• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.491-498
• /
• 1992

Chelating triphosphines were applied to freeze the fluxionality and to minimize the number of isomers found in the monophosphine analogues and this technique was proved to be useful. RuH(NO)$P_3$($P_3$; Cyttp, ttp and etp) complexes were characterized to have similar trigonal bipyramidal structures with linear NO groups. Cyttp prefers to have a meridional geometry while etp prefers a facial one and ttp complexes are mixture of these two isomers. The crystal structure of RuH(NO)(Cyttp) has been determined to have a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure with a linear NO in the equatorial plane. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group $P_{nma}$, with unit cell dimensions a = 16.356(2), b = 20.474(2), c = 10.915(l) ${\AA}$, V = 3655 ${\AA}^3$, Z = 4, R = 0.035 and $R_w$ = 0.034 for the 2900 intensities with $F_o^2 >3{\sigma}(F_o^2)$ and the 208 variables.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.474-474
• /
• 2021

물순환 과정에서의 증발산량은 필수적으로 고려해야 하는 요소이며, 증발산은 기상학적 인자뿐만 아니라 증발 표면 특성 등 복합적인 요인에 의해서 발생한다. 이러한 이유로 실제증발산의 절대량을 추정하는 것은 쉽지 않으며, 특히 수문학적 관점에서 유역단위의 증발산량을 산정하는 데에는 기술적인 한계가 존재한다. 반면 잠재증발산량과 실제증발산량의 보완관계가설을 활용하면 복잡한 수문모델링을 거치지 않고 팬증발량으로부터 유역의 실제증발산을 산정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 관측자료를 기반으로 하여 용담댐 유역의 증발산 보완관계를 검증하고자 한다. 실제증발산량(ETA)은 용담댐 내 덕유산 플럭스 타워의 관측자료를 활용하였으며, 잠재증발산량(ETP)으로는 기상관측소에서 관측한 팬 증발량 자료를 활용하였고 습윤증발산량(ETW)은 Priestley-Taylor 공식을 통해 산정하였다. ETW는 수분이 무제한 공급되는 상황에서의 증발산량으로 정의되며, 동시에 ETA 및 ETP와의 상대적 비율로 스케일화하여 보완관계설정에 활용하였다. 대기의 습윤지수(Moisture Index, MI)는 ETA와 ETP간의 상대적 비율로 정의하였다. 이 때 팬 증발량은 기상 및 주변 환경 조건의 영향을 받아 증발량이 과대추정 되는 경향이 있으므로 보정계수를 적용하여 보정한 값을 활용하였다. 보정계수는 FAO Penman-Monteith 식을 활용한 기준증발산량과 팬 증발량의 기울기로 산정하며, 본 연구에서는 보정계수로 0.77을 사용하였다. 또한 ETW 산정 시 적용되는 Priestley-Talyor 계수(α)는 널리 알려진 값인 1.26 대신 유역의 기상조건을 고려하여 0.99를 적용하였다. α 값의 조정을 통해 증발산 보완관계에 대한 E+의 평균 제곱근 오차(RMSE)가 0.685에서 0.075, Ep+의 경우 0.437에서 0.315로 개선되어 용담댐 유역의 증발산 보완관계가 만족할 만한 수준으로 확인되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.232-237
• /
• 1996

Growth yield of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans M6 was measured using different substrates. The cell yield of fermentative growth on pyruvate was 6.22 g cell $mol^{-l}$ pyruvate. Since 1 ATP is available from substrate-level phosphorylation from the oxidation of pyruvate to acetate, $Y_{ATP}$ of the bacterium should be the same as $Y_{pyruvate}$ (6.22 g cell $mol^{-l}$ ATP). The cell yields of the bacterium on different electron donors were measured with sulfate as the electron acceptor. Cell yields on lactate, pyruvate and $H_2$ were 9.39, 13.76 and 8.45 g cell $mol^{-l}$ substrate, respectively. From these figures ATP available from electron-transport phosphorylation (ETP) of the electron donors used was calculated. ATP produced by ETP of each electron donnor were 1.71 from pyruvate, 1.51 from lactate and 1.76 from $H_2$. These values show that electrons from the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate are consumed to reduce sulfate through a reverse electron transport mechanism requiring 0.2 ATP for each pair of electrons. Based on these results, discussions are made on the electron transport mechanism in the bacterium.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.197-205
• /
• 2014

