• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2014

서천 봉선리유적은 백제의 중앙과 지방의 묘제가 혼재하고 있는 유적으로 백제 중앙에서 재지세력에세 사여한 것으로 추정되는 환두도가 다량 출토되었다. 이것은 재지세력이 백제 중앙의 관리 하에 놓이는 과정을 나타내는 부장유물로 추정된다. 이 중 4점의 환두도와 1점의 목병도를 대상으로 금속학적 분석을 실시하여 무기로서의 실용적 기능과 부장용 의장용으로써의 비실용적 기능에 대하여 연구하였다. 목병도 1점은 담금질과 고체침탄의 제강기술을 이용하여 제작되었으며 무기로서의 실용성을 가진다고 볼 수 있다. 반면 4점의 환두도는 인부에는 강도가 작은 미세조직이 나타나고 배부에서 충격을 흡수할 만큼의 미세조직이 나타나지 않으므로 목병도에 비해 무기로서의 기능은 떨어진다고 볼 수 있다. 즉, 서천 봉선리에서 출토된 목병도와 환두도는 실용기와 비실용기로 명확히 구분되는 것이 가장 큰 특징이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 미세조직 내에 존재하는 비금속개재물을 분석한 결과 우스타이트와 유리상이 함께 발견되므로 제련 공정에는 저온환원법이 적용되었을 가능성이 크다.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.144-164
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 진로교육과 진로상담 분야에서 중요한 상담기법의 하나로 제시되고 있는 정보제공기법의 정의와 방법에 대해 살펴봄으로써 정보제공기법을 보다 명확하게 이해하고, 향후 해결해야할 문제점에 대해 제시하여 진로분야 전문가 교육을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 정보제공기법이 어떻게 정의되고 있는가? 둘째, 정보제공기법에 대한 구체적인 방법은 어떻게 설명되어 있는가? 하는 연구문제를 설정하였다. 연구문제 해결을 위해서는 문헌연구방법을 활용하였는데, 상담개론서와 상담기법 교재, 총 17권을 분석대상으로 선정하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상담개론서와 상담기법 교재에 나타난 정보제공기법의 정의는 크게 두 가지 기준에서 분석해볼 수 있었는데, '정보'라는 의미를 어떻게 보고 있는가 하는 측면과 정보제공기법을 기술하는 방식의 측면이었다. 그 결과, 상담교재에 나타난 정보제공기법의 정의는 일관되지 않았고, 어떤 교재에서는 광의의 의미로, 어떤 교재에서는 협의의 의미로 정의되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 정보제공기법을 기술할 때도 상담자의 행동에 초점을 두는 경우와 상담자의 의도에 초점을 두는 경우가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 분석을 통해 정보제공기법이 일관되게 정의되지 못하고 다른 상담기법(예: 조언주기, 해석하기, 직접적 지시하기 등)들과 명확히 구분되기 어려운 이유를 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 상담개론서와 상담기법교재에 나타난 정보제공기법의 구체적 방법을 살펴본 결과, (1) 정보제공의 시점 (2) 제공할 정보의 선택 기준 (3) 정보제공의 절차 (4) 기타 유의사항을 기준으로 분석해볼 수 있었다. 이 네 가지 가운데 '정보제공의 시점'과 '기타 유의사항'에 대한 내용은 분석대상 여러 문헌에서 찾을 수 있었으나 '제공할 정보의 선택 기준', '정보제공의 절차'에 대한 내용은 일부 문헌에서 매우 간략한 내용만 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 정보제공을 하는데 있어서 어떤 정보를 제공해주어야 하는지, 어떤 절차에 따라 정보를 제공해주어야 하는지가 매우 핵심적인 내용임에도 불구하고 이에 대한 체계적 지식이 부족하다는 것을 보여주는 것으로, 정보제공기법에 대한 경험적 연구의 필요성을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 논의부분에서는 간호학 분야에서 수행된 정보제공에 대한 경험적 연구들을 제시함으로써 상담분야 정보제공기법에 대한 경험적 연구에 주는 시사점에 대해 제언하였다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is, in the situation where rapid response to the rapidly changing environment is required due to the development of the fourth industrial revolution such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and the internet of things, robotics, big data, additive manufacturing, bio-health, sharing economy and in the organizational culture aspiring toward the innovation of a major company, small business and a public institution, to analyze what influence a job-engagement and stress make, and what influence individual's self-efficacy as a moderator mediator makes, and to offer basic data for improving job-engagement and lowering job-stress. Research design, data, and methodology: For doing this, the literature and the empirical studies were combined. Deriving innovation-oriented organizational culture as factors affecting the job engagement and job stress through the literature, and have established hypotheses to verify them. We have collected data of 281 from ex,ecutives and staff-members working in areas including major company, small business and officials (the central government, a local public service, the prosecution, the police, and school). And these data were analyzed by SPSS 23 version. Results: Based on these data, the results of analysis were as follows; First, the innovation-oriented organizational culture which was recognized by organizational members had effect on job-stress. Second, the innovation-oriented organizational culture which was recognized by organizational members influenced job-stress. Third, in the relationship between the innovation-oriented organizational culture and job-engagement, self-efficacy did not influenced job-engagement. Finally, in the relationship between the innovation-oriented organizational culture and job-stress, self-efficacy influenced job-stress. Conclusions: Innovation-oriented organizational culture places importance on the organization's adaptability and flexibility in the external environment, so companies need to establish an innovation-oriented organizational culture favorable to achieving survival and successful innovation, and to develop and disseminate programs of positive and continuous organizations to improve task enthusiasm, reduce task stress, and enhance organizational performance. In the future, it will be necessary to verify the effectiveness of various organizational culture types through comparative analysis with companies that actively maintain an innovation-oriented organizational culture (Google, Kakao, etc.) and companies that prefer hierarchy-oriented organizational culture, relationship-oriented organizational culture, and market-oriented organizational culture.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제40호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

