• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.41-46
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• 1986

공침법에 의하여 얻어진 고순도 극미립자인 $BaTiO_3$ 분말의 분산거동을 조사하였다 분산매로는 수용매와 비수용매인 methyl ethyl ketone(MEK)과 ethanol (ETOH)을 이용하였다 Suspension 에서의 입자의 분산상태는 pH 변화와 MEK, ETOH의 몰 비를 조절하여 각각의 suspensions에 polymer(polyvinyl butyral)를 첨가시켜 변화하였으며 그 거동은 유동학적 성질 침강 거동 electrokinetic 성질을 측정함으로써 파악되었다 비 수용매의 몰 비가 3:1 MEK/ETOH-$BaTiO_3$에서 polymer를 0.5~1% 첨가시켰을 때 입자의 분산이 가장 잘 이루어졌다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2024

Objectives : The sigma-1 receptor is implicated in stress, depression, psychostimulant sensitization, and addiction vulnerability. Prior studies have indicated that ethanol exposure modulates sigma-1 receptor activity within the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA). Here, we explore the sub-mechanisms underlying sigma-1 receptor activity induced by HT7 (Shinmun) stimulation in behavioral alterations following acute ethanol (ETOH) administration. Methods : Male Wistar rats were investigated for pro- and anti-inflammatory markers after injection of ETOH (1 g/kg) using cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)s. After confirming that HT7 stimulation changed the total distance traveled in the open field test (OFT), protein changes in the Ventral tegmental area (VTA) were measured by Western blotting. The expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) after administration of a sigma-1 receptor antagonist (dihydrobromide 1047; BD1047, 10 mg/kg i.p.) and Shenmen (HT7) stimulation was compared. Results : As a result, acute ETOH administration increased proinflammatory marker levels (TNF-𝛼 and IL-6). HT7 stimulation restored the total distance response after acute ethanol administration. In addition, in the VTA, the levels of a microglial marker (iNOS), sigma-1 receptor and protein kinase C, which are predicted to be involved in up- and downregulation, were restored by HT7 stimulation. In particular, HT7 stimulation modulates iNOS expression through effects similar to BD treatment. This study suggests that the stimulatory effect of HT7 may be driven by microglial activation. Conclusions : Microglial activity is regulated by sigma-1 receptor, and sigma-1 receptor activity is regulated by HT7 stimulation. Significantly, we demonstrate that HT7 stimulation ameliorates behavioral alterations induced by acute ETOH administration through microglial activation within the VTA.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 1992

A cone type of tower fermentor loaded with flocculating Sacchromyces uvarum was used to study the fermentor performance. The performance of cone type fermentor was compared with those of other fermentors. The maximum yeast concentration in the cone type of tower fermentor was 35.9-43.0g/1.hr and the maximum ethanol productivity was 14.75g/1.hr at the dilution rate 0.26 $hr^{-1}$. The ethanol yield was 0.446-0.472g ETOH/g Glucose. It was concluded that a cone type of tower fermentor might offer better perspectives for continous etanol fermentation.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1997

Eucalyptus is a rich source of biologically active compounds. Among these, phloroglucinol compounds such as sideroxylonals, macrocarpals, euglobals, and robustadials are unique to Eucalyptus species. Sideroxylonal A is a very potent attachment-inhibitor. Macrocarpals show very strong antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria. Macrocarpals also show HIV-RTase inhibitory activity. Euglobals are potent inhibitors of Epstein-Barr virus activation and are developed as skin and antitumor agents. They also show granulation inhibitory activity. In this review we aim to remove the existing confusion in literature on macrocarpals and discuss the biological activities and structure-activity relationships of phloroglucinol compounds.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 1997

We studied the attachment-repelling activity of flavonoids, stilbenes, and their glycosides against the blue mussel Mytilus edulis galloprouincialis. Molecular mechanics calculations have shown that the most stable conformations of potent repellents 29 and 32 were the same. On the basis of these results, structure-activity relationships of these compounds are discussed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.514-520
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• 2006

