• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1060-1063
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• 2003

ESR spectroscopy를 이용하여 방사선 조사된 수입산 향신료 3종에서 생성된 ESR 신호 크기에 조사선량과 저장기간이 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 수입산 향신료 3종(겨자, 오레가노, 월계수)를 0, 1, 5 및 10kGy의 Co-60 감마선을 조사한 후, 이를 시료로 Bruker-EPR spectrometer를 이용하여 ESR 신호를 측정하였다. 실험결과 조사 직후 감마선 조사된 겨자와 월계수는 조사시료에서 특유의 신호를 나타내어 비조사시료와 뚜렷이 구별할 수 있었고 오레가노는 비조사시료에서 single- line을 보였으나 조사시료와 비교하여 신호 크기가 매우 커서 비조사시료와 쉽게 구별할 수 있었다. 모든 적용선량$(1{\sim}10kGy)$의 범위에서 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 ESR 신호 크기가 증가하였으며, 조사선량과 생성된 ESR 신호 크기와의 상관계수인 $R^2$ 값은 $0.9939{\sim}0.9993$의 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또 상온에서 12주 후에도 ESR spectroscopy를 이용하여 방사선 조사의 여부를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2001

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the effect of irradiation dose on the ESR signal intensity and to identify the stability of radicals after 9 weeks of storage in order to detect irradiated shellfishes. The irradiated shellfishes (short-necked clam, purplish washington clam, freshwater clam, jackknifed clam, scallop and hard-shell mussel) presented an asymmetric absorption in shape at $g_{1}$=2.002~2.003 and $g_{2}$=1.998. The strength of the ESR signal increased linearly with the applied doses (1~7 kGy). A highly positive correlation coefficients ($R^{2}$=0.9136~0.9896) were obtained between the irradiation dose and corresponding ESR signal intensity. The intensity of the signals after irradiation was stable even after 9 weeks of storage at 5$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.248-251
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• 2000

본 연구는 ESR spectroscopy를 이용하여 계란의 방사선 조사여부와 조사선량에 따른 ESR신호의 크기 및 신호의 안정성을 알아보았다. 신선한 계란을 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3그리고 5 kGy로 방사선을 조사한 후, 난백과 난황 및 내막을 제거한 겉껍질만을 이용하여 신호의 특성을 알아보았다. 실험결과 방사선 조사된 계란은 g$_1$=2.0023$\pm$0.00004, g$_2$=1.9979$\pm$0.00005에서 특유의 비대칭적인 ESR신호를 나타내어 비조사 시료와 확실하게 구별되었으며, 조사선량의 증가에 따른 ESR신호에 대한 회귀식은 y=2.23$\times$10${^7}$x (r${^2}$=0.9661)로서 조사선량에 따라 ESR신호의 크기는 비례적으로 증가하였다. 또한 이들 신호의 크기는 상온과 5$^{\circ}C$이하에서 77일간의 저장기간 후에도 안정하게 남아있어 방사선 조사여부의 판별은 장기간의 저장에서도 가능하였다. 따라서 ESR spectroscopy를 이용한 방사선 조사 계란의 검지방법은 빠르고 확실하며 정량적인 방법으로써 유용한 검지기술임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.239-242
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• 2001

Electron spin resonance(ESR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the effect of irradiation dose on the ESR signal intensity of irradiated spices and to identify the stability of radicals after storage. Red, white and black peppers, and garlic powders were irradiated with doses of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 kGy at room temperature using a Co-60 irradiator. Triplet ESR signals were observed in irradiated pepper powders, while singlet ESR signals were observed in irradiated garlic powders. Those characteristic signals were not detected in non-irradiated samples. The strength of ESR signals linearly increased with the applied doses(1~3 kGy). Highly positive correlation coefficients ($R^2$=0.9757~0.9933) were obtained between the irradiation doses and the corresponding ESR signal intensities. The signal intensities of irradiated samples were stable even after 97 days of storage at room temperature.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.175-185
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• 1986

