• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.767-769
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• 2017

다중 셀 구조를 가지고 양끝이 열린 원통형 실드케이스를 3차원 유한요소법으로 해석하였다. 해석공간의 크기는 $2m{\times}2m{\times}2m$였고 원통형 실드케이스의 크기는 길이가 0.6m이고 반경이 0.1m, 0.08m, 0.06m, 0.04m, 두께는 모두 1mm였다. 실드케이스의 재질은 금속자성체로 투자율을 50,000으로 하였다. 기준자계는 수평방향이 24A/m, 수직방향이 36A/m인 지자계로 하였고 이것을 경계조건으로 하였다. 또한 해석 시에는 실드케이스의 길이방향을 지자계의 수평방향에 $0^{\circ}$ 그리고 $90^{\circ}$로 배치하였다. 실드케이스의 중심에서의 자계는 실드케이스의 층수의 증가에 따라 감소하였으며 $0^{\circ}$로 하였을 때, $4.45{\times}10^{-2}A/m$였고 $90^{\circ}$로 회전하였을 때, $6.66{\times}10^{-4}A/m$였다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

The objectives of this research were the reduction of membrane fouling and improvement of sludge properties by using synthesized H-ZSM-5 and NH₄-ZSM-5 zeolites. These two nano zeolites were synthesized and added to the membrane bioreactor (MBR). Three similar MBRs with the same operational condition were used in order to evaluate their effect on the mentioned matters. The evaluated parameters were trans-membrane pressure (TMP), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size distribution (PSD), soluble microbial product (SMP), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and, excitation-emission matrix (EEM). The MBR₀ was without any additional zeolite while 0.4 g/L of H-ZSM-5 and NH₄-ZSM-5 were added to MBR_HZSM-5 and MBR_NH4ZSM-5, respectively. The COD removal of the MBR₀, MBR_H-ZSM-5 and MBR_NH4-ZSM-5 were 87.5%, 93.3% and 94.6%, respectively. The TMP of the MBR_H-ZSM-5 was 45% less than MBR₀ whereas the reduction for MBR_NH4-ZSM-5 was 65.5%. Also results showed that both H-ZSM-5 and NH₄-ZSM-5 caused reduction in protein and polysaccharide related EPS but the NH₄-ZSM-5 had better performance toward the elimination of organic compounds.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.755-764
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• 2016

Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) processes can be implemented on a number of water types, using different technologies and achieving various power outcomes. In this study, Sewage facility effluent was used for feed solution of PRO and synthetic NaCl water for draw solution. This study was conducted to investigate effect of water quality of pretreatment on power density and flux decline in PRO process. The results show that organic and particulate foulants have to be removed for more stable operation. Flourescence technique with EEM enables to investigate the chemical properties of aquatic organic matter by extracting spectral information. Humic/fulvic matters and soluble microbial by-products were analyzed as the most affecting factors on the PRO performance. As a result of analyzing the whole system based on the energy consumption of the unit process, specific energy consumption(SEC) of the applicable technology for PRO pre-treatment should be about $0.2kWh/m^3$ or less.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.482-489
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• 2007

Fluorescence properties and carbohydrate content were investigated using ultrafiltrated size fractions of dissolved organic matters (DOM) originated from different sources. The materials included a treated sewage, an algal organic matter, and a soil leachate, all of which are major constituents of dissolved organic matter in a typical urban river. Four different size fractions were separated from the three sources of each DOM. The size distribution demonstrated that a higher molecular weight fraction was more present in soil leachate compared to two other source DOMs. A higher content of carbohydrates was observed in the following order - algal DOM > treated sewage > soil leachate. A wide range of specific UV absorbance was observed from size fractions of a single source DOM, indicating that aromatic carbon structures are heterogeneously distributed within one source of DOM. The structural heterogeneity was the most pronounced for the soil leachate. The fluorescence index ($F_{450}/F_{500}$) of the treated sewage was similar to that (2.0) typically obtained from autochthonous DOM, suggesting that the treated sewage exhibited autochthonous organic matter-like properties. No protein-like fluorescence intensities were observed for all of the soil leachate size fractions whereas they were observed with two other source DOMs. Based upon the fluorescence peak ratios from fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM), two discrimination indices could be suggested to distinguish three different source DOMs. It is expected that the suggested discrimination indices will be useful to predict the sources of DOM in a typical urban river affected by treated sewage.

• 한국정보기술학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2017

본 논문은 서포터 생성 기법으로 형태학적 기하학 연산을 대신하여 층 단면 영상에 형태학적 영상 처리를 적용함으로 서포터를 생성하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기하학적 연산 비용은 일반적으로 형태에 의존적이지만 본 방법은 영상 내의 형태에 무관하게 적용된다. 돌출부에 대한 외부 서포터 영역을 얻는 방법으로 2개의 층 단면 영상에 대한 형태학적 영상 처리 방법 및 처리 과정의 예를 보였다. 내부 서포터 영역에 대하여 하나의 층 단면으로부터 침식과 열림을 통해 얻는 과정을 나타내었다. 그리고 이러한 서포터 영역을 얻고 서포터 구조를 통한 서포터를 생성하였다. 이어서 제작한 DLP 프린터에 서포터 구조를 가진 조형물을 제작하였다. 또, 서포터 형태에 따라 조형되는 소재의 특성이 조형에 주는 변화를 통해 소재에 따른 개별적인 서포터 구조를 통한 서포터 생성 방법의 필요성을 확인하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2021

