• Wind and Structures
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.321-340
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• 2021

In 2019, 5.6% of the total energy produced worldwide came from wind. Offshore wind generation is still a small portion of the total wind generation, yet its growth is exponential. Higher availability of sites, larger producibility and potentially lower environmental impacts make offshore wind generation attractive. On the other hand, as the water depth increases, fixed foundations are no more viable, and the new frontier is that of floating foundations. This paper brings an overview of why and how offshore wind energy should move deep water; it contains material from the Keynote Lecture given by the first author at the ACEM20/Structures20 Conference, held in Seoul in August 2020. The paper is organized into four sections: the first giving general concepts about wind generation especially offshore, the second and the third considering economic and technical aspects, respectively, of offshore deep-water wind generation, in the fourth, some challenges of floating offshore wind generation are presented and some conclusions are drawn.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2020

Vietnam has experienced a high economic growth since early 2000s. One of the reasons for this successful economic growth is foreign direct investment that has been invested mainly in manufacturer sector in Vietnam. In this paper, we examine the impacts of foreign direct investment to Vietnam on its exports using quarterly data from 2000:1 to 2017:4. Since all the variables in our model is subject to I(1), we apply Fully Modified OLS(FMOLS) to estimate a cointegration vectors. Our results show that there exists a long-run relationship among Export, FDI, Exchange rate and G20 countries' GDP. Also, we find that FDI has a positive effect on Vietnam's export, which was statistically significant. Our results support the hypothesis that the FDI to Vietnam since 2000 has an export-oriented feature.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.347-376
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• 2023

This study empirically examines the impacts of policy funds from three different aspects using data on Daegu city's local government loans. First, we estimate the influence of policy funds on mitigating financial constraints affecting the investment decisions of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), yielding inconclusive results indicating no significant discernible effects of policy funds. Second, we scrutinize the ramifications of policy funds on enterprise's management stability, revealing that these funds contribute to stabilizing the operations of small-scale enterprises. Third, we explore whether policy funds engender an unintended consequence of bolstering distressed enterprises, presenting empirical evidence that suggests a delayed exit of such enterprises.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.809-850
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• 2012

본 연구는 개별 국가 혹은 지역 단위 배출권 거래제도의 국제적 연계 가능성에 대비하기 위해 한 중 일 3국간의 배출권 거래제도 연계 시 예상되는 경제 환경적 영향을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 연산가능 일반균형모형을 통해 3국간 배출권 거래제 도입의 경제 환경적 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과 한 중 일 3국간 탄소시장의 연계는 국가별로 다양한 측면에서 복잡한 영향을 미치게 됨을 확인할 수 있다. 한 중 일 배출권 거래제 연계 시행은 3국 전체의 실질 GDP를 증가시키는 긍정적 효과가 있음에도 불구하고 연계로 인한 이익의 국가간 분배가 불균형적임은 물론 실질 소비나 고용 등의 측면에서는 탄소시장 연계가 3국 전체적으로도 오히려 부정적인 영향을 초래할 수 있다는 점에서 반드시 긍정적인 효과만을 담보하는 것은 아니다. 특히 배출권 매입국인 한국과 일본의 소득 소비 고용 감소 및 에너지 의존도 증가, 배출권 매출국인 중국의 생산 감소 및 해외 이전 가능성은 3국간 탄소시장의 연계의 장애요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 3국간 탄소시장 연계를 통한 긍정적 효과를 최대한 유지하면서 예상되는 부정적 효과를 최소화하기 위해서는 배출권 수입 관세나 수입배출권 할인과 같은 보완적 정책수단의 개발 적용이 필요하다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.254-262
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• 2012

The purposes of the research in related to FSC in JuJe experimental forests (JJEFs) is to make pre and post socio-economic comparisons and play an important role of FSC, and recognition change to FSC timbers and to make an analysis to consumers' needs. As the results of onsite survey in 2005, respondents show a high awareness of SFM and FSC in comparisons of 2004, and the JJEFs play a critical role to make SFM and FSC advertisement worldwide, such as consumers' satisfaction to SFM and FSC is high. Hence provision of JJEF information such as job creation and socio-economic impacts to stockholders could make their satisfaction improving. Most of respondents to the FSC of JJEF represent a positive rate while low awareness to FSC timber is represented. Therefore, necessary information about JJEF FSC with forest management, process and consumption pattern of FSC is required into citizens. The final results prove that FSC effects such as 1.3 billion won direct additional benefits in terms of socio-economic aspects including environmental benefits and job creation and economic effects are enough to offset 1.3 billion won additional costs.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.121-146
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• 2016

