• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2024

Cherubism is a rare fibro-osseous condition characterized by bilateral expansion of the mandible and maxilla. Due to its rarity, treatment guidelines for cherubism have not been clearly established. Observation without surgical intervention is typically recommended, as cherubism often regresses spontaneously after puberty. However, a surgical intervention may be necessary if aggressive lesions lead to severe complications. In this report, we present a case involving surgical management of cherubism that did not spontaneously regress until early adulthood. An 18-year-old man was diagnosed with cherubism, presenting characteristic upward-looking eyes and a swollen face. He strongly desired surgical management. Gross contouring of the mandible was performed using an osteotome. Subsequently, delicate contouring was performed by bone burring and curettage. The remaining multiple locular bony defects were filled with demineralized bone matrix. No major complications, including infection and hematoma, occurred during the 8-month follow-up period. The facial contour remained stable without the aggravation of cherubism. The patient was satisfied with the cosmetic results. Considering that cherubism is a rare disease globally, with few reported cases in Korea, and that treatment guidelines are not clearly established, we anticipate that the results of this case will contribute to the development of future protocols for treating cherubism.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.249-260
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• 2013

Objectives: Previous observations propose that risk-taking behaviors such as cigarette smoking are prevailing among young people with chronic conditions including diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine whether cigarette smoking is more prevalent among diabetics than non-diabetics and whether it differs by age at the time of diagnosis with diabetes from young adulthood (YAH) to adulthood (AH). Methods: We used US panel data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health Study) during the years 2001 to 2002 (Wave III, YAH) and 2007 to 2008 (Wave IV, AH). Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cigarette use behaviors according to age at the time of diagnosis with diabetes, after adjusting for demographic and selected behavioral factors. Results: Of 12 175 study participants, 2.6% reported having been diagnosed with diabetes up to AH. Early-onset diabetics (age at diagnosis <13 years) were more likely than non-diabetics to report frequent cigarette smoking (smoking on ${\geq}20$ days during the previous 30 days) in YAH (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.27 to 8.79). On the other hand, late-onset diabetics (age at diagnosis ${\geq}13$ years) were more likely than non-diabetics to report heavy cigarette smoking (smoking ${\geq}10$ cigarettes per day during the previous 30 days) in AH (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.30). Conclusions: The current study indicated that diabetics are more likely than non-diabetics to smoke cigarettes frequently and heavily in YAH and AH. Effective smoking prevention and cessation programs uniquely focused on diabetics need to be designed and implemented.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.719-723
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: South Korean's sodium consumption level is more than twice the upper limit level suggested by the WHO. Steep increases in the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Korea necessitate more effective sodium reduction programs. This study was conducted in order to compare sodium intake-related eating behaviors and key psychosocial factors according to age group and gender. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using an online survey, a total of 1,564 adults (20-59 years old) considered to be geographically representative of South Korea were recruited and surveyed. The major outcomes were perceived behaviors, knowledge, intentions, and self-efficacy related to sodium intake. RESULTS: The results show that perceived behavior and level of self-efficacy related to low sodium consumption differed by age and gender. Female participants showed better behavior and intention towards low sodium intake than male counterparts. Young participants in their 20s showed the lowest intention to change their current sodium intake as well as lowest self-efficacy measures. CONCLUSIONS: Future sodium reduction interventions should be developed with tailored messages targeting different age and gender groups. Specifically, interventions can be planned and implemented at the college level or for workers in their early career to increase their intention and self-efficacy as a means of preventing future health complications associated with high sodium intake.

• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.503-511
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• 2018

Background: Sampling a healthy reference population to generate reference intervals (RIs) for complete blood count (CBC) parameters is not common for pediatric and geriatric ages. We established age- and sex-specific RIs for CBC parameters across pediatric, adult, and geriatric ages using secondary data, evaluating patterns of changes in CBC parameters. Methods: The reference population comprised 804,623 health examinees (66,611 aged 3-17 years; 564,280 aged 18-59 years; 173,732 aged 60-99 years), and, we excluded 22,766 examinees after outlier testing. The CBC parameters (red blood cell [RBC], white blood cell [WBC], and platelet parameters) from 781,857 examinees were studied. We determined statistically significant partitions of age and sex, and calculated RIs according to the CLSI C28-A3 guidelines. Results: RBC parameters increased with age until adulthood and decreased with age in males, but increased before puberty and then decreased with age in females. WBC and platelet counts were the highest in early childhood and decreased with age. Sex differences in each age group were noted: WBC count was higher in males than in females during adulthood, but platelet count was higher in females than in males from puberty onwards (P <0.001). Neutrophil count was the lowest in early childhood and increased with age. Lymphocyte count decreased with age after peaking in early childhood. Eosinophil count was the highest in childhood and higher in males than in females. Monocyte count was higher in males than in females (P <0.001). Conclusions: We provide comprehensive age- and sex-specific RIs for CBC parameters, which show dynamic changes with both age and sex.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.587-604
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to analyze generation gap of positive effects on character strength for full life of adults in Korea and to verify mediating effect of volunteering from character strength in this roots. To test this effects, there was an investigated differences of perception on character strength, volunteering and full life from 1,405 Koreans. Then had set up the influence model of character strength on full life between generation, and verified the model through structural equation. Therethrough first, there was statistical significant between generations except the variables of trust, full life and meaning of life. Second, full life was positively influenced by character strength in early adulthood. Third, volunteering had fully mediated from character strength to full life in post middle aged adults, but had partially mediated in early adulthood. This will help acquaint us with importance of accompany with volunteering at character strength than character strength directly connects to full life. Based on these results, we are treated on importance of mediating volunteering effects and influences of character strengths on full life in Korean society.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.83-100
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• 2007

