• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2004

This study was conducted to identify an initial fire station experience of EMT students, so to better understand their' practice experience in fire station. The subjects were 28 EMT students of C department of Emergency Medical technology in C city, who were demonstrating at the fire station in C city. This study was approached by phenomenological method, collected data were analyzed by Colaizzi's method, the results were as a follows. From the protocol, 201 significant statements were organized into 93 formulated meanings. From the formulated meanings, 30 themes were identified, organized into 16 theme clusters, and then 7 categories. EMT students got experienced 'tension' in resulting from new training situation and at the field practice, 'comport and gratitude', in feeling of identity and a bond sympathy with senior EMT, in training environment and heartfelt care, 'stress' from lack of knowledge and skill, difficulties in field practice for 24 hours, in dealing with making interpersonal relationship with patient and staffs and from the insufficiency of instruction, 'confidence feeling' from the participation of field treatment, in improving of learning, in self-esteem of EMT job, 'confusing feeling' of conflict of the path in work, 'disappointment and doubt' by the discrepancy between learning and actuality, and disappointment of actuality, 'feeling of lack' based on the passive attitude. The results of this study are to use as basic data for students attending fire station experience for the first time.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2014

Purpose. The checked of perception for the protection of personal medical information of EMT student and Nursing student. Methods. Nursing students and EMT students 200 questionnaires were collected and Frequency analysis, Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA was performed for using the Windows SPSS(ver. 12.0). Results. Most of the subjects were aware of the protection law of personal information and Infringement of the privacy of personal information will be exposed. also, Education is needed privacy(EMT students $3.84{\pm}0.96$, Nursing students $3.73{\pm}0.99$). EMT($3.99{\pm}1.00$) and Nursing($4.07{\pm}0.94$)students due to exposure to both the patient's personal information privacy was violated would get recognized. Exposure to the computerization of information privacy will be exploited in other agencies(EMT students $3.78{\pm}0.88$, Nursing students $3.95{\pm}0.94$) was called. Conclusions. For the protection of personal health information, education needs to be expanded.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to supply basic data for a health promoting program and to elevate the level of it by examining whether EMT-P Students' health promoting behaviors were related to health percetion, health concept, health status, self-esteem, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers of action, perceived self-efficacy, activity-related affect, social support, preference, prior related behavior, and a plan for action. Method: Subjects were 116 EMT-P Students in K city. Data collection method was a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. Result: The most powerful predictor was prjor related behavior(28.8%). Altogether prjor related behavior, health status, perceived barriers of action, a plan for action were proven to account for 44.6% of health promoting behaviors of EMT-P Students. Conclusion: It suggested that prjor related behavior, health status, perceived barriers of action, a plan for action should be considered when developing a EMT-P Students' health promoting program.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권6호
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• pp.462-473
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• 2011

Background: Smoking is a risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the mechanism of the association remains obscure. There is evidence demonstrating that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is involved in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This study was to determine whether the administration of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting PAI-1 or PAI-1 inhibitor to the cigarette smoking extract (CSE)-exposed rat alveolar type II epithelial cells (ATII cells) limits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods: ATII cells were isolated from lung of SD-rat using percoll gradient method and cultured with 5% CSE. The EMT was determined from the ATII cells by measuring the real-time RT PCR and western blotting after the PAI-1 siRNA transfection to the cells and after administration of tiplaxtinin, an inhibitor of PAI-1. The effect of PAI-1 inhibitor was also evaluated in the bleomycin-induced rats. Results: PAI-1 was overexpressed in the smoking exposed ATII cells and was directly associated with EMT. The EMT from the ATII cells was suppressed by PAI-1 siRNA transfection or administration of tiplaxtinin. Signaling pathways for EMT by smoking extract were through the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and ERK1/2, and finally Snail expression. Tiplaxtinin also suppressed the pulmonary fibrosis and PAI-1 expression in the bleomycin-induced rats. Conclusion: Our data shows that CSE induces rat ATII cells to undergo EMT by PAI-1 via SMAD2-ERK1/2-Snail activation. This suppression of EMT by PAI-1 siRNA transfection or PAI-1 inhibitor in primary type II alveolar epithelial cells might be involved in the attenuation of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2022

전자기 토폴로지 기법은 복합적인 전파 환경의 모델링을 효과적으로 수행하기 위하여, 구성되는 전파 환경 단위를 각각 해석하고 네트워크의 형태로 결합하여 재해석하는 방법이다. 일반적인 상용 통신 채널 모델에서는 전파 환경이 복합적이고 예측이 어렵기 때문에 정확도는 낮지만 평균적인 해를 활용하는 확률 모델을 활용한다. 하지만, 상대적으로 높은 정확도의 전자파 전파 특성을 요구하는 전자기 펄스 등 위협 전자파의 전파 및 결합 분석, 전자전, 5G 및 6G 이상의 로컬 통신 채널 모델 등에 사용되는 전파 모델 응용에서는 전자기 토폴로지 기법을 활용한 전파 모델링 기법 등이 활용된다. 본 논문은 주파수 영역에서 해석되는 전자기 토폴로지(EMT) 기법의 효과적인 수행 방안과 알고리즘, 그리고 프로그램 구현에 대하여 설명한다. 또한 주파수 영역의 EMT 해석 결과에 대하여 임의의 인가 신호원에 대한 시간 영역에서의 응답을 도출하는 방안에 대하여 논의한다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1995년도 제47차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.321-322
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• 1995

