• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.108-116
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• 2018

In this paper, a method of designing a Vivaldi type phased array antenna (PAA) which operates at S-band (2.8-3.3 GHz) is presented. The presented antenna uses broadside coupled split ring resonators (BC-SRRs) for high isolation, wide field of view, and good active S-parameter characteristics. As an example, we design a $1{\times}8$ array antenna with various BC-SRR structures using theory and EM simulations. The antenna is fabricated and measured to verify the design. With the BC-SRR implemented between the two radiating elements, the isolation is shown to be enhanced by 6 dB, up to 23 dB. The scan angle is shown to be within ${\pm}53^{\circ}$ based on a -10 dB active reflection coefficient. The operation of the scan angle is possible within ${\pm}60^{\circ}$ with a little larger reflection coefficient (-7 dB to -8 dB). The proposed design with BC-SRRs is expected to be useful for PAA applications.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.608-618
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 Maas의 die 이중평형혼합기 회로를 개선, 새로운 pHEMT resistive star 이중평형혼합기 회로를 제안하였다. Star 구조로 구성되기 때문에 기존의 FET ring 혼합기 구조와 달리 별도의 IF balun이 필요로 하지 않는다. 또한 Maas의 직관적인 이중 balun설계 방법을 개선 EM simulation을 통한 이중 balun을 구성하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 혼합기 회로는 CPW(Coplanar Waveguide)를 기반으로 하여 동국대 0.1 um GaAs pHEMT library를 이용 MMIC로 제작하였다. 제작된 혼합기는 크기 1.5 ${\times}$ 1.5 $\textrm{mm}^2$이며 DC bias로 성능 조정이 가능하다. 이것은 up/down converter로 사용 가능하며 V-band전역 이상의 주파수 대역폭을 갖고, 변환손실은 약 13∼18 ㏈ 정도이다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

We present a useful design for a free access mat which supports two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The free access mat is a sheet-shaped waveguide which consists of a tightly coupled double-layered microstrip resonator array. It provides easy access for devices in short-range wireless communications. Interference is a common problem with conventional applications which use free space transmission. Our proposed wireless access system uses a subsidiary waveguide, the free access mat. Wireless devices are proximately coupled to the free access mat through which the coupled electromagnetic (EM) wave transmits. The arrival domain of the EM wave of an application is therefore limited to an area close to the free access mat. Wireless devices can be coupled to the free access mat at an arbitrary position without contact. We previously presented a free access mat for a single frequency band. This paper presents a free access mat for the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The free access mat uses a ring patch resonator array which is easily excited by typical antennas and is resistant to interference. These characteristics are demonstrated by numerical simulation and confirmed by experiment.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2015

A novel fully-printed microstrip antenna with negative first resonance and dual polarization is proposed. The radiator is printed on the 1-layer substrate instead of multilayers. The -1st resonance results from a composite right- and left-handed(CRLH) structure that has a circumferentially interlocked gap capacitively coupling a patch with a shorted-ring. This compact antenna is provided with a dual-polarization capability by creating two orthogonal linear polarizations in one body with coaxial feeds. The design is carried out by doing full-wave EM field simulation which is compared with the measurement of the fabricated antenna prototype. The measured results give the gain of 5 dBi and the efficiency of 78% at the -1st resonance mode as the center frequency of a downlink channel of the bandwidth over 20 MHz with 29 dB polarization isolation for mobile communication.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.660-666
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• 2005

Recently, the need for subminiature storage systems has increased with the diversification of portable devices. An actuator for small optical disk drives has to satisfy performance requirements such as higher access speed, lower power consumption, and smaller size. In this paper, we proposed the miniaturized rotary type VCM actuator that had an effective focusing mechanism and secured sufficient bandwidth for small form factor (SFF) optical disk drive (ODD). Initial model was designed by electromagnetic (EM) and structural analyses. Such a model was improved using design of experiments (DOE) procedure based on a Blu-ray disk (BD) 1x specifications.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.371-374
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• 2010

In this article, new microstrip slow-wave bandpass filters using open loop resonator loaded with inter-digital capacitive fingers is proposed. The filter features not only compact in size, but also exhibits spurious stop-band rejection. Filters of this type with elliptic function and Chebyshev response are demonstrated. There is good agreement between experimental and full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation results.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.318-324
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• 1983