An abandoned mandarin orange orchard in southwestern Japan was set-stocked by Japanese Black cows at two stocking rates (1.0 and 2.0 animals/ha), and vegetation dynamics and diet selection by cattle were monitored for two years, in an effort to obtain information on effective use of abandoned agricultural fields for low-cost animal production and environmental conservation. Two dominant species at the commencement of grazing, kudzu (Pueraria lobata Ohwi) and tall goldenrod (Solidago altissima L.), showed different responses to grazing during the two years; the composition of kudzu decreased, contrasting with that of tall goldenrod which increased at both stocking rates. This was caused by high preference for kudzu and avoidance or low preference for tall goldenrod by cattle. Retrogression of vegetation due to cattle disturbances occurred at both stocking rates, with the high stocking rate leading to a lower degree of succession than the low stocking rate. It was shown that cattle grazing, particularly at a high stocking rate, was effective in the management of vegetation of an abandoned orchard.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.409-426
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• 2007

Following previous work carried out in Building Research Institute in Japan, finite element analyses of conceptual column designs are performed in this paper. The effectiveness of the numerical model is evaluated by experimental tests and parametric studies are conducted to determine influential factors in conceptual column designs. First, three different column designs are analysed: bonded, un-bonded, and un-bonded with additional reinforcing bars. The load-displacement curves and cracking patterns in concrete are obtained and compared with experimental ones. The comparisons indicate that the finite element model is able to reflect the experimental results closely. Both numerical and experimental results show that, the introduction of un-bonded zones in a column end can reduce cracking strains, accordingly reduce the stiffness and strength as well; the addition of extra reinforcement in the un-bonded zones can offset the losses of the stiffness and strength. To decide the proper length of the un-bonded zones and the sufficient amount of the additional reinforcing bars, parametric studies are carried out on their influences. It has been found that the stiffness of un-bonded designs slightly decreases with increasing the length of the un-bonded zones and increases with the size of the additional reinforcing bars.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.452-456
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• 2010

Paeony flowers to separate substances contained in the ETOH extract the polyphenol materials sympathetic to the HPLC, anti-aging and whiting used in the cosmetics extract and comparing the results follows. Extracted by a different way to keep the flowers found in the experiment, after 1 year when stored frozen material and did not show changes in appearance. Concentrated extract by HPLC, investigated the content of the type of polyphenol naringin, sinapic acid, methyl gallate, syringic acid were detected, including 11 kinds. Learn anti-aging effect in the experiment for the EtOH 80% extract showed excellent efficacy in the remaining conditions were low. The whitening effect Peony Flower extract higher than arbutin paeoniflorin was the main ingredient.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.178-182
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• 2002

The electrochemical behavior of binder-free carbon anode, comprising of only artificial and natural graphite (AG and NG) particles, for intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ion $(Li^+)$ in aluminum chloride (AICI_3)-I-ethyl­3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC)-lithium chloride (LiCl)-thionyl chloride $(SOCI_2)$ room-temperature molten salt (RTMS) was studied. Binder-free carbon electrodes were fabricated using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. The binder-free carbon anodes provided a relatively flat charge and discharge potentials $(0\;to\;0.2V\;vs.\;Li/Li^+)$ and current capabilities $(250-340mAh{\cdot}g^{-1})$ for the intercalation and deintercalation of $Li^+$. Stability of the binder-free carbon anodes for intercalation and deintercalation of 50 cycles was confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.146-148
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• 1994

The most important subject in cultivation of A. gigas NAKAI would be how to decrease the bolting rate. Belcause the decrease and poor of the yields and quality is imevitable in such field where the bolting rate is high. This study was carried out to investigate the time of flower-bud differentiation as a part of improvements of cultivation method. Shoot apex was fixed in Farmer's solution(ETOH 3:Acetic acid 1), thin paraffin ribbon was made, and the tissue was stained by Safranin solution. Differentiation time of flower-bud in A. gigas differed greatly from individuals by the seedling size, generally begun from middle of May to late of June, it was time that two leaves spread. In this results, Photoperiocid types of A. gigas NAKAI were regarded as LI type or LS type of dull-photosensitivity.