For the first time in Bangladesh, a bench scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) unit was tested in treating a textile wastewater in the industry premises of EOS Textile Mills LTD, Dhaka for three months. The performance of the unit was compared with that of the conventional activated sludge treatment plant, which is in operation in the same premises. The COD and BOD removal efficiency of the MBR unit reached to around 90% and 80% respectively in 20 days whereas the removal efficiency of the conventional treatment plant was as low as 40-50% and 38-40% respectively. The outlet COD and the BOD level for the MBR unit remained stable in spite of the fluctuation in the feed value, while the conventional effluent treatment plant (ETP) failed to keep any stabilized level. The performance of the MBR unit was much superior to that of the functional ETP and the water treated by the MBR system can meet disposal standard.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2014.05a
• /
• pp.142-146
• /
• 2014

The mobile computing has been a main mean of computing, because of recent development of smartphone and mobile communication network. The new service technologies, such as cloud computing, big data, SDN (Software Defined Network), and NFV (Network Function Virtualization), are appearing due to activating of the data center. These changes have brought various requirements for transport layer protocol. In addition, the transport protocol should have a extensible function to adapt additional technologies. This paper proposed that transport layer divide into three layer structure for extensible function, and designed the ETP(Extensible Transport Protocol) which is located in the bottom layer.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.62 no.4
• /
• pp.325-332
• /
• 2017

This research was conducted to evaluate methods of enhancing the waterlogging resistance of soybean plant. Thus, we applied seven types of plant growth regulators (PGRs) to soybean plants and exposed them to waterlogged conditions for a total of 14 days. To evaluate stress resistance, we monitored plant growth characteristics data such as height, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence for 28 days after the initial waterlogging (14 days under waterlogging conditions and 14 days after waterlogging). According to the results, plant height was significantly increased by gibberellin A4 ($GA_4$) treatment compared to the control treatment and waterlogging-only treatment. However, we could not detect plant height owing to plant death when we applied abscisic acid (ABA). Except for $GA_4$ and ABA treatments, plant heights slightly decreased in all treatments compared to the waterlogging-only treatment. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence showed a similar tendency among PGR treatments. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were significantly increased by ethephon and kinetin treatments 28 days after waterlogging compared to the waterlogging-only treatment. Consequently, kinetin and ethephon treatments induced more resistant phenotypes in soybean plants during or after exposure to waterlogging conditions.

• Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.89.1-89.8
• /
• 2018

Objective: Highly effective chemotherapy for patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is associated with almost a 100% cure rate. However, 20%-30% of patients treated with chemotherapy need to change their regimens due to severe adverse events (SAEs) or drug resistance. We examined the treatment outcomes of second-line chemotherapy for patients with low-risk GTN. Methods: Between 1980 and 2015, 281 patients with low-risk GTN were treated. Of these 281 patients, 178 patients were primarily treated with 5-day intramuscular methotrexate (MTX; n=114) or 5-day drip infusion etoposide (ETP; n=64). We examined the remission rates, the drug change rates, and the outcomes of second-line chemotherapy. Results: The primary remission rates and drug resistant rates of 5-day ETP were significantly higher (p<0.001) and significantly lower (p=0.002) than those of 5-day MTX, respectively. Forty-seven patients (26.4%) required a change in their chemotherapy regimen due to the SAEs (n=16) and drug resistance (n=31), respectively. Of these 47 patients failed the first-line regimen, 39 patients (39/47, 82.9%) were re-treated with single-agent chemotherapy, and 35 patients (35/39, 89.7%) achieved remission. Four patients failed second-line, single-agent chemotherapy and eight patients (17.0%) who failed first-line regimens were treated with combined or multi-agent chemotherapy and achieved remission. Conclusions: Patients with low-risk GTN were usually treated with single-agent chemotherapy, while 20%-30% patients had to change their chemotherapy regimen due to SAEs or drug resistance. The second-line regimens of single-agent chemotherapy were effective; however, there were several patients who needed multiple agents and combined chemotherapy to achieve remission.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.221-233
• /
• 2022

