• 제목/요약/키워드: ECOSYSTEM DISTURBANCE SPECIES

검색결과 141건 처리시간 0.025초

전국자연환경조사 데이터 정제와 표준화 방안 연구 (A Study on the Data Cleaning and Standardization of National Ecosystem Survey in Korea)

  • 권용수;송교홍;김목영;김기동
    • 생태와환경
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    • 제53권4호
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    • pp.380-389
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구에서는 최근, 자연환경의 변화에 따른 생태계 예측과 지속가능한 개발과 보전의 정량적 근거 제시를 위해 전세계적으로 연구중요도와 활용도가 높아지고 있는 생태 조사연구 데이터의 정제와 표준화 및 서비스 방안에 대하여 제시하였다. 1997년부터 매 10년 단위로 전국을 대상으로 수행된 제2차, 제3차 전국자연환경조사 결과와 2014년부터 매 5년 단위로 수행된 제4차 전국자연환경조사 결과를 대상으로 전국자연환경조사 지침을 따라 별도 개발된 입력 오류 검증 프로그램을 통해 1차 정제 후 분야별 전문가의 검수를 거쳤다. 또한, 국내외 데이터 표준 사례들을 분석하여 국내의 자연환경과 생태조사 자료인 생태정보를 표준화하는 방안을 제시하였다. 전국자연환경조사 결과에 대해 (1) 조사자료인 데이터 용어의 표준화, (2) 유사한 유형의 데이터 테이블 통합 및 (3) 불필요한 속성과 입력오류를 제거하였고 (4) 현장 조사자 별로 상이한 입력항목의 단일화, (5) 데이터를 일련번호 코드로 정리하고 (6) 입력항목별 코드 매핑을 수행하였다. 연구결과, 연구자와 일반인들이 활용하기 쉽도록 전국자연환경조사 데이터를 정제하고 국내 최초의 생태데이터 표준안 마련의 기반을 수립하였다. 또한, 연구결과로 산출된 전국자연환경조사 데이터는 국내의 환경영향평가, 서식지 보전지역 설정, 멸종위기종 분포 예측, 기후변화에 따른 생태계 위험 예측은 물론, 국외 생태정보 연계 등에 손쉽게 공유 및 활용가능하여 다양한 환경정책수립과 관련 연구활성화에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구를 통해 정제된 전국자연환경조사 데이터는 국립생태원에서 국내 최초로 개발중인 생태정보포털서비스 시스템인 에코뱅크 (http://nie-ecobank.kr)를 통해 개방하여 누구나 온라인상에서 쉽게 접근하고 활용할 수 있도록 하였다.

서양금혼초 부위별 추출물의 티로신에이즈, α-글루코시다아제 저해활성 및 항산화효과 (Tyrosinase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities and Antioxidant Effects of Extracts from Different Parts of Hypochaeris radicata)

  • 고현민;엄태길;송선경;조가영;김주성
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.139-145
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    • 2017
  • Background: Invasion of these invasive plants in the ecosystem threatens the habitat of endemic species, reduces biodiversity, and causes a disturbance in the ecological system. Hypochaeris radicata L. (Asteraceae), the most invasive plant in Korea, particularly in Jeju Island, invades farmlands, and autochthonous forests, resulting in the establishment of monocultures and modification of the ecosystem structure. Methods and Results: In this study was, we evaluated the biological activity of 70% ethanolic extracts from different parts of Hypochaeris radicata L. The biological activities of 70% ethanolic extracts of different parts, such as flower, leaf, stem, and root, of H. radicata were investigated. The total polyphenol content was highest in flower extracts ($50.82{\pm}3.16mg{\cdot}QE/g$). In addition, the highest flavonoid content was observed in flower extract ($15.19{\pm}2.03mg{\cdot}QE/g$). The flower extract of H. radicata exhibited stronger DPPH radical-scavenging activities, ABTS radical scavenging activities, and reducing power than the other parts. The flower extract of H. radicata was observed to have the highest tyrosinase and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities. Conclusions: The flower extracts of H. radicata exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity as well as tyrosinase and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory effects. These activities might be related to the phenolic compounds present in the H. radicata flower extract.