The measurement of angled erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as a replacement for perpendicular ESR, for cattle blood was scrutinized since it has been well known that perpendicular ESR in cattle is too slow to be adopted as an effective clinical test. Samples of blood were taken from 186 Korean native cattle over 2 years old. The results obtained in the experiment were summarized as follows. 1. Average values of perpendicular ESR/24hrs in 15 apparently healthy cattle, as measured by Wintrobe, Westergren and capillary tubes, were $5.8{\pm}2.2$, $11.1{\pm}3.7$ and $10.4{\pm}4.5%$ respectively, which were found to be similar to the values of perpendicular ESR/hr of normal blood of human. 2. The ESR was determined in the tubes held at 90, 75, 60, 45, 30 and 15-degree angles, using 3 types of tubes. For the diagnostic purposes, the best results were obtained from the tubes held at 45-degree angle. 3. The angled ESR values increased as the diameters of the tube-bores decreased. 4. The tube length did not affect the angled ESR(%). 5. The angled ESR values increased with the increased environmental temperature during the ESR measurement. 6. The storage temperature at $5^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$, of the blood for 24 hours did not affect the angled ESR. 7. Samples of blood were treated with 4 kinds of anticoagulants (heparin, $K_2$-EDTA, double oxalate and sodium citrate) and the ESR was determined at 45-degree angle, using capillary hematocrit tubes. The ESR values were higher in the blood samples treated with sodium citrate than in those treated with other anticoagulants. 8. By using the autologous plasma, the PCV was adjusted to be 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50ml/100ml and the ESR was determined in the capillary hematocrit and Wintrobe tubes held at 45 degrees. In both of the methods the ESRs increased as the values of PCV decreased. The regressions of ESR to PCV in both 45-degree-angled capillary and Wintrobe tubes were curvilinear. For the capillary hematocrit tubes the second degree polynomial $Y=61.9779-2.3533x+0.0228x^2$ (r=0.9999) fits the data. And in the case of Wintrobe tubes the second degree polynomial $Y=27.9767-1.1314x-0.0117x^2$ (r=0.9998) fits the data. 9. The 45-degree angled ESR was determined in the blood of 71 healthy Korean native cows using capillary hematocrit tubes. The average PCV was $35.4{\pm}3.6ml/100ml$. The observed ESR/hr averaged $7.2{\pm}2.7%$, while the corrected ESR/hr to a PCV of 36ml/100ml averaged $6.6{\pm}1.3%$. From these results it was concluded that to obtain the best results the ESR/hr of Korean native cattle should be determined at 45-degree angle at room temperature($20^{\circ}C$) using capillary hematocrit tubes.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.425-429
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• 2000

본 연구는 ESR spectroscopy를 이용하여 어류의 방사선 조사 여부와 조사선량에 따른 ESR 신호의 크기 및 신호의 안정성을 확인하였다. 실험결과 방사선 조사된 어류는 g1=2.003$\pm$0.001과 g2=1.998$\pm$0.003에서 특유의 비대칭적인 ESR 신호를 나타내어 비조사시료와 확실하게 구별되었다. 조사선량의 증가에 따른 ESR 신호의 상관성에 있어서는 R2값이 0.9077~0.9989의 범위로 거의 모든 시료에서 조사선량에 따라 ESR 신호의 크기는 비례적으로 증가하였다. 또한 이들 신호의 크기는 5$^{\circ}C$에서 12주간 저장한 시료에서도 안정하게 남아 있어 방사선 조사여부의 판별은 장기간의 저장에서도 가능하였다. 따라서 ESR spectroscopy를 이용한 방사선 조사 어류의 검지 방법은 빠르고 확실하며 반(semi) 정량적인 방법으로써 유용한 검지기술임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 1989