A sediment trap had been deployed at 1250 m depth in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) from September 2009 to July 2010, with the aim of understanding the temporal and vertical variability of particle flux. During the monitoring period, total particle flux varied from 12.4 to 101.0 mg m^-2day^-1, with the higher fluxes in January-March 2010. Biogenic particle flux varied in phase with the total particle flux. The increase in total particle flux during January-March 2010 was attributed to the enhanced biological production in the surface layer caused by wind-driven mixing in response to the seasonal shifts in the location of the Intertropical convergence zone. The export ratio (e-ratio) was estimated using the particulate organic carbon flux and satellite-derived net primary production data. The estimated e-ratios changed between 0.8% and 2.8% (1.4±0.6% on average). The ratio recorded in the negative phase of Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) was similar to the previous results obtained from the ETP during the 1992/93 periods in the positive phase of PDO. This suggests that the regime shift of the PDO is not related to the carbon export ratio.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.34-43
• /
• 1996

Determining the actual evapotranspiration(ETa) of a crop, and appropriate water management of the crop based on the ETa are very important For increasing the yield. The present study aimed at determining ETa and crop coefficient of sesame growing under different climatic conditions with the transparent thin polyethylene film mulch(0.03 mm thick) and without this mulch. Bottomless cylindrical lysimeters(105cm in diameter, 120cm in height, protruded 20 cm above the soil surface) were installed on the field of sandy loam "Bonyang series" soil with a moderate drainage. The determination of ETa was performed by measuring each component of a model equation, $ETa=(R+I)-\{Ro+(D1+D2)\}+C{\pm}{\Delta}S$. Sesame, cv. "Ansan" was sown in two rows with the spacing of $50{\times}15cm$ on May 10 in 1991 and 1992. The mulching covers 80% of the soil surface. Sesame consumed the water of 139.0 mm(1.53 mm/day) and 171.2 mm(1.59 mm/day) in ETa without the film mulch, but that of 132.6 mm(1.46 mm/day) and 199.8 mm(1.85 mm/day) with its mulching through both years of 1991 and 1992, respectively. The ETa's accounted for 52 and 69% of the potential evapotranspiration(ETp) in the mulched crop, and 54 and 59% of ETp in the non-mulched crop 1991 through 1992, respectively. Its ETa's were much more and their gap between the mulching and non-mulching treatment was larger in 1992 than in 1991 as a result of the better climatic condition of 1992.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.80-89
• /
• 2004

정보기술의 급진적인 발달로 경쟁이 점점 심화되어져가고 있는 환경 속에서 경쟁적 우위를 갖기 위한 기업들의 끊임없는 노력은 계속 되고 있다. 이러한 시점에 ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning: 전사적 자원관리) 시스템은 기업의 경쟁력을 제고하고 변화하는 비즈니스 환경을 예측하여 신속하고 현명하게 대처하기 위한 수단으로서의 역할을 수행하고 있으며 최근 기업뿐만 아니라 대학에서도 이에 대한 관심이 확산되고 있다. 이미 국외의 많은 대학들이 ERP시스템을 도입한 실정이고, 국내에서는 정보화 사업의 일환으로 연세대학교가 일반 행정 업무의 효율화를 위해 SAP R/3를 도입했고 향후 학사 행정 시스템과의 통합을 모색 중이다. 정부에서도 국$\cdot$공립 대학들의 행정업무 효율성 제고를 위해 차세대 행정업무시스템으로 ERP 시스템 도입을 본격화하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 정보화를 추진하고자 하는 국내 대학에 ERP 시스템의 도입을 제안하였고, 기존에 선행 연구된 연구 자료를 비교$\cdot$분석하여 기업의 ERP 시스템 구축 성공요인을 정리하였다. 본 논문은 초기단계에 있는 국내 대학의 ERP시스템 도입에 대학이 나가야 할 방향을 제시하였고, 앞으로 국내 대학의 ETP시스템 도입이 증가할수록 이에 대한 보다 심도 있는 연구가 계속 되어야 할 것이다.