안동시 소나무재선충병 피해지에 대한 생태학적 특성 (Ecological Characteristics of Pine Wilt Disease affected areas in Andong city, Korea)

  • 김성열;박준성;문건수;최재용
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.35-53
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    • 2021
  • A field survey was carried out targeting 59 pine wilt disease control areas distributed in Andong, and the ecological characteristics of the areas affected by pine wilt disease were analyzed using vegetation information, ecological information, and land use information. Vegetation characteristics of Pine wilt disease affected forest area showed a 3-layer vegetation structure, high percentage of accidental occurrence species (37%) and secondary vegetation species (59.6%), appearing 12 taxa naturalized plants and 3 taxa ecosystem disturbance organisms designated by the Ministry of Environment. Ecological information of Pine wilt affected area showed frequent occurrence of water stress in south and west slopes, low lying grounds in mountains, and in well-drained soils. Also, surrounding the area has been used as roads, tombs, and cultivation where intensive human activities were the cause of disturbance and stress to the pine forest. It was analyzed that the pine forest in Andong city suffered extensive damage due to the onset of pine wilt disease while the pine trees were weakened due to continuous human activities. Conclusively, the spread and onset of pine wilt disease are worsened by artificial factors than natural environmental conditions.

보길도(전남) 적자봉 일대의 관속식물상 유형별 특성 (Characteristics Type of Vascular Plants in Jeokjabong, Bogil Island(Jeonnam))

  • 오현경;변무섭
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.25-40
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    • 2011
  • The vascular plants in Jeokjabong, Bogil Island were listed 350 taxa composed of 89 families, 233 genera, 309 species, 1 subspecies, 36 varieties and 4 forms. Divided into woody plants were 142 taxa (40.6%) and herbaceous plants were 208 taxa (59.4%). Based on the list of rare and endangered species by Korea Forest Service and Korea National Arboretum, 3 taxa were recorded; Celtis choseniana, Asarum maculatum, Rubus sorbifolius, and endemic plants, 10 taxa were recorded; Asarum maculatum, Cephalotaxus koreana, Carpinus coreana, Celtis choseniana, Lespedeza maritima, Indigofera koreana, Dendropanax morbifera, Ligustrum quihoui var. latifolium, Weigela subsessilis, Carex okamotoi, and plant species subject to permission for taking abroad, 4 taxa were recorded; Celtis choseniana, Asarum maculatum, Vaccinium oldhami, Carex okamotoi. Based on the list of floristic regional indicator plants by Korean Ministry of Environment were total 64 taxa (18.3% of all 350 taxa of vascular plants); Ligustrum quihoui var. latifolium in class IV, 19 taxa (Stauntonia hexaphylla, Cinnamomum japonicum, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Daphniphyllum macropodum, Centella asiatica, Verbena officinalis, Mitchella undulata, etc.) in class III, 5 taxa (Potentilla dickinsii, Ostericum melanotilingia, Sanicula rubriflora, Caryopteris incana, Teucrium veronicoides) in class II and 39 taxa (Gleichenia dichotoma, Cyrtomium fortunei, Aphananthe aspera, Rubus hirsutus, Meliosma myriantha, Hedera rhombea, Ainsliaea apiculata, etc.) in class I. Based on the list of naturalized plants, 5 families, 17 genera, 20 taxa (Phytolacca americana, Lepidium virginicum, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Verbesina alternifolia, Lolium perenne, etc.) and naturalization rate was 5.7% of all 350 taxa of vascular plants. Hereafter natural ecosystem into disturbance on naturalized plants and legal protection species and rare and endangered species distribute in the Bogil Island, precision investigation after management counterplan of the monitoring a point of view be required.

생태계교란식물인 돼지풀아재비의 발생특성과 관리 (Occurrence characteristics and management of Parthenium hysterophorus, an ecosystem disturbing plant)

  • 이인용;김승환;이용호;송해룡;김백준;우성현;조아람;홍선희
    • 환경생물
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    • 제41권1호
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    • pp.31-40
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    • 2023
  • 환경부에서 생태계교란식물로 추가 지정된 돼지풀아재비의 분포, 형태·생리·생태적 특성 그리고 다양한 제거방법 등을 정리하여 효율적인 관리방안을 제시하고자 한다. 중앙아메리카가 원산지인 돼지풀아재비는 전 세계적으로 45개국에서 발생하고 있지만, 우리나라에서는 경상남도 통영 및 창원의 일부지역에서만 생육하고 있다. 이 식물은 한해살이풀로 종자로 확산되며, 수입 농산물에 포함되거나 차량이나 농업용 기계에 부착되어 인근으로 그 영역을 넓히고 있다. 돼지풀아재비의 줄기와 뿌리에서 타감물질인 파르테닌 등이 분비되어 주변 식생의 발생을 억제한다. 또한 다양한 알레르겐을 함유하고 있어 인간과 가축에 피해를 주는 식물이다. 돼지풀아재비와 같은 유해식물이 발생되면 관계기관에 신고하는 제도적인 관리방안이 마련되어야 한다. 돼지풀아재비의 줄기를 절단하거나 제거하는 등의 물리적 방법 그리고 glyphosate와 같은 비선택성 제초제 처리로 방제할 수 있다. 생물학적 방제연구는 많이 수행되었으나, 우리나라의 법률과 제도의 미비로 국내에 적용 가능한 것은 제한적이다.

