• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.849-855
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• 2012

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) pseudomonads have a large number of lipopolysaccharides on the cell surface, which induces immune responses. Cd-resistant PGPR prevalent at the Cd-affected sites under biophytostabilization was monitored. Transmissiom electron microscopy was used to the study the behavior of tolerance of PGPR to cadmium level and its effect on pseudomonad strains (Z9, S2, KNP2, CRPF, and NBRI). An immunosensor was developed by immobilizing antibody (anti-Z9 or anti-S2) against selected PGPR on a piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Immunosensors were found to supplement the inherent specificity of antigen-antibody reactions with the high sensitivity of a physical transducer. On comparison of the efficiency of detection with ELISA, the spectrophotometric technique, the developed immunosensor was found to be more sensitive, fast, and reliable even after regeneration for several times. Thus, the immunosensor may be used for future detection of PGPR strains after automation of the screening process.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.953-957
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• 2001

The specificity of conjugation site for coating ligands was investigated using toluene-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugates in which BSA was conjugated at the position of o-, m-, and ${\rho}-toluic$ acid. Toluene-BSA conjugated at ${\rho}-position$ showed a binding activity of about 89-95%, whereas, those conjugated at o- and m-position of toluene exhibited a binding activity of 5 and 11%, respectively. On the basis of the above result, coating ligands with various proteins (OVA, BSA, KLH) were compared by conjugating with $\rho-toluic$ acid, and toluene-KLH was considered as the best coating ligand for this ELISA. Indirect competitive ELISA method was developed using anti-toluene antibody and $\rho-position$ conjugated toluene-KLH. The dose-response curve constructed after kinetic and optimization studies showed a 1${\times}$10-4 - 1${\times}$102 mM detectable response range with 0.1 ${\mu}M$ detectability. In specificity test of the antibody, the binding capabilities of aromatic compounds substituted with nitro-, alkyl-, chloro-, and hydroxyl group were larger rather than those of aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene and xylene) themselves. Also, tests with soil and water samples that had been spiked with toluene resulted in 102.7-113.7% recovery.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.9-12
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was survey of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus antibody in Gyeongbuk province by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Total 690 samples collected from 15 pig farms were tested. The overall seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibodies was 63.2% (436/690) and 13 farms of 15 farms had at least one pig with PRRS virus antibodies. The seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibody varied with age. Results in 1 to 30 day old, 31 to 60 day old, 61 to 90 day old, 90 to 120 day old and over 120 day old pig were 58.3%, 36.0%, 68.0%, 84.0%, 80.0% and sow were 61.9% respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 1996

IBD's antibody level and morphological change of immune organ was examined in chicken. The results were as follows ; 1. Seventy percent at 42 day and 40% at 45 day of age chickens were reacted positively by the agar gel immunodiffusion test and 42 day and 45 day of age chickens indicated 1859, 1425 by the ELISA test, respectively. 2. In 2 and 5 day young broiler chickens, the level of maternal antibody was not proper. B/B ratio showed low level, but S/B ratio and BS were normal. 3. In layer, 100% of 8 and 86 day of age chicken and 70% at 40 day of age chicken had antibody aganist IBDV. The level of antibody was high as 2293 and 3336 in 8 and 86 day of age chicken, while was low as 1186 in 40 day of age chicken. B/B ratio showed low level and S/B ratio high level, but BS was normal.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 1997

Monoclonal antibodies were prepared in order to an assay method for Vibrio vulnificus. Sixteen mouse ybridoma cell lines were established by immunization of whole cell antigen to BALB/c mice, fusion with SP2/O myeloma cells, and cloning. Most of them secreted IgM.lambda. antibodies. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed with rabbit anti-V. vulnificus polyclonal antibodies as capture antibody, an IgM monoclonal antibody as detector antibody, and goat anti-mouse IgM-alkaline phosphatase conjugate as developer antibody. The range of detection was 10$\^$4/ to 10 V. vulnificus cells per microplate well. When four related Vibrio species were tested for cross-reactions, V. parahaemolyticus showed 3.5% reactively and V. carchariae, V. fluvialis, and V. furnisii showed negligibal (<1%) cross-reactivity.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1999

Thyroxine (3,5,3',5'-L-tetraiodothyronine; T$_4$) is the most commonly measured thyroid hermono for the diagnosis of various thyroid disorders. Although radioimmunoassay (RIA) is still considered as the reference technique for the measurement of T$_4$, it is generally regarded that RIA has its primary disadventages in handling the wastes and controling the human and material resources. Therefore, establishment of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has of great significance. To verify the usefulness of our enzyme immunoassay, we have obtained the standard dose response curve of T$_4$ in patient's sera which is inversely proportional to the amount of herseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated monoclonal antibody of T$_4$ bound to the wells. The correlation coefficient (r) between the ELISA and chemiluminescent assay was 0.444 (n=38). Thus we have investigated the establishment of rapid and sensitive competitive ELISA assay method for detection of T$_4$ in patient's sera.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.76-82
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• 1994

