• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.641-647
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• 2012

This study investigates the sound properties of fabric frictional sound (SPL, ${\Delta}L$, ${\Delta}f$) according to the film type of PTFE laminated vapor-permeable water-repellent fabrics in order to understand the relationship between SPL and the basic properties of fabrics such as layer, yarn type, and thickness of fiber. This study accesses their mechanical properties and determines how to control them to minimize SPL. Eight PTFE laminated water-repellent fabrics, composed of four different film types (A, B, C, D) and with two different fabrics, were used as test specimens. Frictional sounds generated at 1.21m/s were recorded by using a fabric sound generator and SPLs were analyzed through Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). The mechanical properties of fabrics were measured by KES-FB. The SPL value was lowest at 74.4dB in film type A and highest as 85.5dB in type D. Based on ANOVA and post-hoc test, specimens were classified into less Loud Group (A, B) and Loud Group (C, D). It was shown that SPL was lower when 2 layer (instead of 3 layer), filament yarn than staple, and thin fiber than thick were used. In Group I, shearing properties (G, 2HG5), geometrical roughness (SMD), compressional properties (LC, RC) and weight (W) showed high correlation with SPL however, elongation (EM) and shear stiffness (G) did with SPL in Group II.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2004

We propose a new speech enhancement algorithm based on left-right Hidden Markov Model (HMM) with state decision using Log-likelihood Ratio Test (LRT). Since the conventional HMM-based speech enhancement methods try to improve speech quality for all states, they introduce huge computational loads inappropriate to real-time implementation. In the left-right HMM, only the current and the next state are considered for a possible state transition so to reduce the computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a method to decide the current state by using the LRT on the previous state. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the speed up to 60% with 0.2∼0.4 dB degradation of speech quality compared to the conventional method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.255-255
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• 2015

국제핵융합실험로(ITER)의 3대 목표 중 하나는 핵융합로 개발을 위한 삼중수소증식블랑켓 개념을 시험하고 검증하는 것이며, 이를 위해 시험증식블랑켓(TBM, Test Blanket Module) 프로그램을 마련, 각국이 참여할 수 있도록 하고 있다. 한국도 2012년 국가핵융합위원회 결정에 따라, EU, 일본, 중국, 인도와 함께 TBM 프로그램에 참여하고 있으며, 2021년 설치를 목표로 헬륨냉각 고체증식재 개념의 HCCR (Helilum Cooled Ceramic Reflector) TBM을 설계, 개발하고 있다. 한국형 TBM은 총 4개의 서브모듈과 하나의 후벽(Back Manifold, BM) 으로 구성되며, 각 서브모듈은 플라즈마와 대면하는 일차벽(First Wall, FW), 증식재와 증배재, 반사재를 담고 있는 증식영역(Breeding Zong, BZ), 냉각재 매니폴드 및 구조물 역할을 하는 측벽(Side Wall, SW) 등의 기능부품으로 구성되어 있다. 냉각재는 8 MPa, $300-500^{\circ}C$의 고온고압헬륨을 사용하고, Li2SiO4 혹은 Li2TiO4 형태의 Li 세라믹 증식재를 사용하며, 중성자 증배를 위해 Be 증배재 및 흑연 반사재를 사용한다 [1-3]. 2015년 2월 개념설계검토(CDR, Conceptual Design Review)를 위해, TBM-shield를 포함한 TBM-set 설계가 완료되었으며, 열수력, 구조, 지진, 전자기, 복합하중에 대한 평가가 진행되었다. 본 논문에서는 이 중 H/He-phase에 시험될 EM-TBM과 D-T phase에 시험될 INT-TBM에 대한 열수력 성능 결과를 소개하였다[5]. 각각의 열부하 조건은 0.17과 $0.3MW/m^2$이며, 중성자 조사는 D-T phase 에서만 고려되었다. 구조재 및 사용된 기능소재별 온도 요건을 정의하고, 성능해석 결과와 비교하였으며, 이를 통해 모든 온도 요건을 만족함을 최종 확인하였다. 이러한 온도 분포는 열응력 평가를 위해 구조해석 입력자료로 활용되었다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.216-222
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• 2003