A purpose of this study is to comprehend a concept of 'Open Space', realization of a deconstruction, presented in his works, based on a deconstruction and surrealism Coop Himmelblau's philosophical contemplation and to look into how this concept is interpreted in spaces. A concept of 'Open Space' is functioned as not a singular meaning but a multiple meaning accompanied with other formative ingredient and contemplation, scientific paradigm and a realation with a surroundings. The concept of 'Open Space' in their architentural space is applied. First, the space openness that represents to the extreme a concept 'Open Space', as a 3D designing ways that demolishes a structure and outgrows an ex siting thinking pattern, represents multiple grade spaces and an anti-gravity space. In a material, using glass and iron provides a spacial transparency and through this, visibly liberal sense that an interior and exterior is felt as an unification. Second, an non-expressive box pattern repulses to a spatial rank nature, outgrowing an uniform geometrical system, through demolishing a geometrical system, an edge and fold pattern. This is, as an anti-gravity, dynamic a typical structure, outgrowing an orthogonal system, interpreted as a composite meaning without division in spatial area. Third, the collage is used to represent a complexity and pluralism in representing 'Open space'. The collage that forms a image through combining a fragmentary elements into being a space change, composite constitution and spatial amusement. Thus, It is worthwhile to study how the collage that forms a diverse shape will be developed making what impact as an age and surroundings changed. As we contemplate in former part, Coop Himmelblou has deployed 'deconstruction beyond deconstruction' realm as just their midterm concept in their works like the words 'The architecture must climb', the deconstructive architect. A studying for their works reflecting the 'Open Space' concept based on deconstruction must be lasted and this enables us to comprehend space concept containing an architecture and interior design.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2012

