• Composites Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.212-218
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• 2015

A large composite spar was manufactured using an automatic fiber placement (AFP) machine. To verify its structural performance, the weakest part of the structure, which is called 'corner radius', was tested under bending and examined by finite element analysis. Since the application of AFP machine to composite structure fabrication is still in early stage in Korea, this paper presents the summary of whole process for manufacturing composite spar using AFP machine from mandrel design and analysis to verification test. The deflection and stress by mandrel weight and AFP machine force, thermal deformation and natural frequency were all examined for mandrel design. The target structure was composite C-spar and cured in an autoclave. Test results were compared with nonlinear finite element analysis results to show that the structure has the strength close to the theoretical value. It was confirmed that the corner radius of the spar manufactured by AFP process showed deviation less than 20% compared with first ply failure strength. The results indicate that the AFP technology could be used for large scale composite structure production in the near future.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2015

Chronic periodontitis involves subsequent loss of teeth, and if left untreated, can lead to adjacent teeth drifting and supraeruption of the rest dentition. Careful consideration has to be given when deciding extraction of remaining teeth in treatment of periodontally compromised dentitions. For tooth-supported fixed partial dentures or removable partial dentures, periodontally compromised teeth are extracted due to possible early failure from functional overload, but for implant restoration, the teeth could be used as supports for fixed partial dentures because implants can reduce overload on teeth. The remaining natural teeth can help clinicians restoring vertical dimension and normal occlusal plane in full mouth rehabilitation because it conserves patients' proprioceptive response. This clinical report describes treatment of a patient who has a few remaining teeth and supraeruption of the rest dentition from severe chronic periodontitis. Satisfactory clinical result was achieved with full mouth rehabilitation using a few teeth and implants.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.3-11
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• 2016

Recently, overseas plant orders of domestic enterprises are steadily increased, and the amount of orders in the first half of 2014 were 93% increased compared to the previous year. In addition, now which is the third quarter of 2015, overseas plant orders are already over 249.8 billion dollars so the interests of plant industry research has been increased. In the life cycle of the plant project, CM before the construction stage is to complement the uncertainties that are inherent in the early stages of the project, and from the viewpoint of supporting the rational decision-making, the importance of its role is on the rise. Among them, excavating and investing participation plan in the planning stage is an important work that has a large impact force to influence the success and failure of future project. However, the work has become a problem with frequent consultations due to decision-making, continuous modification, and inefficient repetitive tasks. Therefore, it is needed that work process should be changed to effectively accommodate. The purpose of this paper is to derive the major work items for excavating and investing participation plan in the planning stage of the plant project, and establish a standardized work process through the Delphi analysis. The result of this study is expected to be utilized for EPC companies in ensuring the technical competitiveness in planning on overseas markets, and improve the efficiency of work.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2014

There is a big risk of bullet impact because military rotorcraft is run in the battle environment. Due to the bullet impact, the rapid increase of the internal pressure can cause the internal explosion or fire of fuel cell. It can be a deadly damage on the survivability of crews. Then, fuel cell of military rotorcraft should be designed taking into account the extreme situation. As the design factor of fuel cell, the internal fluid pressure, structural stress and bullet kinetic energy can be considered. The verification test by real object is the best way to obtain these design data. But, it is a big burden due to huge cost and long-term preparation efforts and the failure of verification test can result in serious delay of a entire development plan. Thus, at the early design stage, the various numerical simulations test is needed to reduce the risk of trial-and-error together with prediction of the design data. In the present study, the bullet impact numerical simulation based on SPH(smoothed particle hydrodynamic) is conducted with the commercial package, LS-DYNA. Then, the resulting equivalent stress, internal pressure and bullet's kinetic energy are evaluated in detail to examine the possibility to obtain the configuration design data of the fuel cell.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.109-117
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• 2014

