• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.88-96
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• 2009

In this paper we suggest the EEF technique to improve the performance of U-Health System. The idea of the EEF technique is that a sensor node sends only the abnormal data of patients to the base node. This technique reduces the amount of data transfer between a base node and sensor nodes, and so the power consumption of sensor nodes will be saved. And also the processing cost of base node will be reduced. In the suggested U-Health System based on EEF technique, electrocardiogram sensors and GPS sensors are used to send the electrocardiogram and position information of patients to a server. The server analyzes the health state of patients from base nodes and sends the information about the patients in the emergent state to the nearest hospital. Through the simulation, we have confirmed the suitability of EEF technique for U-Health System.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate effect of evodiae fructus on acute reflux esophigitis rat induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation operation. Methods : Twenty-four laboratory rats were divided four groups and each group had six rats ; normal intact group, acute reflux esophagitis (RE) control group, two experiment RE group treated extract of evodiae fructus 600 mg/kg (EEF600) and 300 mg/kg (EEF300). All rats was fasted for 18 hr but free water, we induced RE by pylorus and forestomach ligation operation. Intact group and RE control group rats were orally administered a distilled water and two experiment groups were orally administed with EEF 600 mg/5ml/kg and 300 mg/5ml/kg. One hour after, rats were anesthetized, intact group was cut the abdomen open and sutured with 2.0 silk thread. RE control group and EEF group were cut the abdomen open, ligated pyloric canal and forestomach with 2.0 silk thread and sutured. Six hour after the operation, rats were sacrified, collected bloods in the abdominal vein, disectted a esophagus and stomach. The stomach was washed a 1 ml PBS and the esophagus was cut longitudinally and pictured a innter mucosa area to research damages in esophagus. Results : The esophagic tissue damage percentage of reflux esophagitis rat was increased compared to that of normal intact group. But esophagic damage percentage of EEF 600 were significantly decreased compared to that of RE control group. But there was no difference on gastric juice pH between control RE, alpha-tocopherol administration rat group and EEF administration rat group. In esophagus of RE control rat, gastric damage occurred severely and injury percentage of mucosa were increased, but EEF 600 mucous inflammatory damage percentage was significantly compared to that of RE control group. Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in serum on RE control group were markedly grew than those of intact rat, those of vechicle group treated with EEF 600 and EEF 300 were remarkably decreased compared to production of proinflammatory cytokine of RE control group. In microscopic observation, intact group rat had no hyperemia, mucous injury and exclusion, ulcer and edema. But it could showed mucosa damages, submucosa edema and ulcer in RE control. However, administration of EEF 600 and EEF 300 made esophagus have less inflammation and injury by gastric acid. Conclusions : The results suggest that antiinflammatory Effect of EEF could attenuate the severity of reflux esophagitis and prevent the esophageal mucosal damage, and validate its therapeutic use in esophageal reflux disease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.953-957
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• 2006

The eukaryotic elongation factor 1 A (EEF1A) participates in protein synthesis by forming the eEF1A GTP tRNA complex to deliver aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site of ribosomes. This study described cDNA sequences and partial genomic structure of porcine EEF1A1. The porcine EEF1A1 gene encoded a protein with 462 amino acids, which shared complete homology with human, chimpanzee and dog. The temporal expression pattern showed the diversity of EEF1A1 level in mRNA was relatively minor in prenatal embryo skeletal muscle, however, the expression decreased during aging after birth in skeletal muscle of the Chinese Tongcheng pig. The spatial expression patterns indicated that the gene expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, lung, liver, kidney, fat and spleen. In addition, we assigned the gene to porcine chromosome 1 using a radiation hybrid panel.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.33-47
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• 2019