Many risk factors exist for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). This study utilized a multivariate projection technique to identify which risk factors were predictive of CINV in clinical practice. A single-centre, prospective, observational study was conducted from January 2007~July 2010 in Singapore. Patients were on highly (HECs) and moderately emetogenic chemotherapies with/without radiotherapy. Patient demographics and CINV risk factors were documented. Daily recording of CINV events was done using a standardized diary. Principal component (PC) analysis was performed to identify which risk factors could differentiate patients with and without CINV. A total of 710 patients were recruited. Majority were females (67%) and Chinese (84%). Five risk factors were potential CINV predictors: histories of alcohol drinking, chemotherapy-induced nausea, chemotherapy-induced vomiting, fatigue and gender. Period (ex-/current drinkers) and frequency of drinking (social/chronic drinkers) differentiated the CINV endpoints in patients on HECs and anthracycline-based, and XELOX regimens, respectively. Fatigue interference and severity were predictive of CINV in anthracycline-based populations, while the former was predictive in HEC and XELOX populations. PC analysis is a potential technique in analyzing clinical population data, and can provide clinicians with an insight as to what predictors to look out for in the clinical assessment of CINV. We hope that our results will increase the awareness among clinician-scientists regarding the usefulness of this technique in the analysis of clinical data, so that appropriate preventive measures can be taken to improve patients' quality of life.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.127-140
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• 1998

Organic farming excludes any use of the herbicide. The present paper reviews what can be done for effective weed control with existing weed control technology by farmers crop-ping paddy rice, field crops, vegetables, and fruit trees. If condition of the crop-land-al-lows diversified rotational use of the paddy land as paddy and upland field would minimize weed problem. Practising this is limited in acreage due to extremely limited governmental investment to the land for the purpose. Secondly, rotation of crops in the upland field breaking life cycles of various weeds adapted to each crop should reduce the weed problem. This is also limited as only a few crops are making the farmer profitable. In addition climate and tolerance of crops to high and low temperature. Monsoon rains and poor drainage restrict the freedom of choice. For any crop land year-round multiple cropping in denser planting shall lessen the weed problem, this multiple cropping practiced by 1960s has been abandoned due to laborshortage and increased production cost. Deep flooding the rice is impractical at present in Korean. Mulching crop with transparent, black , or combinated polyethylene sheet, hs been in-creasingly used. Progresses in development and use of mulch with allelopathic crop residues. inexpensive paper mulch, allelopathic crop residues, inexpensive paper mulch, allelopathic crop cultivar development, recently developed ex-perimental weeding machinaries, flamers, microbial herbicides, biological control organisms, soil sterilization techniques have been critically reviewed for their adoption into existing in-tegrated weeding system. Unfortunately, information on cost-benifit, and labor-benefit, for the various methods above mentioned are lacking. Urgent need for the research on rational weeding in organic farming, and herbicide low-input farming is emphasized.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.108-121
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• 2000

This study seeks what kind of factors influence to locate dwellings and to establish scenic spots in nature by a case study focused on a meandering stream. The study specially concentrates on the interrelationship between both residences and beautiful sceneries and a meander cut-off-area that reveals a special topographical characteristics, located at Samji village in Youngyang-eup, Youngyang-gun, Koungsangbuk-do. The meander cut-off area, developed at the middle or upper reaches of a river, often makes up specific landscapes such as precipitous cliffs, sheer cliffs and caves. And the area where is specially created by sudden change of flow due to erosion ;perceived by the cut surface to be the most beautiful scenic spot. These beautiful landscapes were used to be called as Dae, Dam or Gul and managed by Confucian scholars who enjoy refined taste and devote themselves to the study in nature. Moreover, the Ku-Hado-literary means the area of ex-flow-made the scholars' lving with a well prepared basis for agriculture where supplied a cornucopia of organic matters and water. The merit of agriculture made it possible that the scholars became economically independent, and the fact might be the essential point why the meander cut-off area took noticed. Actually, Cho-family has been in Smaji Village for generations, producing a large number of scholars and keeping the actual power of the region. The physical shape of the meander cut-off area, cozily surrounded by mountains, is considered as a good place for the dwelling due to the influence of traditional sight of view for location and P'ungsuchiri which is known as Feng Shui in China and geomancy in the western world. It is a fruit in it own way that we could find the ancestors' discernment and wisdom from this study, who have lived their lives adapting themselves to the given natural environment and also utilizing the nature wisely. But this is a current-argued study on the meander cut-off area. Follow-up studies have to be continued about the landscapes of the meander streams and the meander cut-off areas scattered all over the country except Samji Village and draw the characteristics from the comparative analysis.

