• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.390-401
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• 2000

In this study, numerical calculation is carried out to investigate the influence of injection timing, fuel amount, intake $O_2$ concentration, and EGR on Nitric Oxide(NO) formation using a two-zone model in a diesel engine. Results can be summarized as follows. The NO formation is very sensitive to the burned gas temperature, so multi-zone model must be applied to combustion process to predict the burned gas temperature exactly. Since the burned gas temperature increases rapidly during the premixed combustion, most NO is formed within 20 crank angle degrees after ignition. As the injection timing is retarded, the combustion occurs later in the expansion process which causes the decrease of burned gas temperature and, as a result, NO formation decrease. The increase of fuel amount results in the increase of earlier formation of NO in the engine. As the intake $O_2$ concentration increases, the maximum pressure and burned gas temperature increase due to activate combustion. And, [O] mole fraction of equilibrium combustion products also increase. Therefore NO exponentially increases. If exhaust gas is recirculated, the burned gas temperature decreases which results in NO decrease. If exhaust gas is cooled, more NO can be decreased.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1630-1636
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• 2003

Automobile companies and research institutions in leading automobile-manufacturing nations have recently been very active with research regarding the HCCI engine for use in future vehicles. Because HCCI engines take advantage of high compression ratio and heat release rate, they exhibit high efficiency found in compression ignition engines. HCCI engines also utilize a lean air/fuel ratio resulting in low emissions of NO$_{x}$ and PM (particulate matter). The objective of this research is to determine the effects of EGR rate on the combustion processes of HCCI. for this purpose, a 4-cylinder, compression ignition engine was converted into a HCCI engine, and a heating device was installed to raise the temperature of the intake air and also to make it more consistent. In addition, a pressure sensor was inserted into each of the cylinders to investigate the differences in characteristics among the cylinders. The experimental study of the effects of EGR rate on various gas emissions, engine performance, etc. should prove to be a valuable source of information for the development of the HCCI engine.e.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2008

In diesel engine technology the drive to reduce emissions and fuel consumption with improved performance targets has led to many advances. In particular, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) have played a key role in achieving these aims by permitting flexible control of the engine inlet gas charge. The full potential of these devices are difficult to achieve due to limitations in the classical control methods. However, fuzzy logic is particularly appealing due to its simple heuristic nature. The controller used in this work was designed using the Matlab Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The overall object is to access the potential for emissions and fuel consumption reductions during transient events whilst maintaining and even improving driveability. Classical control methods (PID), as used on production engines, are examined and contrasted with an coordinated control that utilizes fuzzy logic.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2594-2602
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• 2014

최근 환경오염에 대한 경각심이 높아지면서 대기오염의 원인인 자동차 배기가스에 대한 규제가 강화되고 있다. 이에 따라 자동차의 배기가스 규제를 만족하기 위해 각국의 자동차회사와 엔진 메이커에서 관련 기술 개발이 활발히 일어나고 있다. 이러한 자동차의 배기가스를 줄이고자 고안된 것이 배기가스 재순환 시스템이다. 배기가스 규제가 점차 엄격해지면서 보다 신속하고 정밀한 제어를 위하여 전자식 모터나 솔레노이드 밸브를 사용하는 시스템의 사용이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 이에 따라 배기가스 저감과 시스템의 성능 및 효율 향상을 위한 요소부품의 최적화가 필요할 뿐만 아니라, 요소부품의 설계 및 제작기술 확보를 통한 전자제어식 시스템 최적설계기술개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 배기가스 재순환을 위한 전자식 EGR밸브의 위치제어응답성을 적용한 제어로직과 실험결과를 통해서 제시하고자 한다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.385-390
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• 2006