This study investigated the effects of feeding mulberry leaf extracts on lipid composition in rats fed high cholesterol diets. An initial 30-person sensory evaluation of preparations containing various concentrations of mulberry leaf extract showed that a preparation containing 9% mulberry leaf extracts was the most highly preferred. In addition, subsidiary materials of pine needle extracts and mugwort extracts were added to weaken the unpleasant smell of mulberry leaf extract A preparation containing 9% mulberry leaf extract with 3% mugwort extract and 7% pine needle extract was given highest preference scores by the 30-person panel. When comparing the functional ingredients contents of the various preparations of mulberry leaf extracts, such as GABA, DNJ and flavonoids, no significant differences were found as a result of adding subsidiary materials (pine needle and mugwort extracts). Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing l00$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one normal diet group, and to four high cholesterol diet groups containing 1% cholesterol, to elucidate the functionality of the mulberry leaf extract The four high cholesterol diet groups were classified into: a mulberry leaf extract diet group free of subsidiary materials (EB group); a mulberry extract diet group with pine needle extracts (EP group); a mulberry leaf extract diet group with mugwort extracts (EM group); and a control group (HC group). The mulberry leaf extracts were provided as drinking water; the diet and water were fed ad libitum. Hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher, by 279% to 475%, in the high cholesterol groups compared to the normal diet groups, but were significantly lower in the three groups supplied with mulberry leaf extracts, compared with the high cholesterol control. There were no changes in functionality of the mulberry leaf extract preparations due to the addition of subsidiary materials. In conclusion, preparations of mulberry leaf extracts were shown to improve lipid metabolism in rats fed a high cholesterol diet, by reducing hepatic and plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Also human palatability of the mulberry leaf preparation was improved by adding subsidiary materials such as pine needle and mugwort extracts.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.29.2-29.2
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• 2009

구리는 낮은 비저항, 높은 열전도도, 우수한 electromigration(EM)저항특성 등을 바탕으로 차세대 nano-scale집적회로의 interconnect application에 적합한 금속재료로서 각광받고 있다. copper interconnect는 damascene process 를주로 이용하는데 CVD를 이용하면 step coverage가우수한 seed layer얻을 수 있어 고집적 소자의 구현이 가능하다. 최근에 비 균등화 반응(disproportionationreaction)을 이용하여 고 순도 구리박막을 제조하기위해 $\beta$-diketonate Cu(I) Lewis-base의 전구체를 많이 이용하는데 그중에서 hexafluoroacetylacetonate(hfac)Cu(I)vinyltrimethylsilane (VTMS)가 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 (hfac)Cu(I)(VTMS) 또는 유사계열의 전구체들은 열적안정성및 보관안정성이 부족하여 실제 양산공정에 적합하지 못한 단점이 있었다. 본 연구에 이용된 2가 전구체Cu(dmamb)2는 높은 증기압($70^{\circ}C$, 0.9torr)을 가지며 종래에 주로 이용하던 1가 전구체 (hfac)Cu(VTMS)에 비해 높은 활성화 에너지(~113 kJ/mol)를가짐으로서 열적안정성 및 보관안정성이 우수하다. 다른 한편으로 2가전구체는 안정성이 우수한 만큼 낮은 증기압을 극복하기 위해 리간드에 플루오르를 주로 치환하여 증기압을 높이는데 플루오르는 성장하는 박막의 접착력을약하게 하는 단점을 가진다. 하지만 본 연구에 사용된 Cu(dmamb)2는 리간드에 플루오르를 포함하지 않으며, 따라서 고품질의 박막을 용이한성장환경에서 제조할 수 있는 장점들을 제공한다. 비활성가스 분위기에서 2가전구체는 열에너지에 의해 리간드의 자가환원에따라 금속-리간드 분해가 발생한다. 하지만 수소분위기에서는수소가 환원제로 작용하여 리간드의 분해를 용이하게 하는 특징을 가지며 따라서 비활성분위기일 때 비해 낮은 성장온도를 가진다. 또한 수소는 잔류하는 리간드 및 불순물과 결합하여 휘발성화학종들을 생성하여 고순도의 구리박막제조를 가능하게한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.27-27
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• 2009

Non-stochiometric CdS:H films grown on polyethersulfon (PES) flexible polymer substrates at room temperature by R.F. sputtering technique. They exhibited a dark- and photo-sheet resistance of $2.7\times10^5$ and $\sim\;50\;{\Omega}$/square, respectively. These values were realized by an optimum control of both hydrogen doping-levels and the surface morphologies of the films. The comparison between the real and the simulated results for the shielding and the transmission by the free space measurement system in the X-band frequency range (8.2 - 12.4 GHz) was also addressed in this study. Samples overlapped with 13 layers of CdS:H/PES were consistent with the transmission results of pure aluminum metal films ($0.1\;{\Omega}$/square) deposited on PES substrates. As a result, by the simples tacking of the CdS:H/PES layers, the perfect control of the shielding and the transmission of the EM wave in the range of X-band frequency is possible by avisible light alone, and their results are especially very outstanding findings in the stealth function of the radome(Radar+Dome) such as aircrafts, ships, and missiles.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1998