• 복식
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• 제35권
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• pp.195-210
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• 1997

Movie clothing is what is recreated as a character in work after being worn for actors (or actresses). And it is not added for heightening only fantasy but it acts for heightening only fantasy but it acts for reinforcing the side of character or subject. Especially the clothing in color movie gets to have very psychological effect. Thus Accord-ing to the clothing the effect of the represen-tation style may become large and small. So as to make the gesture or attitude of each character valuable in accordance with the ac-tion and expression of the figure clothing is different from other device essentially One may attain various goals through the color of movie clothing, First movie clothing may show the vogue color of the time and the representative time color, Second the color of movie clothing helps one to able to recognize the socio-econmic position of character easily as the color to symbolize the specific jobs such as nurse soldier and doctor etc. Third the color of movie clothing may show the charcter temperament as to whether one is young or old and whether one has pessi-mistic temperament or one is extrovert or introversive etc. easily. Fourth setting the clothing color of hero as the color to set off helps it easy to distinguish from representation staffs. Fifty the whole color establishment of movie clothing gives help to expressing the at-mosphere of movie. Color is one of the most powerful means that the person in charge of clothing may express the character of movie. He should ex-press the feature of a wearer with the colors of each clothing through showing the lack of taste of characters or hinting the resistant character with the clothing color which is not suitable for situation or the conservative character with suppressed color etc. Thus he (or she) should express the clothing color which is suitable for being able to express each character by analyzing the work whole through script and grasping the character of each character so as to establish the clothing which is suitable for individual character.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2013

이제 성형외과는 미용 산업이 되고 있다. 성형 산업을 이해하기 위하여 성형외과 웹 사이트의 특성을 연구하였다. 2010년에 많은 사람이 방문한 33개의 성형외과 웹 사이트를 60개의 비교 대상 성형외과 웹 사이트와 비교하였다. 34개의 객관적인 웹 사이트 속성을 선정하여 93개 성형외과 웹 사이트를 조사하여 데이터를 수집하였다. 분석방법은 다중 판별분석을 사용하여 다(多) 방문 웹 사이트들과 비교 대상 웹 사이트들을 구분하는 웹 속성이 무엇인지 찾았다. 연구 결과, 두 집단을 구분하는 웹 속성은 유지보수 관련 속성과 커뮤니티 관련 속성이었다. 성형외과의 다(多) 방문 웹 사이트는 커뮤니티 중심이며, 지속적으로 유지 관리하는 사이트 임을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 성형외과 웹사이트의 효과적인 구축 및 운영에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide logical basis on enlargement of toilet floor space for the disabled by "ACT ON GUARANTEE OF PROMOTION OF CONVENIENCE OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, THE AGED, PREGNANT WOMEN. ETC" Revised Enforcement regulation [Asterisk 1] (2018.2.10.) and to help with making plans, designs and establishing policies by conducting experimental study with the enhanced floor area regulations. Methods: We conduct Experimental study, field work and interview for this paper. In experimental study, verification of the effective floor area was proceeded by measuring activity space for people in manual wheelchair, electric wheel chair and electric scooter and also reviewed useable area with the space expanded 0.2m both width and depth. In filed work, conducted an observation what other things (ex. sanitary equipment, hand rail and so on) can also affect the active space as well as effective floor space. In the interview, other problems and requirements that were not revealed were experimental study and observation of field work. Results : it's expected to provide better access to toilets for the disabled with the law revision of effective floor area. But, with the usage increasement of enlarged wheel chair and electric wheel chair, expanding side areas of toilet is also highly likely to be required going forward. Implications : Additional research is required on locations of exists and internal arrangement that effect the usage of toilet. It should be led to Universal design by making additional investigation and verification of the users patterns.