A fast response $CO_2$ analyzer has been developed to study transient characteristics on an SI engine. The analyzer has the delay time of 4.5 ms and time constant of 2.8 ms, which is fast enough to measure $CO_2$ concentration on a transient condition. Wide range of A/F(Air/Fuel) ratio can be estimated using the analyzer with an additional switch type oxygen sensor. The results of measurement of $CO_2$ concentration and A/F ratio on a transient condition including rapid acceleration/deceleration and EGR(Ehxaust Gas Recirculation) on/off are presented and compared with a commercial exhaust gas analyzer and UEGO(Universial Exhaust Gas Oxyzen) sensor.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2008

This research investigated variations of the engine performance and the exhaust emission characteristic of a direct injection diesel engine by fueling a commercial diesel fuel, which was blended with the di-ether group (butyl-ether: BE). The smoke emission reduced to 26% from the diesel engine with the blending fuel (diesel fuel 80 vol-% + BE 20 vol-%)at the full engine load of 2500 rpm compared to it with the diesel fuel only. The power, torque and brake specific energy consumption of the diesel engine showed very slight differences. The NOx emission from the diesel engine, however, with the blended fuel was higher than with the commercial diesel fuel only. By applying EGR method, as a counter plan of the NOx reduction, this research obtained reductions of the smoke and NOx emission at the same time from the diesel engine with the BE blended diesel fuel.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2016

Exhaust gas recirculation has the advantage of being low-cost and easy to control of NOx emission. Therefore, it is most generally used to reduce NOx emission according to strengthen regulation. In the case of a non-road engine, such as the agricultural engine, since it mainly operate a middle or high-load state, NOx emission is decreased in accordance with the mapping range of the EGR rate, but results in an increase in the particulate matter which is caused to deposit and fouling problem of the EGR system. This problem has become an important issue for maintaining the performance of the engine, as well as emission performance. This study had examined the effects of cooler aging on the performance of heat transfer efficiency and NOx emission in non-road diesel engine. As a result of the EGR cooler aging during 200 hours engine operation, the cooling performance decreased about 25% compared with that of fresh cooler and the NOx emission increased about 14.6% on NRSC(non-road steady cycle) and 20% on NRTC(non-road transient cycle) compared with that of fresh cooler respectively.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2015

This study presents a model-based gain scheduling strategy for PI-based EGR controllers. The air-to-fuel ratio is used as an indirect measurement of the EGR rate. In order to cope with the nonlinearity and parameter varying characteristics of the EGR system, we proposed a static gain model of the EGR system using a new scheduling parameter. With the 810 steady-state measurements, the static gain model achieved 0.94 of R-squared value. Based on the static gain of the EGR system, the PI gains were robustly designed using quantitative feedback theory. Consequently, the gains of the PI controller are scheduled according to the static gain parameter of the EGR path in runtime. The proposed model-based gain scheduling strategy was validated through various operating conditions of engine experiments such as setpoint step responses and disturbance rejections.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2012년도 제45회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.179-182
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• 2012

Effect of double post injections on diesel PCCI combustion with focus on HC emission was investigated in a single-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. The ISFC, HC and CO emissions were reduced by single or double post injections. The application of double post injections could also improve the trade-off relationship between NOx and HC emissions under wide EGR rate range.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1997년도 제25회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.247-252
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• 1997

최근 자동차 배기 가스에 대한 규제가 강화되고 있고, 특히 자동차 매연중 대젤 차량에 대한 배기 가스 저감이 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 이러한 배기 가스 규제에 대응하기 위하여 엔진의 여러 부위에 대한 설계변경이 이루어지고 있다. 설계변경의 대표적인 예로는 피스톤 탑 링(top piston ring)의 위치를 현재보다 위로 하고 피스톤과 라이너 사이의 간극을 좁게하여 크레비스 볼륨을 줄이거나, 연로 분사 시기 지연, 배기가스재순환(EGR, Exhaust Gas Recirculation)장치 등이 있다. 본 보고에서는 모사 실험 결과에 추가하여 엔진 시험을 수행함으로써 엔진유의 분산 특성및 산화안정성에 미치는 기유와 첨가제의 영향을 조사하였다.