마을의 비보연못 특성 및 관리 - 강진 달마지 마을을 사례로 - (Characteristics and Management of Complementary Pond of Village - in Case of Dalmaji Village in Gangjin-gun -)

  • 박재철;한상엽;김도균
    • 농촌계획
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.157-165
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is on identifying charactreistics and management direction of complementary pond of Dalmaji village in Gangjin. Accordingly, this village was indicated as Experience and Resort village by Korean government. This study describes the construction background and characteristics and identifies species diversity and characteristics through field survey. For this, literature and field survey was performed. In field survey, vegetational survey was performed in Aug. of 2015. D(Dominant degree) and S(Sociability degree) was measured by Brown-Blanquet's method. The answer was searched from Myungsanron(明山論), a textbook of Fengsui(風水) in Joseon dynasty. Of these causes, it was considered that the representative one is a protection of fire and infectious disease because the Wolgak mountain is a fire mountain(火山) as a stone mountain in Fengsui. The results demonstrate decline of aquatic ecosystem because of neglect management. The total number of species was 24. Of the species, Zelkova serrata is a natural vegetation of this complementary forest. This is nominated as Lagerstroemia indica and Camellia japonica community. Species composition demonstrate the characteristics of Korean southern region as mixed forest of evergreen trees and deciduous ones which are indigenous plants. It was considered Juniperus chinensis KaizukaVariega in central round island was planted in Japanese colonial period and it have to be removed. It was considered that name of moon pond and moon island etc. projects the mind of village ancestors which are going to reach an ideal condition of moon. And management of quantity and depth of pond water was critical for restoration of disappearing lotus from related literature. Periodic management was needed for ecological structure and function improvement because of ecological disturbance by the invasive plants like Humulus japonicus.

Study on the diagnosis of disturbed forest ecosystem in the Republic of Korea: in case of Daegwallyeong and Chupungryeong

  • Lee, Seon-Mi;Cha, Jae-Gyu;Moon, Ho-Gyung
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제41권7호
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    • pp.182-190
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    • 2017
  • Background: Baekdudaegan was designated in 2005 as a protected area to prevent destruction and conserve. However, there are many disturbed and destroyed areas. The total disturbed area amounts to $25.9km^2$ (0.94%), including $13.4km^2$ (0.49%) in the core area and $12.5km^2$ (0.45%) in the buffer area. This study aims to classify the vegetation types established in the disturbed areas and diagnose the current conditions for ecological restoration in the forest ecosystem. Methods: We surveyed the vegetation in the disturbed areas of Daegwallyeong and Chupungryeong and the surrounding natural areas. The survey conducted from July to September 2015 targeted a total of 54 quadrats by Braun-Blanquet method (Daegwallyeong, 22; Chupungryeong, 32). We also investigated the height and coverage of each layer. We classified the vegetation types based on the field data and analyzed the ratio of life form and the exotic plants, species richness, and vegetation index (Hcl). The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from rapideye satellite imagery in 2014 and 2015. Results: Vegetation types were classified into 11 groups according to the criteria that included successional sere or plantation at first, followed by developmental stage and origins. As a result of the analysis of the survey data, species richness, vegetation index (Hcl), ratio of tree plants, and the NDVI tended to increase, while the ratio of the exotic plants tended to decrease with the time since disturbance. These indicators had the classified values according to the vegetation types with time since the disturbance. Conclusions: These indicators can be effectively used to diagnose the conditions of the present vegetation in the disturbed area of the Baekdudaegan area. In addition, the NDVI might be effective for the diagnosis of the disturbed status instead of the human efforts based on the higher spatial resolution of satellite imagery. Appropriate diagnosis of the disturbed forests in the Baekdudaegan area considering the established vegetation types is essential for the elaboration of restoration plans. In addition, restoration target and level should be different according to the disturbed status of restoration site.