According to the Samkuk Saki(History of Three Nations), An-ap pond was constructed in the 14th year of the reign of King Mun-$\mu$ But this period precedes the unification of Shilla(in the 16th year the reign of king Mun-mu) and Shilla was at war. Therefore I suppose the 16th year of the King's reign is just the time of the commencement of the construction of the pond. But the real construction had not been started before the 16th year of the King's reign, after the unification of the three nations into Shilla Dynasty. Another record of making a larger pond(the 19th year of the reign of king Kyung-duk) may signify the enlargement of the very pond that had been built the 16th year of King Mun-mu's reign. Korean traditional belief was the belief in the Dragon, the Mountain God, and the Heavenly God and these was deeply rooted in the Royal family and perhaps had influenced the building of An-ap pond. Namely it is explained that Em-hae Jun sympolizes the An-ap pond itself as the sea and the Dragon lived in the sea and also the mountain built in the East bank of An-ap pond is related to the Mountain God. And also Taoism's Sin Sun Sa-Sang(Paradise philosophy) had influenced the building of the three legendary immortal islands, called Yong Ju, Bang-Jang, Bong-Rae in the An-ap pond. It is supposed that the age of An-ap pond from the above mentioned facts and inferences and we can also understand the influence of the Royal family customs on the building of An-ap pond. The inscriptions on the vessels and architectural accessories suggest us the influence of the Royal family customs on the construction of An-ap pond.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.137-150
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of clothing color and exposure on stereotype formation of female appearance. The subjects for the research survey were 418 male and female university students in Taejon, Korea. The measuring instruments were a self-administered questionnaire and six written scripts which described a woman wearing clothing manipulated by clothing color and exposure variables. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis, T-test, crosstabs analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study were as follows. First, three dimensions (global image, appearance inference, and appearance evaluation) emerged from the subject responses. Clothing exposure had the greatest impact upon the stereotype formation of female appearance. The woman wearing exposed clothing was rated as 'sexy', 'confident', and 'glamorous' whereas the same woman wearing unexposed clothing was rated as 'slim', 'humdrum', 'ladylike', and 'neat'. Second, the gender of the subject played a role in forming stereotypes of women's appearance. The male subjects rated the woman wearing exposed clothing as 'sexy' and 'glamorous' whereas the 1em81e subjects rated the same woman as 'slim' and 'pretty'. Third, the male subjects evaluated the woman wearing expend clothing in much more negative terms than the female subjects did, indicating that men tended to use 'modesty' to evaluate the woman whereas women tended to use 'fashion trend' in addition to 'modesty' as the important criteria when assessing women dressed in exposed clothing. Fourth, the subjects judged the woman wearing exposed clothing to be an entertainer or prostitute in her early 20s. On the other hand, the subjects judged the woman wearing unexposed clothing to be either a university student or a professional business women in her mid 20s.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2007

An experimental verification of multipactor(MP) discharge for S-band diplexer as a sample DUT for space application by an in-house MP test facility is proposed. The designed diplexer having two BPFs for Rx and Tx is applied to a design of five pole inter-digital cavity type band pass filter with chebyshev response, it has 2.7 % bandwidth centered at 2.232 and 2.055 GHz for Rx, Tx, respectively. To avoid the MP discharge, the accurate design and analysis methods based on 3D EM field analysis are considered. The proposed in-house MP test facility consists of a phase detecting system using a doubly balanced mixer as a simple, low cost and real time MP test method compared with results of previously well-known MP detection systems as cross reference methods. The calculated MP threshold RF input power is 43.13 dBm. The measured one is 43 dBm and 44 dBm for CW, pulsed mode test, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.664-672
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• 2009

In this paper we propose an on-glass antenna which consists of conducting dual center striplines and multi-loaded striplines. Multi-loaded striplines and dual center lines were employed for achieving a broad matching bandwidth and improving a vertical radiation gain, respectively. The detail design parameters were determined using the Pareto genetic algorithm with an full wave EM simulator. The optimized design was built and installed on a commercial vehicle, and the antenna performances such as the return loss and the radiation gain were measured in a semi-anechoic chamber. The measurement results showed the matching bandwidth($S_{11}$<-3 dB) of about 49 % in the T-DMB frequency band, the vertical gain of about -3 dBi along the bore-sight direction, and the average gain of about -10 dBi along the azimuth direction.