A cold storage is a warehouse of a insulated building with cooling installations. It has many different types of cold rooms with temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius, and the sequential workflow such as receiving, picking and packing runs in that rooms. Recently, the cold storages have adopted RFID technology, and consequently, warehouse product management in them are becoming intelligent and network. However, information inconsistency in warehouses caused by physical and logical errors reduces reliability in the RFID cold storage management system and worsens their work efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an early detection system to identify errors. In this paper, we suggest a supervisory system detecting logical errors on business processes of the RFID cold storage. It is composed of a master supervisor and mobile supervisor. In the master supervisor, the manager can set the constraints conditions and get alerts, and in the mobile supervisor, the workers confirm and deal with these faults directly. The supervisory system improve reliability of the RFID cold storage management system by recognizing a failure to identify physically and logically using these constraint conditions. This paper shows that the supervisory system can reduce the average recovery time to improve reliability by decreasing the time for detecting and analyzing errors in the RFID cold storage management system.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2020

Purpose: The rapid response team is a patient safety system that detects symptoms and signs of deteriorating inpatients and provides intervention and treatment. This study analyzed the factors influencing the activation time of the team. Methods: This is a descriptive correlation study that analyzed the electronic medical records of patients activated by the rapid response team. The collection period was from January 2014 to December 2017. We analyzed 278 pieces of data activated by the rapid response team for patients aged 16 years or older at C University S Hospital in Seoul. We employed the SPSS 23.0 program for data analysis. Results: The reasons for activation of the rapid response team were oxygen saturation of less than 90.0%, other causes, and change in consciousness. The most common diagnosis of activated patients was respiratory failure (32.4%). The average activation time was 153.43±286.05 min. The activation time was shortest during convulsions (13.29±7.32 min). For patients with a history of kidney disease (B=0.58, p=.008), in case of surgery (B=0.55, p<.001), if the first symptom is mediated by the physician (B=0.53, p=.007) the active time is often extended. On the other hand, activation time is reduced when consciousness changes (B=-0.51, p=.002), especially when oxygen saturation is below 90.0% (B=-0.64, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it is expected that patients deteriorating in the general ward would be recognized early, which will help in the effective activation of the rapid response team.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 2007

Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is severe acute hypoxic respiratory failure state with dynamic impairment in oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer with the need for high levels of supplementary oxygen and a high minute ventilation. This syndrome is caused by pulmonary edema due to increased permeability of the alveolar capillary barrier by various factors. ARDS is an uncommon, but a potentially life-threatening complication. Therefore, immediate diagnosis and appropriate therapy must be performed. The present case is post-extubation ARDS immediately occurred in an orthognathic surgery patient who are healthy 19-year-old man. He rapidly recovered from ARDS without complication by early diagnosis and proper treatment. This case report was aimed to describe the process of the development, possible causes and the management of ARDS occurred in an orthognathic surgery patient

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.205-210
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• 2014

This is concerned with the technology to display the design on Porcelain and adjust malfunction for moving effect and light intensity by curator. More precisely, the technology makes it possible that the porcelain is connected to Light module which is the device for controlling light emission and rotating rolling plate, etc that are connected to LED light module, optical fiber and controller that is for scenario from the given storytelling. In addition, with a WiFi portable device (Smart-phone, other mobile device). equipped with a scenario programs, information for operation, failure and malfunction can be obtained and analyzed in real-time, and menu color and alarm is alerted when the displaying design is in abnormal status, which makes the early reactions to the status. Furthermore, the collected data can be sent through WiFi network to the device and PC managed by the curator specialized in managing the design on the Porcelain, thus the technology could help the curator who have less knowledge about moving pattern on the Porcelain. There is always a possibility of malfunction due to various condition that are caused by wring-harness when modules are wired-connected. In this research, in order to overcome this problem, we propose a system configuration that can do monitoring and diagnosis with a device for collecting data from LED control module, Light emission sensor and a personal WiFi device. Also, we performed connection between optical Fiber and LED and interlock for the system defined by the definition for information and storytelling scenario.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.237-249
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• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of membrane exposure on new bone formation when guided bone regeneration with perforated titanium membrane on atrophic alveolar ridge. The present study attempted to establish a GBR model for four adult beagle dog premolar. Intra-marrow penetration defects were created on the alveolar ridge(twelve weeks after extraction) on the mandibular premolar teeth in the beagle dogs. Space providing perforated titanium membrane with various graft material were implanted to provide for GBR. The graft material were demineralized bovine bone(DBB), Irradiated cancellous bone(ICB) and demineralized human bone powder(DFDB). The gingival flap were advanced to cover the membranes and sutured. Seven sites experienced wound failure within 2-3weeks postsurgery resulting in membrane exposure. The animals were euthanized at 4 weeks postsurgery for histologic and histometric analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was little new bone formation at 4 weeks postsurgery. irrespectively of membrane exposure. 2. There was significant relationship between membrane exposure and bone graft resorption(P<0.05), but no relation between membrane exposure and infiltrated connective tissue. 3. There was much bone graft resorption on DFDB than ICB and DBB. 4. The less exposure was on the perforated titanium membrane, the more dense infiltrated connective tissue was filled under the membrane when grafted with ICB and DBB. but there was no relationship between the rate of membrane exposure and the percentage of infiltrated connective tissue area and no relationship between the percentage of the area in the infiltrated connective tissue and in the residual bone graft. Within the above results, bone formation may be inhibited when membrane was exposed and ICB and DBB were more effective than DFDB as a bone graft material when guided bone regeneration.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 1995