This study is concerned with the analysis of two renewable technologies for electric energy production: wind energy and photovoltaic energy. The two technologies were assessed and compared by economic point of view, by using selected indicators characterized by a clear calculation approach, requirement of information easy to be collected, clear, but even complete, interpretation of results. The used economic indicators are Levelized Cost of Energy, $CO_2$ abatement cost and fossil fuel saving specific cost; these last two specifically aimed at evaluating the different capabilities that renewable technologies have to cut down direct $CO_2$ emissions and to avoid fossil fuel extraction. The two technologies were compared also from the environmental point of view by applying Life Cycle Assessment approach and using the environmental impact categories from the Eco-indicator'95 method. The economic analysis was developed by taking into account different energy system sizes and different geographic areas in order to compare different European conditions (Italy, Germany and Denmark) in term of renewable resource availability and market trend. The environmental analysis was developed comparing two particular types of PV and wind plants, respectively residential and micro-wind turbine, located in Italy. According to the three calculated economic indicators, the wind energy emerged as more favorable than PV energy. From the environmental point of view, both the technologies are able to provide savings for almost all the considered environmental impact categories. The proposed approach, based on the use of economic and environmental indicators may be useful in supporting the policies and the decision making procedures concerned with the promotion and use of renewables, in reference to the specific geographic, economic and temporal conditions.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.371-381
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• 1983

This study is aimed at identifying the economic effects of drainage improvement projects. The total area of poor drainage is equivalent to 170,000ha, 13% of the total area of paddy field in Korea. The development of poor drained paddy is an urgent problem considering the low rate of self-sufficiency of food grain and the limitation of farmer's income increase. Rapid development of Korean economy has brought labor shoriage in rural farming sector. Accordingly farm mechanization is an important agricultural policy to hike labor productivity and to save production costs of rice farming. The expected economic benefits of the drainage improvement project are derived from increasing land productivity, expanding double cropped area and farming the farm mechanization base in paddy fields. The economic and financial rate of return of the project are considered very important decision making criteria for project implementation by resource allocation. Therefore this study covered benefit and cost analysis of the sampled area, the estimated financial rate of returns in $Buy{\check{o}}$ and Jinsung are represented 15% and 51% respectively and the economic rate of returns in both project area are also showing 1% and 26% respectively. The rate of return of the projects has showed an outstanding variance according to the locational and natural characteristics of the project area. As showing the above economic rate of return, $Buy{\check{o}}$ is very low Jinsung is very high. But the financial rate of return of both projects are considered comparatively high. Cosequently, the drainage improvement projects should be promoted from the view point of farm income increase to make narrow the income gap between rural and urban incomes and farm mechanization to solve labor shortage in the rural area.

• 한국노년학
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.981-997
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• 2018

본 연구는 노인의 인적자본, 경제자본, 문화자본이 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향에서 사회활동참여가 매개효과를 가지는지 검증하고자 시행되었다. 연구를 위하여 부산지역에 거주하는 65세 이상의 노인 356명을 대상으로 설문조사하였으며, 구조방정식 모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인자본 중 인적자본과 문화자본은 사화활동참여에 영향을 미치지만 경제자본은 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 노인자본 중 경제자본은 성공적 노화에 영향을 미치지만 인적자본과 문화자본은 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 사회활동참여는 성공적 노화에 영향을 미친다. 넷째, 노인자본 중 인적자본, 경제자본, 문화자본은 모두 사회활동참여를 매개하여 성공적 노화에 영향을 미친다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 성공적 노화를 위한 노인의 자본과 사회활동을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 ASEAN의 10개 회원국, 한국, 중국, 일본, 호주, 뉴질랜드, 인도 등 16개국으로 구성된 역내포괄적경제동반자협정(RCEP)가 RCEP의 회원국 경제와 전세계 경제에 어떠한 영향을 미치게 될 것인가를 다(多)지역 다(多)산업 연산일반균형(CGE)모형을 이용하여 정량적으로 분석하였다. Baseline 시나리오를 바탕으로 RCEP 회원국 구성의 특성에 입각하여 단계별 3가지 정책시나리오, 즉 한-중-일FTA(시나리오 1), ASEAN+3 FTA(시나리오 2), RCEP(시나리오 3)를 설정하였다. 3가지 정책 시나리오의 영향을 실질GDP, 후생수준의 지표로서 등가변환, 수출 수입물량, 국제수지, 교역조건 등 거시경제적 변수에 미치는 영향으로 제시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 보면, RCEP를 통해 모든 RCEP 회원국의 실질GDP가 증가할 것으로 전망되며 특히 한국의 실질GDP는 모든 RCEP회원국 중 가장 많이(2.43%) 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 이는 한국이 RCEP 추진에 보다 적극적인 역할을 수행할 만한 경제적 이점이 있음을 시사하는 것이라고 할 수 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

The COVID 19 pandemic has led to a new global recession and is still causing a lot of issues because of the delays in the employment of people. This scenario has severe consequences for many countries' labor markets in the world. This problem's complexity and importance requires an integrated method of subjective and objective evaluation rather than intuitive decisions. This research aims to investigate sustainable indexes for assessing the unemployment problem by using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model (MCDM). Grey theory and Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (GDEMATEL) are deployed to transform the experts' opinions into quantitative data. The analysis based on 20 crucial criteria is employed to determine the weights of sustainability of unemployment problems. The results revealed that the top ten of determinants are Economic growth, Industrialization, Foreign direct investment, Real GDP per capita, Education level, Trade Openness, Capacity Utilization Rate, Urbanization, Employability skills, Education system expansion, which have the most significant effects on the unemployment rate under COVID 19 impacts. Furthermore, GDEMATEL could effectively assess the sustainable indicators for unemployment problems in "deep and wide" aspects. The study proposes the Grey MCDM model, contributes to the literature, provides future research directions, and helps policymakers and researchers achieve the best solutions to the unemployment problems under "economic shocks."