The environmental ecological flow (EEF) of stream or river will be designated according to the enforcement of the Water Environment Preservation Act. Previous researches by Ministry of Environment have proposed agricultural reservoirs as alternative resources to secure river flow where multi-purpose dam does not exist. However, agricultural reservoirs are constructed for the supply of agricultural water, and in fact, there is not a sufficient amount of water to be supplied to rivers as EEF. Therefore, this study examines the economic feasibility of securing EEF through the remodeling or construction of agricultural reservoirs. We investigated water balance of reservoir through simulation of three types of water supply demands such as agricultural water, agricultural water and river maintenance flow, and agricultural water and environmental ecology flow. The economics analysis was conducted on water supply demands and corresponding remodeling or construction of reservoirs. As a result, it was found that the method of securing through heightening existing reservoir enhancement is economically feasible. However, it was not possible to secure all the amount of the EEF due to the size limitation of existing reservoirs or constrain of the watershed for newly built reservoir. Therefore, in order to secure all of the EEF, the utilization of other alternatives as well as agricultural reservoirs should be considered. This study demonstrated the method of economical feasibility study of securing river maintenace flow and EEF using agricultural reservoirs and other considerations.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.545-553
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• 2012

Eco-efficiency considers both environmental impacts and economic values. It is a useful tool for communicating with stakeholders for business decision making. This study evaluated the eco-efficiency factor (EEF) for the energy network of a dyeing company that supplies surplus heat to a neighboring apartment during the night. This symbiosis network is one of the eco-industrial park (EIP) projects in Korea and aims to benefit local residents and the industrial complex by utilizing surplus heat. In this study, two categories were annualized. The first quantified environmental burden based on $CO_2$ emissions and quantified product value in terms of steam sales. The second used a variety of environmental factors, such as fossil fuel, water and waste, to quantify environmental burden and used steam sales to quantify value. The EEF of the symbiosis network was 1.6, using the global warming impact, and determined using the multiple variable, was 1.33. This study shows that the EEF depends on variable details of environmental burden but the values of this project were very high contrast to other business or EIP project.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.16C no.6
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• pp.699-706
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• 2009

The convergence tendency accelerates the realization of the ubiquitous healthcare (u-Healthcare) between the technology including the power generaation and IT-BT-NT of the ubiquitous computing technology. By rapidly analyzing a large amount of collected from the sensor network with processing and delivering to the medical team an u-Healthcare can provide a patient for an inappropriate regardless of the time and place. As to the existing u-Healthcare, since the sensor node all transmitted collected data by using with the Zigbee protocol the processing burden of the base node was big and there was many communication frequency of the sensor node. In this paper, the u-Healthcare system in which it can efficiently apply to mobile apparatuses it provided the transfer rate in which it is superior to the bio-signal delivery where there are the life and direct relation which by using the Bluetooth instead of the Zigbee protocol and in which it is variously used in the ubiquitous environment was designed. Moreover, by applying the EEF(Embedded Event Filtering) technique in which data in which it includes in the event defined in advance selected and it transmits with the base node, the communication frequency and were reduced. We confirmed to be the system in which it is efficient through the simulation result than the existing Electrocardiogram Measurement system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.1
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• pp.96-106
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper was to identify the effects of elimination of entrance fee (EEF) affecting visitor's satisfaction (VS) and management sectors such as natural resources (NRs), park facilities, transportation, visitor service, visitor atmosphere (VA) in national parks (NPs). This research had obtained data through a questionnaire, which surveyed 336 visitors at Gayasan NP in 2006. The data were analyzed the data using descriptive statistical methods, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression method. It was found that 1) About EEF, 72.6% of respondents agreed. 2) As entrance fee was abolished, respondents predicted that degree of VA such as crowding, waste throwing, disorder etc. grew worse most. On the other hands, respondents predicted number and quality of commercial lodging facilities, festival, and local products would improved. 3) Respondents predicted that degree of VS would worse. 4) in multiple regression analysis, the relative contribution of the VA on VS have been determined to have respectively 1.84 times more important than that of the change degree of NRs. The results suggested that the management of VA in NP was the most important factor to prevent decline of VS. This paper would be helpful to establish national park management policy after EEF.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.240-245
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• 2010