후쿠시마 원전사고 발생으로 다수기의 지진안전성에 관한 연구의 필요성이 부각되었다. 한 부지에 건설된 원자력발전소의 경우 유사한 지진응답을 보이기 때문에 적게나마 원자력발전소 SSCs간의 지진손상에 대하여 상관성이 존재하므로 합리적 지진안전성 평가를 위하여 지진손상 상관성을 고려하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 쌍둥이 호기의 필수전원상실사건에 대하여 확률론적 지진안전성 평가를 수행하였다. 적절한 지진손상 상관계수를 도출하기 위하여 확률론적 지진응답해석을 수행하여 적용하였다. External Event Mensuration System 프로그램을 활용하여 다수기의 필수전원상실사건의 고장수목을 구성하여 지진취약도 및 지진리스크를 분석하였다. 또한 SSCs간의 지진손상 상관성을 완전독립 및 완전종속으로 고려하여 비교 분석을 수행하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2021

Nuclear power plant's safety against seismic events is evaluated as risk values by probabilistic seismic safety assessment. The risk values vary by the seismic failure correlation between the structures, systems, and components (SSCs). However, most probabilistic seismic safety assessments idealized the seismic failure correlation between the SSCs as entirely dependent or independent. Such a consideration results in an inaccurate assessment result not reflecting real physical phenomenon. A nuclear power plant's seismic risk should be calculated with the appropriate seismic failure correlation coefficient between the SSCs for a reasonable outcome. An accident scenario that has an enormous impact on a nuclear power plant's seismic risk was selected. Moreover, the probabilistic seismic response analyses of a nuclear power plant were performed to derive appropriate seismic failure correlations between SSCs. Based on the analysis results, the seismic failure correlation coefficient between SSCs was derived, and the seismic fragility curve and core damage frequency of the loss of essential power event were calculated. Results were compared with the seismic fragility and core damage frequency of assuming the seismic failure correlations between SSCs were independent and entirely dependent.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2019

The seismic safety of nuclear power plants has always been emphasized by the effects of accidents. In general, the seismic safety evaluation of nuclear power plants carries out a seismic probabilistic safety assessment. The current probabilistic safety assessment assumes that damage to the structure, system, and components (SSCs) occurs independently to each other or perfect dependently to each other. In case of earthquake events, the failure event occurs with the correlation due to the correlation between the seismic response of the SSCs and the seismic performance of the SSCs. In this study, the EEMS (External Event Mensuration System) code is developed which can perform the seismic probabilistic safety assessment considering correlation. The developed code is verified by comparing with the multiplier n, which is for calculating the joint probability of failure, which is proposed by Mankamo. It is analyzed the changes in seismic fragility curves and seismic risks with correlation. As a result, it was confirmed that the seismic fragility curves and seismic risk change according to the failure correlation coefficient. This means that it is important to select an appropriate failure correlation coefficient in order to perform a seismic probabilistic safety assessment. And also, it was confirmed that carrying out the seismic probabilistic safety assessment in consideration of the seismic correlation provides more realistic results, rather than providing conservative or non-conservative results comparing with that damage to the SSCs occurs independently.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.261-266
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• 2021

Nuclear power plants in Korea were designed and evaluated based on the NRC's Regulatory Guide 1.60, a design response spectrum for nuclear power plants. However, it can be seen that the seismic motion characteristics are different when analyzing the Gyeongju earthquake and the Pohang earthquake that has recently occurred in Korea. Compared to the design response spectrum, seismic motion characteristics in Korea have a larger spectral acceleration in the high-frequency region. Therefore, in the case of equipment with a high natural frequency installed in a nuclear power plant, seismic performance may be reduced by reflecting the characteristics of domestic seismic motions. The failure modes of the equipment are typically structural failure and functional failure, with an anchorage failure being a representative type of structural failure. In this study, comparative analyses were performed to decide whether to consider the inelastic behavior of the anchorage or not. As a result, it was confirmed that the seismic performance of the anchorages could be increased by considering the inelastic behavior of an anchorage.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2022

Numerous studies have investigated the occurrence and fate of microplastics in the environment; however, only limited effort has been devoted to exploring the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) leached from microplastics. In microplastic (MP)-contaminated environment, MPs are typically mixed with naturally-occurring particles, which interferes with their detection in the environment. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish between the DOM leached from MPs and those leached from natural particles and also to characterize their properties. This study investigated DOM leaching behavior from MPs (polystyrene: PS, polyvinylchloride: PVC) and natural particulates (forest soil: FS, litter leaves: LL) under light, which is considered one of the main weathering processes that affect MPs in the environment. The leached DOM concentrations and fluorescence characteristics were compared under dark versus light conditions. Regardless of the origins, UV light promoted DOM release from all the particulates. More DOM was released from natural particles than from MPs under both conditions. However, the effect of promoting DOM release by UV was more pronounced for MPs than for natural particles. It was observed from fluorescence spectra that the intensity of the humic-like region was substantially reduced when MP-derived DOM was exposed to UV light, whereas the change of intensity was very little for natural particles. Under light conditions, the ratio of protein-like to humic-like fluorescence of MP-derived DOM was higher than that of DOM from natural particles. This study implies that a substantial amount of DOM could be leached from MPs even in MP-polluted environment under UV irradiation. Protein/humic fluorescence ratio could be utilized as a fast probing indicator to separate the two sources of particles under light.