국립공원 생태계 건강성 평가 시스템 개선 연구 (Comparison of the National Park Ecosystem Health Assessment and an Advanced Assessment System)

  • 명현호;김정은;김혜리;오장근
    • Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.112-119
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    • 2021
  • 국립공원공단에서는 공원 자연 생태계의 효율적 보전·관리를 위해 2012년부터 생태계 건강성 평가를 실시하였다. 그러나 자연공원법 개정, 정책 변화, 관리 지표 부재에 따라 지표 개선의 필요성을 인식하였다. 특히 기존지표에서는 해양생태계평가 지표 부재, 정책변화와 시대적 요구를 반영하지 못하는 어려움이 있었다. 또한 기존 평가시스템은 멸종위기종, 생태계교란종, 종다양도, 수질 (BOD, DO), 서식지파편화 지표 등으로 생물종 중심의 비중이 높았다. 평가결과는 5등급 체계로 구성되어 각 지표에 대한 즉각적인 변화를 분석하기 어려웠다. 따라서, 평가시스템 개선을 통해 BPI와 서식지복원지표를 추가하였다. 종다양도는 4개 분류군을 대상으로만 평가하였으나, 10개 분류군으로 전체 공원을 평가하였다. 평가 등급은 5개 상태, 5 등급에서 5개 상태, 10 등급으로 세분화하여 픽토그램으로 제시하였다. 평가결과 개선 전과 전체적으로 유사한 경향성을 보였고, 3단계에서 5단계로 확대 되었다. 그러나 월악산국립공원은 개선 전 평가 결과보다 낮고, 주왕산국립공원은 높게 평가되었다. 본 연구는 생태계 건강성 평가 시스템 개선을 통해 국립공원 생태계의 과학적·체계적 관리에 기여하고자 한다.

안정하도 설계에 따른 물리적 교란개선 평가와 서식적합도 분석 (Physical Disturbance Improvement Evaluation and Habitat Suitability Analysis by Stable Channel Design)

  • 이웅희;최흥식
    • Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.285-293
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 원주천을 대상으로 하천시설물의 최적 설계를 위한 안정하도 평가와 물리적 교란개선 평가를 수행하였다. 안정하도 설계를 위한 구간별 안정경사를 분석하였으며, 안정경사를 만족하기 위한 하천시설물의 개선 시나리오를 도출하였다. 그에 따라 각 시나리오에 대한 물리적 교란개선 평가를 통해 안정하도 설계와 물리적 교란개선을 위한 최적의 시나리오를 선정하였다. 아울러 안정하도 설계와 물리적 교란개선을 위한 하천시설물의 개선 시 물리 서식처의 변화를 분석하였다. 원주천의 하천 환경조사와 어류의 군집특성을 이용하여 수중 생태계를 대표할 수 있는 복원 목표어종으로 참갈겨니를 선택하였다. 참갈겨니의 서식적합지수를 사용한 서식적합도 분석은 PHABSIM 모형을 이용하였다. 예측 평가를 수행한 결과 서식적합도와 가중가용면적은 소폭 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나, 하천시설물의 개선에 따른 영향은 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 원주천의 물리적 건전성과 안정성을 제고할 수 있는 하천시설물의 배치 방안을 제시하였으며, 그에 따른 물리 서식처의 변화는 영향이 없는 것을 확인하였다.

Landscape Ecological Studies on Structure and Dynamics of Plant Populations on Vegetation-Landscape Patterns in Rural Regions: I. The Effect of Patch Shape on the Initial Population Structure of Pine and Oaks

  • Rim, Young-Deuk;Hong, Sun-Kee
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.69-77
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    • 1999
  • Secondary vegetation. the holistically integrated system of nature and human being, is the complicated ecosystem that is composed of natural and man-created factors. Understanding the ecological function of secondary vegetation supplies us many important informations for sustainable landscape management and ecological restoration planning. In this research, we tried to examine the shape effect of vegetation patch on early structure of populations of pine and oaks. Moreover. we also tried to clarify the ecological functions of patch edge by exploring the patch effect on germination using patch index. In addition, we present the landscape structure of man -made vegetation of our study area, and setting experimental design of research. Vegetation landscape of study area is typical human disturbed landscape mainly composed of disturbance patches. Vegetation types of graveyard and managed pine forest were controlled by periodically repeated management. However, current seedlings of pine occurred well at both vegetation types. Presence of both saplings were more controlled in managed pine forest (PDM) and graveyard (G) than those of undergrowth (PD) and forest edge (FE) with canopy trees. The number of pine seedlings increased with patch size and patch perimeter. That of oak seedlings was, however, not significantly different. Larger graveyards provided higher light availability for germination of pine seedlings. We think, however, most seedlings of both species in the large sized graveyards without shade will die more easily than that of small sized ones before rainy summer. Relationships between patch shape and germination of two woody species cannot be exactly explained enough yet in these results. More informations on spatial interaction of the total species with differently sized patches are necessary to solve the concept of patch effect on species colonization.

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