It is the aim of present paper to examine the effects of experienced violence and observed violence in original family on adaptation in college students. In addition, the degree of contribution of two types of aggression in family were examined. Participants were 220 college students. Among them, those who have experienced violence from mother are 60.3%. And 52.3% reported violence from father. Those who have observed their parents violent behavior are 28.8%. These childhood 'experienced violence' and 'observed violence' was significantly associated early adulthood adaptation. But its effect is dependent on participant's sex. Experienced violence from mother is positively related to confidence in scholastic achievement in female. Experienced violence from father is positively related to trumatic symptoms and trait anxiety in male. On the other hand, observed violence showed significant relationship with traumatic symptoms, impulsivity, depression, self-esteem and trait anxiety. Most importantly, multiple regression analysis showed observed violence explains early adulthood adaptation more significantly than experienced violence. The discussion addressed implications of the findings for future research and for clinical practice.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.341-344
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• 2020

Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) is a rare neurological genetic disease caused by deletion of the peripheral myelin protein 22 gene and presents in childhood or young adulthood. We report four cases of HNPP with typical and rare presentations, reflecting the broad clinical spectrum of this disease. Two patients presented with mononeuropathies that are frequently observed in HNPP; the remaining two presented with bilateral neuropathy or mononeuropathy anatomically present in the deep layer. This reflects the broad clinical presentation of HNPP, and clinicians should differentiate these conditions in young patients with monoparesis or bilateral paresis. Although HNPP is currently untreatable, early diagnosis in the emergency department can lead to early detection, eventually resulting in less provocation and recurrence which may cause early motor nerve degeneration.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.11-14
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• 2022

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 15,000-30,000 people, with the majority of patients inheriting the disorder via autosomal recessive inheritance. PCD is characterized by abnormal ciliary ultrastructure and/or function, which results in impaired mucociliary clearance and recurrent respiratory infections. Despite the presence of symptoms from birth, many patients with PCD remain undiagnosed until adulthood. Many advances in the diagnosis of PCD have occurred in recent years, including nasal nitric oxide assays, ciliary motility tests, and genetic sequencing. Early diagnosis and symptom management may reduce morbidity and mortality from PCD improving the patient's quality of life.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 1996

Natural sleep pattern and its physiology in childhood are much different from those in adulthood. Several aspects of clinical evaluation for sleepiness in childhood are more difficult than in adulthood. These difficulties are due to several factors. First, excessive sleepiness in childhood do not always develop functional impairments. Second, objective test such as MSLT may not be reliable since it is hard to be certain that the child understand instructions. Third, sleepiness in children is often obscured by irritability. paradoxical hyperactivity, or behavioral disturbances. Anseguently, careful clinical evaluation is needed for the sleepy children. Usual causes of sleepiness in children are the disorders that induce insufficient sleep such as sleep apnea syndrome, schedule disorder, underlying medical and psychiatric disorder, and so forth. After excluding such factors, we can diagnose the hypersomnic disorders such as narcolepsy, Kleine-Levin syndrome, and idiopathic central nervous system hypersomnia. Among the variety of those causes of sleepiness, I reviewed the clinical difference of narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in childhood compared with in adulthood. Recognition of the childhood narcolepsy is difficult because even severely sleepy children often do not develop pathognomic cataplexy and associated REM phenomena until much later. Since childhood narcolepsy give srise to many psychological, academical problem. Practicers should be concerned about these aspects. Childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is different from adult obstructive sleep apnea syndrome too. Several aspects such as pathophysiology. clinical feature, diagnostic criteria, complication, management, and prognosis differ from those in the adult syndrome. An important feature of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is the variety of severe complications such as behavioral disorders, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular symptoms, developmental delay, and ever death. Fortunately, surgical interventions like adenotosillectomy or UPPP are more effective for Childhood OSA than adult form. CPAP is a "safe, effective, and well-tolerated" treatment modality too. So if early detection and proper management of childhood OSA were done, the severe complication would be prevented or ever cured.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.187-195
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• 2022

Objectives : We aimed to explore weekend catch-up sleep (CUS) by age and to find out the association between CUS and depression by the age group and weekday sleep duration (SD). Methods : Using data from the 2016-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the CUS by age of 16,174 subjects was investigated, and the depression data of 11,088 subjects were analyzed. CUS was calculated as the weekend sleep duration minus weekday sleep duration (SD). The mean of CUS and weekday SD in depression group and non-depression group was compared by early, middle, and late adulthood groups, and logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the effect of CUS on the depression by age group when weekday SD was insufficient. Results : The CUS tended to decrease continuously with age, the mean of CUS in the late adult group was the shortest. However, the average SD, adjusted for weekend CUS, was the shortest in the middle adulthood group. Overall, the sleep durations were shorter in the depression group than in the non-depression group, but the CUS difference between the two groups was significantly only in the middle adulthood. The risk of depression was significantly higher when weekend CUS was less than 1hour with a short weekday SD of less than 6hours (OR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.78-3.35), and this finding was significant in all adult groups. Conclusions : The findings of this study suggest that short weekday SD and inadequate weekend CUS are associated with depression and that CUS is an option to compensate for sleep deprivation and prevent depression.