offers the surgeon a less morbid method for ACL reconstruction that positions an ACL substitute at the anatomic attachment sites of the original ACL with two bone sockets, obviating the need for traditional bone tunnels. Graft fixation at or near the anatomic attachment points of the original ACL minimizes creep with early range of motion and reduces the abrasive 'wind-shield wipe' motion of the graft which occur with bone plugs positioned inside bone tunnels. The sagittal posterior angle to the tibial socket increases fixation strength to pullout with anterior translation force for the tibia on the femur. This technique is not graft specific and can accomodate any graft in which graft length can be customized to the intraarticular native ACL length.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.176-180
• /
• 2003

저 자들은 관절와의 전위 된 횡골절에 대해 관절경 을 이 용하여 골절된 관절면을 확인하면서 골절의 정복을 유지 하고, 견관절경술식에 일 반적으로 사용되는 견봉 바로 외측에 위 치 한 외 측 삽입 구나 또는 견갑상와의 상부 삽입구 (Nevlaser porial)에서 피부를 통해 직경4 mm 타이타늄 유관 해면골 나사를 이 용하여 고정하였다. 관절경을 이 용한 골절 내고정술은 좋은 시 야를 확보할 수 있었고, 최소 침습 수술이므로 작은 연부조직 절개 , 적은 출혈량, 수술후 재활 기간의 단축 및 조기 관절 운동 힌용 등의 여러 장점 을 가지므로 이에 수술 방법과 증례를 보고하는 바이다

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2015

Background: To report the radiological and clinical outcomes of internal fixation using distal clavicle hook plates for distal clavicle fractures. Methods: From April 2008 to December 2012, 32 patients with distal clavicle fractures underwent surgery using an AO hook plate. The reduction was qualified and evaluated according to the radiological findings. The evaluation of the clinical outcomes was performed with the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, the Korean Shoulder score, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score. Results: By radiological evaluation, we found that 31 of 32 patients showed anatomical reduction and solid bone union. Although we obtained satisfactory UCLA scores, Korean Shoulder Scale scores, and VAS pain scores, 12 cases of complications were present. We found 4 cases of osteolysis of the acromion, 1 case of nonunion, 3 cases of periprosthetic fractures, 3 cases of subacromial pain, and 1 case of skin irritation. We performed re-operations in 2 patients. Conclusions: To avoid complications associated with clavicle hook plates, choosing the appropriate hook size and bending of the hook according to the slope of the acromion undersurface is critical. Also, we believe that early removal of clavicle plates may help reduce complications.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2016

The arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is now considered a mainstream technique with highly satisfactory clinical results. However, concerns remain regarding healing failures for large and massive tears and high revision rate. In recent decades, various repair strategies and construct configurations have been developed for rotator cuff repair with the understanding that many factors contribute to the structural integrity of the repaired construct. The focus of biomechanical test in arthroscopic repair has been on increasing fixation strength and restoration of the footprint contact characteristics to provide early rehabilitation and improve healing. These include repaired rotator cuff tendon-footprint motion, increased tendon-footprint contact area and pressure, and tissue quality of tendon and bone. Recent studies have shown that a transosseous tunnel technique provides improved contact area and pressure between rotator cuff tendon and insertion footprint, and the technique of using double rows of suture anchors to recreate the native footprint attachment has been recently described. The transosseous equivalent suture bridge technique has the highest contact pressure and fixation force. In this review, the biomechanical tests about repair techniques of rotator cuff tear will be reviewed and discussed.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.457-471
• /
• 2020

수지는 복잡한 구조와 필수적인 기능을 가진 신체 부위로, 외상에 노출되기 가장 쉬운 부위이다. 수지 골절의 치료 원칙은 적절한 고정으로 골절부의 안정성을 획득하는 것과 안정성을 담보로 한 조기 관절 운동 간의 균형을 신중하게 결정하는 것이다. 치료에도 불구하고 합병증으로 강직이나 변형 등으로 인해 기능적, 미용적 문제가 되는 경우가 많다. 본 종설은 수지 골절 치료의 최신 지견을 소개하고, 치료가 어렵고 결과가 좋지 않은 것으로 알려진 관절면의 손상을 포함한 지절 관절 주위의 골절 및 탈구 위주로 정리하였으며, 치료 증례 소개와 합병증에 대한 접근 및 치료 순서로 기술하였다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제52권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2017

목적: 쇄골 간부 골절의 최소 침습적 경피적 금속판 고정술과 관혈적 고정술에 대한 후향적 분석을 통해 수술 결과를 비교하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2011년 11월부터 2014년 5월까지 쇄골 간부 골절로 수술을 시행한 최소 1년 이상의 추시가 가능하였던 40예에서 최소 침습적 금속판고정술 20예를 A군, 관혈적 고정술 20예를 B군으로 나누어 두 군 간의 수술시간, 골유합, 기능적 평가(American Shoulder and Elbow Society score), 수술 반흔의 길이, 술 후 통증 완화(visual analogue scale) 및 합병증에 대해 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 모든 예에서 골유합이 이루어졌으며, 양 군에서 모두 양호한 결과를 보였다(p>0.05). 평균 수술 시간은 A군에서 47.5분, B군에서 58.7분이었고, 평균 절개의 길이는 A군에서 6.2 cm, B군 10.7 cm로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 술 후 통증의 완화에서도 A군에서 초기 빠른 회복을 보였다. 합병증으로 A군에서 부정유합 1예, 피부 감각이상 2예를 보였으며, B군에서 피부 감각이상 6예 및 수술 반흔에 대한 미용상의 문제가 2예 있었다. 결론: 쇄골 간부 골절에서 A와 B 양 군에서 대체적으로 양호한 결과를 보였으나 A군이 B군에 비해 짧은 수술시간과 수술 절개, 초기 통증 완화 항목들에서 더 좋은 결과를 보였다. 하지만 부정유합, 방사선 노출 등의 합병증 및 장기 추시 결과에 대한 연구가 더 이루어져야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 2016

The present study aimed to determine the influence of various root restriction media on seedling quality and early growth of strawberry after transplanting. The root activity of the seedlings, measured 20 days after fixation, was considerably higher (0.096, 0.090, and $0.063mg{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ at 420, 450, and 480 nm, respectively) in expanded rice hull (ERH) treatment than in the sandy loam and loamy sand treatments. The volumetric water content (VWC) of the root media tested across 3 irrigation regimes (15 d, 30 d, 45 d) in the nursery field was highest in sandy loam (65.0-66.8%), followed by 59.4-61.3% in loamy sand and 38.6-45.3% in ERH. When growth parameters of runner plantlets were compared, ERH treatment was found to result in the highest crown thickness and fresh weights of root and above-ground parts. This had a favorable influence on above-ground tissue growth after transplanting to plastic house soil. As mentioned above, ERH treatment resulted in the highest seedling quality and early growth after transplanting. The results of this study would serve as useful on-site data for the production of high-quality strawberry seedlings.