The effects of controlled energy restriction and duration of pre-incubation egg holding on fertility, hatchability and hatch losses were evaluated in aged broiler breeders (64 wk). The energy (ME) required for maintenance, activity, growth and anticipated egg production was calculated and offered to a control group (283-471 kcal/kg) from 21-64 weeks of age. In three other groups, ME was quantitatively reduced either by 20% (SER; severe energy restriction) or 10% (MER; moderate energy restriction) and increased by10% (EEF; excess energy feeding) over the control group (CER; controlled energy restriction). Each diet was offered to 130 pullets in individual cages, and the quantity of ME increased with age. At the end of 64 weeks, fertile eggs were collected from each dietary group for 11 consecutive days and grouped under 4 holding periods based on the length of storage (2, 5, 8 or 11 d). The influence of energy regimes, egg holding intervals and their interaction was evaluated on fertility, hatch losses and hatchability. Broiler breeders maintained on SER regime (231-419 kcal/d) produced maximum number of eggs (993) followed by MER (819), CER (624) and EEF (438) during the 11-day period. The percent fertility and hatchability was significantly (p$\leq$0.05) higher in SER and MER groups compared to CER and EEF. However, energy regimes did not influence the loss in egg weight during pre-incubation storage, shell weight, shell thickness or hatch losses as dead germs and dead in shell. The improvement in hatchability in SER and MER groups appeared to be closely related to higher fertility and lower embryonic mortality. Holding of eggs for 11 days showed a linear loss in egg weight with the length of storage, but did not influence the fertility and hatch losses. The percent hatchability on eggs set was maximum when storage period was restricted to 5 days. The interaction between energy regimes and egg holding periods exhibited better hatchability results with SER regime when eggs were held for 5 days. Response to MER was not different from SER. It was obvious that energy restriction during production period had a positive influence on egg number, fertility and hatchability in aged breeders. At 64 weeks of age, holding of fertile eggs for 5 days prior to incubation was adequate for optimum hatchability in breeders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.132-141
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• 2013

Robotic Drilling Systems(RDSs) set the standard for the factory automation systems in aerospace manufacturing. With the benefits of cost effective drilling and predictive maintenance, RDSs can provide greater flexibility in the manufacturing process. The system can be easily adopted to manage very complex and time-consuming processes, such as automated fastening hole drilling processes of large aircraft sections, where it would be difficult accomplished by workers following teaching or conventional guided methods. However, in order to build an RDS based on a CAD model, the precise calibration of the Tool Center Point(TCP) must be performed in order to define the relationships between the fastening-hole target and the End Effector(EEF). Based on the kinematics principle, the robot manipulator requires a new method to correct the 3D errors between the CAD model of the reference coordinate system and the actual measurements. The system can be called as a successful system if following conditions can be met; a. seamless integration of the industrial robot controller and the IO Level communication, b. performing pre-defined drilling procedures automatically. This study focuses on implementing a new technology called iGPS into the fastening-hole-drilling process, which is a critical process in aircraft manufacturing. The proposed system exhibits better than 100-micron 3D accuracy under the predefined working space. Based on the proposed EEF fastening-hole machining process, the corresponding processes and programs are developed, and its feasibility is studied.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.214-217
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• 2010

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 기술의 발전과 IT-BT-NT를 포함한 기술간 컨버전스 경향은 유비쿼터스 헬스케어(u-Healthcare)의 실현을 가속화하고 있다. u-Healthcare 시스템은 센서 네트워크로부터 수집된 대량의 생체신호를 신속히 처리 분석하여 의료진에게 전달함으로써 시간과 장소에 관계없이 환자에게 적절한 의료 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 기존의 u-Healthcare 시스템은 모든 이벤트를 전송하였다. 본 논문에서는 미리 정의된 이벤트에 속하는 데이터만 선별하여 베이스 노드로 전송하는 EEF(Embedded Event Filtering) 기법을 적용하여 통신 빈도수와 처리 비용을 줄였다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 기존의 심전도 측정시스템보다 효율적인 시스템임을 확인하였다.