Renal proximal tubular hypertrophy and hyperfunction are known to be early manifestations of experimental and human diabetes. As the hypertrophy and hyperfunction have been suggested to be central components in the progression to renal failure, an understanding of their underlying causes is potentially important for the development of therapy. A primary rabbit kidney proximal tubule cell culture system was utilized to evaluate the possibility that the renal proximal tubular hypertrophy and hyperfunction observed in vivo in diabetes mellitus, can be attributed to effects of elevated glucose levels on membrane transport systems. Primary cultures of rabbit proximal tubules, which achieved confluence at 10 days, exhibited brush-border characteristics typical of proximal tubular cells. Northern analysis indicated $2.2{\sim}2.3$ and 2.0 kb Na/glucose cotransporter RNA species appeared in fresh and cultured proximal tubule cells after confluence, repectively. The cultured cells showed reduced Na/glucose cotransporter activity compared to fresh proximal tubules. Primary cultured proximal tubule cells incubated in medium containing 20 mM glucose have reduced ${\alpha}-MG$ transport compared to cells grown in 5 mM glucose. In the proximal tubule cultures incubated in medium containing 5 mM or 20 mM glucose, phlorizin at 0.5 mM inhibited 0.5 mM ${\alpha}-MG$ uptake by 84.35% or 91.85%, respectively. The uptake of 0.5 mM ${\alpha}-MG$ was similarly inhibited by 0.1 mM ouabain (41.97% or 48.03% inhibition was observed, respectively). In addition, ${\alpha}-MG$ uptake was inhibited to a greater extent when $Na^{+}$ was omitted from the uptake buffer (81.86% or 86.73% inhibition was observed, respectively). In cell homogenates derived from the primary cells grown in 5 mM glucose medium, the specific activity of the Na/K-ATPase $(6.17{\pm}1.27\;{\mu}mole\;Pi/mg\;protein/hr)$ was 1.56 fold lower than the values in cell homogenates treated with 360 mg/dl D-glucose, 20 mM $(9.67{\pm}1.22\;{\mu}mole\;Pi/mg\;protein/hr)$. Total $Rb^{+}$ uptake occurred at a significantly higher rate (1.60 fold increase) in primary cultured rabbit kidney proximal tubule cell monolayers incubated in 20 mM glucose medium $(10.48{\pm}2.45\;nM/mg\;protein/min)$ as compared with parallel cultures in 5 mM glucose medium. $Rb^{+}$ uptake rate in 5 mM glucose medium was reduced by 28% when the cultures were incubated with 1 mM ouabain. The increase of the $Rb^{+}$ uptake by rabbit kidney proximal tubule cells in 20 mM glucose could be attributed primarily to an increase in the rate of ouabain-sensitive $Rb^{+}$ uptake $(5\;mM\;to\;20\;mM;\;4.68{\pm}0.85\;to\;8.38{\pm}1.37\;nM/mg\;protein/min)$. In conclusion, the activity of the renal proximal tubular Na,K-ATPase is elevated in high glucose concentration. In contrast, the activity of the Nafglucose cotransport system is inhibited.