A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was developed to detect and quantify levels of the fungicide metalaxyl in crops. Antiserum against metalaxyl was demonstrated in rabbits immunized with metalaxyl-human serum albumin(HSA) conjugate. Metalaxyl-protein conjugate was prepared by mixed anhydride and peptide coupling method with EDC. In this assay, metalaxyl-ovalbumin(OA) was $coated(8{\mu}g/ml)$ on the microtiter plate, which was incubated for 1 hr at $4^{\circ}C$ or 4 hr at $37^{\circ}C$ with diluted antiserum(1:2,000). The optimum volume ratio of antigen and antibody mixture was 0.5: 1, which was incubated for 1 hr at $20^{\circ}C$. The detection of metalaxyl bound on the surface of wells was determined by the reaction(30 min) of antirabbit Ig G-peroxidase conjugate with its substrate.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2000

Since $Hantavax^{TM}$, formalin inactivated Hantaan virus vaccine (10,240 ELISA units/ml), has been developed in 1990 to prevent against haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan or Seoul virus, it has been commercially available in Korea. Twenty-one healthy people were booster shot once and twice after primary basic vaccination with $Hantavax^{TM}$. Seroconversion rates were measured by immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high density composite particle agglutination (HDPA), and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Seroconversion rates of 21 vaccinees at one year after primary basic vaccination were 52.3%, 95.2%, 0.0%, 47.6%, and 28.6%, and 13 vaccinees at one month after 1st booster vaccination were 100%, 100%, 30.7%, 100% and 100% by IFAT, ELISA (IgG, IgM), HDPA and PRNT, respectively. Seroconversion rates declined slightly by twenty months, and they were 84.6%, 92.3%, 0.0%, 84.6% and 69.2% by IFAT, ELISA (IgG, IgM), HDPA and PRNT, respectively. Seroconversion rates of 9 vaccinees at three months after 2nd booster vaccination were 100%, 100%, 0.0%, 100%, and 88.9%, and 16 vaccinees at one year after the 2nd booster vaccination were 87.5%, 93.8%, 0.0%, 87.5% and 81.3% by IFAT, ELISA (IgG, IgM), HDPA and PRNT, respectively. Based on the above result $Hantavax^{TM}$ has proved a vigorous anamnestic response after the 1st and the 2nd booster vaccination and has persisted higher fluorescence, agglutination and neutralizing antibody titers in vaccinees.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) has been a significant cause of economic losses in pig farming industry since 1950s. Although transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) has declined in recent years, it should not be excluded because of its characteristics; the frequency of gene mutation, the mortality in piglets, and the possibility for sudden incidence. Therefore, the herd-level monitoring of the virus is important to prevent further circulation of TGE. The aim of this study is to develop a large-scale sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with high specificity to rapidly detect TGEV in feces by using monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). The TGEV specific Mabs were produced in hybridoma cells. Among the Mabs belonged to the IgG class developed by this study, the final selected 8H6, 1B7, 4G3, and 1F8 were identified to have the neutralization ability against TGEV. The sandwich ELISA was established using 8H6 as a reporter antibody and 1B7 and the reported 5C8 as a capture antibody. The developed sandwich ELISA was able to distinguish TGEV from other pathogenic diarrheal agents (porcine rotavirus, porcine reovirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), E. coli, and C. perfringens) in tissue culture as well as fecal samples. And the detection rate of TGEV in feces was 80% compared with RT-PCR. The results suggested that the developed sandwich ELISA may be useful in the herd-level monitoring for effective preventive measures due to the early diagnosis of TGEV using a large amount of samples.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.237-243
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• 2019

Avian reovirus (ARV) is the pathogenic agent of tenosynovitis and malabsorption syndrome in broiler, which has caused significant economical losses due to poor feeder efficiency and stunting. In order to determine the prevalence of ARV infection in poultry farms in Jeonbuk province, Korea, we performed a surveillance study by testing 179 cecal samples from 131 broiler farms for virus detection, and 1,181 serum samples from 33 broiler farms (n=292) and 22 broiler breeder farms (n=1,525) for antibody detection in the province. Virological examination using RT-PCR showed that ARV were detected in 26.0% of the tested farms (34/131),with the highest positive rates in broilers of 6 days old or more in summer season. In serological test using ELISA, broiler and broiler breeder farms examined were all ARV antibody positive. In broiler, the positive rate and antibody titers showed a tendency to decrease with age in contrast to those of broiler breeders. Our results indicate that ARV is ubiquitous in broilers and broiler breeders in the province.