The study was undertaken to obtain indirect values of volume of packed red cell (VPRC) without centrifugation, using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of diluted blood in dogs. ESRs of diluted blood using the diluent of autologous plasma in which formed numerous RBC-rouleau clumps, autologous serum in which formed a few RBC-rouleau clumps, and 5% dextrose or 6% sucrose solutions in which formed numerous RBC-aggregation clumps, were accelerated. But, ESR of diluted blood using the 0.9% saline, D-S, ACD-B, CDP or D-PBS solutions were sluggish, because erythrocytes were dispersed in these diluents. Reliable values of VPRC on the basis of the correlating regressive equation to the ESR could be derived from values of$60^{\circ}$-angled-micro-ESR/40 min in the mixture, four parts of 5% dextrose solution and one part of whole blood. In the ESR values of diluted blood with low ratio, 1:1~3:1, $60^{\circ}$-micro-ESR was higher than $60^{\circ}$-Wintrobe-ESR. But, in the diluted blood with high ratio, 4:1~5:1, there was no different ESR values. For an aid of practical use, authers suggested a list of the $60^{\circ}$-micro-ESR/40 min in the diluted blood with equivalent VPRC of whole blood.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2004

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) measurements were performed in a total of 191 blood samples from patients below a hematocrit of 35% by both the Test-1(SIRE Analytical Systems, Udine, Italy) and the Westergren method, endorsed as the reference method for ESR by the International Council for Standardization in Hematology(ICSH). The corrected Westergren ESR values were also obtained applying the formula of Fabry (corrected ESR = ESR measured x 15/55-Hct). Linear regression analysis showed a close correlation (r=0.85) between the two methods both before and after ESR correction in total samples. There was no significant correlation difference between two methods in both two groups with hemoglobin $${\geq_-}9g/dl$$ and <9g/dl before and after ESR correction (r=0.873, r=0.827 respectively before correction and r=0.867, r=0.830 respectively after correction). Also, for two groups with hematocrit $${\geq_-}24%$$ and <24%, no significant difference was observed (r=0.859, r=0.792 respectively before correction and r=0.782, r=0.842 respectively after correction). However, for samples with <60mm of Westergren ESR before correction, a better correlation coefficient was obtained than samples with $${\geq_-}60mm$$(r=0.701, r=0.541 respectively). In corrected Westergren ESR, also samples that were obtained with <40mm showed better correlation than samples with $${\geq_-}40mm$$ (r=0.690, r=0.347 respectively). In conclusion, we found a good correlation between Test-1 and Westergren measurements in patients with anemia but an expert group discussion is required to solve discrepancy between two methods in blood samples with very high ESR.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.527-532
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• 2011

ESR1 has been listed in the Human Obesity Gene Map as candidate gene associated with obesity. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effect of the ESR1 rs1884051 polymorphism on obesity-related variables, together with their modulations by dietary intake in Korean men. The obesity-related variables and dietary intake of 3,039 Korean men aged 40-59 years from KoGES database were analyzed. Body weight (P = 0.007), BMI (P = 0.003), waist-hip ratio (= 0.011), fat body mass (P = 0.010), and body fat percentage (P = 0.040) were significantly lower in subjects with the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 than in subjects carrying the C allele. Moreover, the rs1884051 T allele was associated with a decreased risk of obesity prevalence (P = 0.040). Among the subjects whose total energy intake was below the median, carrier of the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 had a lower BMI (P = 0.003) when compared with subjects carrying the C allele. In addition, among subjects whose plant protein intake was above the median, carrier of the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 had a lower BMI (P = 0.044) compared with subjects carrying the C allele. Our findings demonstrate that there is a significant association between the ESR1 rs1884051 variant and obesity-related variables and this association can be potentially modified by dietary energy and plant protein intake.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) evaluation is a useful tool for monitoring disease activity in various inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. ESR is known to be influenced by a multitude of confounding factors. The present study aimed to assess the possible determinants of the ESR and its relationship with various risk factors involved in ischemic stroke. ESR and other hematological and biochemical parameters were investigated in 163 ischemic stroke patients (107 males and 56 females) selected based on imaging techniques including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 16.0 software. Linear regression analysis showed a significant inverse relationship of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV) (P<0.001 for females; P<0.01 for males) with the ESR. It was observed that the red blood cell (RBC) count was not strongly correlated with the ESR (P<0.05 for both males and females). It was also observed that sex significantly affected the variables determining the ESR levels, whereas age had no effect. Gender differences were also observed with respect to Hb, RBC, PCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and ESR. The possible determinants of higher ESR levels in ischemic stroke may be sex, Hb, hematocrit, and RBC count, but the role of other clinical and laboratory parameters cannot be underestimated.