이온흡착, 전위차적정, 전기이동법 등을 이용 하여 kaolinite 현탄액의 전기 화학적 성질을 연구하였다. 0.001M 또는 0.1M NaCl 용액중에서 kaolinite로부터 용해되어 나온 알루미늄 이온이 $Na^+$ 및 $Cl^-$과 같이 지시이온으로서 kaolinite 표면에 흡착되는 것을 고려할 때 kaolinite는 pH independent + 및 -전하와 pH dependent + 및 -전하를 모두 가지고 있었다. 증류수와 0.001M NaCl 용액중에서 kaolinite 입자의 전기이동은 전기 이동셀(cell)에서 측정이 시작된 후 시간경과(전기이동 측정시간)에 관계없이 일정한 이동성을 나타냈으나 0.1M NaCl 용액중에서 kaolinite 입자는 등전점 (pH 4.7) 이상에서는 측정시간이 경과함에 따라 전하가 -에서 +로 변화하였다. 즉 최초 10초 동안에는 -전하를 가지며 그 후에는 +전하를 띠면서 전기이동 속도가 단계적으로 증가하게 되는데 약 10분 후에는 일정하게 되었다. 이것은 아마도 제일 바깥쪽 Octahedral layer 표면의 aluminol group의 부분들이 높은 이온 강도의 전해질 용액중에서 분해되어 복잡한 전기이중층(electric double layer)을 이루고 이것이 전기장 내에서 이동할 때 표면으로부터 counter이온들이 점차 떨어져 나가는 과정에서 전하(net charge)의 변화가 생기는 것으로 생각된다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권10호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 차량 충돌 방지용 밀리미터파 레이더 시스템용 안테나에 적용 가능한 LTCC(low temperature co-fired ceramic) 공정을 사용한 유전체 공진기 안테나(DRA, dielectric resonator antenna)를 제안한다. 76-77 GHz에서 공진하는 DRA를 설계하며, LTCC 공정을 사용하여 유전체 공진기 내부에 SRR(split ring resonator)을 넣은 구조와 모노폴을 넣은 구조를 제안한다. 또한 모노폴을 넣은 구조는 선형 편파를 제공하는 안테나와 원형편파를 제공하는 두 가지 구조로 설계한다. 유전체 공진기 내부 구조 및 편파, 급전 마이크로스트립 선로 길이 및 마이크로스트립 구조에 따라 총 3가지 모델의 DRA를 설계하고, EM 해석 소프트웨어인 CST를 사용하여 각 안테나의 반사손실 특성 및 방사 패턴을 계산한다. 설계된 안테나를 실제 제작하여 특성을 측정하고 계산치와 비교한다. 제작된 DRA 측정결과 원하는 대역인 76-77GHz 대역에서 공진 특성을 나타내고, 8.15 dBi에서 10.82 dBi의 안테나 이득을 획득하였다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.186-189
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• 2010

Reflection(R($\omega$)), transmission(T($\omega$)) and loss(L($\omega$)) characteristics of multi-layer metamaterials are investigated experimentally in free space with the incident EM waves perpendicular to the substrate plane. The sample is made of split-ring resonators(SRRs) and wires which are the typical model of metamaterials. The R($\omega$) and T($\omega$) of multi-layer metamaterials have been calculated from the measured S-parameters. In this paper, we got the impedance-matched result according to the curves of R($\omega$), meanwhile the T($\omega$) decreased with increasing number of layers. At last, we attained the result that the L($\omega$) gets to nearly 98% around 8 GHz, with R($\omega$)=T($\omega$)=0. The design presented in this paper achieves experimented loss near unity.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 1996년도 제11회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.40-41
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• 1996

Nitridation technique has been receiving much attention for the formation of a thin nitrided buffer layer on which high quality nitride films can be formedl. Particularly, gallium nitride (GaN) has been considered as a promising material for blue-and ultraviolet-emitting devices. It can also be used for in situ formed and stable passivation layers for selective growth of $GaAs_2$. In this work, formation of a thin nitrided layer is investigated. Nitrogen electron cyclotron resonance(ECR)-plasma is employed for the formation of thin nitrided layer. The plasma source used in this work is a compact ECR plasma gun3 which is specifically designed to enhance control, and to provide in-situ monitoring of plasma parameters during plasma-assisted processing. Microwave power of 100-200 W was used to excite the plasma which was emitted from an orifice of 25 rnm in diameter. The substrate were positioned 15 em away from the orifice of plasma source. Prior to nitridation is performed, the surface of n-type (001)GaAs was exposed to hydrogen plasma for 20 min at $300{\;}^{\circ}C$ in order to eliminate a native oxide formed on GaAs surface. Change from ring to streak in RHEED pattern can be obtained through the irradiation of hydrogen plasma, indicating a clean surface. Nitridation was carried out for 5-40 min at $RT-600{\;}^{\circ}C$ in a ECR plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy system. Typical chamber pressure was $7.5{\times}lO^{-4}$ Torr during the nitridations at $N_2$ flow rate of 10 seem.(omitted)mitted)