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.337-344
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• 2018

발생하는 간암 중 가장 주요한 형태인 간세포암은 강한 전이특성으로 인해 높은 재발율과 사망률을 보인다. Silymarin은 엉겅퀴에서 추출한 플라보노이드 성분으로 여러 암세포주에서 상피간엽전환(epithelial mesenchymal transition, EMT) 조절을 통해 항암효과를 보이는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 silymarin이 EMT의 조절을 통해 간세포암 세포주인 Huh7 cell의 침윤과 전이를 억제하는지를 분석하고자 하였다. Huh7 cell의 침윤과 전이 활성을 분석하기 위하여 wound healing assay와 in vitro invasion assay를 시행하였고 EMT 관련 유전자와 상위 신호전달물질의 발현 분석을 위해 Western blot assay를 실시하였다. 그 결과 silymarin은 농도 의존적으로 Huh7 cell의 침윤과 전이를 억제하였다. EMT 관련 유전자 중 세포 부착 단백질인 E-cadherin은 증가하였으나, 중간엽세포의 지표인 vimentin, 종양미세환경 조절에 관여하는 MMP-9의 발현은 억제되었고 이들의 활성에 관여하는 전사인자인 Snail과 nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ 또한 농도 의존적으로 활성이 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 상위신호전달물질 중 silymarin은 phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt의 인산화 억제를 통해 EMT 관련 유전자들을 조절하는 것으로 나타났고 이것은 selective inhibitor인 LY294002의 처리 결과로 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로, silymarin은 PI3K/Akt 경로를 통해 EMT 관련 유전자의 발현을 조절함으로써 Huh7 cell의 침윤과 전이를 억제하는 것으로 생각된다. 이를 통해 silymarin이 간세포암의 전이 억제에 효과적인 항암물질의 후보가 될 수 있는 잠재력을 가진 후보물질이 될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the creativity and problem-solving of EMT students in Gwangju Metropolitan City. Data was collected by self-reported questionnaire from 106 EMT students from December 1, to December 20, 2008, Data collected were analyzed by technical statistics and correlation analysis using $SPSS/PC^+$ 12.0 program, The results were as follows : 1. The subjects were 49 males (46%) and 57 females (54%). 2. According to gender characteristics and creativity of the subjects, there were not significant differences(t = 1.02, p = .312). To gender characteristics and problem-solving of the subjects, male were higher grade more than female and there were significant differences(t = 2.04, p = .044). 3. According to age characteristics and creativity of the subjects, there were not significant differences(F = 8.73, p = .421). To age characteristics and problem-solving of the subjects, there were not significant differences(F = 2.314, p = .104). 4. There was positive correlation between creativity and problem-solving(r = .489, p = .000). Therefore, these findings showed that more studies needed about creativity and problem-solving on EMT students and creative problem-solving programs be started for these EMT students in order to development their creativity and problem-solving.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.433-438
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• 2017

Relative to its incidence, oral cancer has serious negative social effects. The exact causes of oral cancer have not been clarified, but many studies have implicated smoking and drinking. However, the fundamental mechanism of oral cancer causation has yet to be elucidated. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) augments epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and development of various cancer cells. However, a detailed mechanistic explanation for LPA-induced EMT and the effects of EMT-promoting conditions on oral squamous cell carcinoma development remain elusive. In the present study, a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze TWIST1, Slug, E-cadherin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) transcript expression. Immunoblotting was used to analyze TWIST1, Slug, E-cadherin, and GAPDH protein expression. siRNAs were used to silence TWIST1 and Slug transcript expression. A matrigel-coated in vitro invasion insert was used to analyze oral cancer cell invasion. The results of the present study show that the expression levels of TWIST1 and Slug, which are EMT factors, were increased by LPA treatment in YD-10B oral squamous cell carcinoma. Conversely, E-cadherin expression was significantly reduced. In addition, transfection of the cells with TWIST1 and Slug siRNA strongly inhibited LPA-induced oral cancer cell invasion. The present study shows that TWIST1 and Slug mediate LPA-induced oral cancer cell EMT and invasiveness. The present study confirmed the mechanism by which LPA promotes oral cancer cell development, with TWIST1 and Slug providing novel biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets for oral cancer cell development.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2011

Purpose : This study was performed to examine the euthanasia attitude of EMT students. Method : The results were based on the revised questionnaires on euthanasia. Total 155 students filled out the questionnaires in September 17-18, 2009. Data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 in terms of means, $x^2-test$, mean, standard deviation, and one way ANOVA. Results : The euthanasia attitude was no statistically significant difference between three groups. In the area of quality of life, there were no statistically significant difference between three groups. In the area of life respect, there were no statistically significant difference between three groups. In the area of medical ethics, there were statistically significant difference between three groups. In the area of client right, there were no statistically significant difference between three groups. Conclusion : This results showed that education of euthanasia attitude must be instructed to EMT students. It is necessary to make a further development euthanasia program of EMT.