• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.88-92
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• 2001

The simultaneous analytical method for 37 residual pesticides was developed by a gas chromatography with $^{63}$ Ni electron capture detector. Pesticides added in soybean sample were extracted with 70% acetone in water and methylene chloride in oder, and then cleaned up via open-column apparatus packed with florisil and alumina N. The Ultra-2 fused capillary column was used to separate the products. The resolution between the last isomeric peak of cypermethrin (56.398 min) and the first isomeric peak of flucythrinate (56.421 min) was not satisfactory and the last isomeric peak of fenvalerate(58.783 min) and the first isomeric peak of fluvalinate(58.835 min) was overlapped. Except for $\alpha$-BHC, dichlofluanid, captan, and captafol, most recoveries were showed over 70%.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.288-293
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• 1997

Analytical method using capillary GC/ECD was developed to determine trace residues of chlofluazuron, 1-[3, 5-dichloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyloxy)phenyl]-3-(2, 6-difiuorobenzoyl), in meat, and applied to analyze the residues in domestic and imported meats. The analytical scheme developed does not require column chromatographic cleanup; chlorfiuazuron was extracted with diethyl ether and petroleum ether (50: 50), partitioned against acetonitrile, cleaned up with silica Sep-Pak cartridge, identified GC/ECD, and comfirmed by GC/MS. The mean recoveries of the pesticide in meat fortified with standard solution 0.1, 0.5, 0.1 mg/kg were ranged from 82 to 95%. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.001 and 0.005 mg/kg, respectively. Chlorfluazuron residues were not found in domestic samples, but found in imported Australian beef ranging from 0.02 to 0.17 mg/kg, detected by 18% among the samples.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.388-388
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• 2005

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.24-35
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• 1985

Between January 1980 and July 1984, 321 cases of open heart surgery for infants or small children under 10Kg of body weight were performed, which occupied the great part of total open heart surgery done in the same period. The mean age was 16.58.7 months [ranging from 2 days to 51 months], and the mean body weight was 7.8a1.8Kg [from 2.8 to 10Kg] which was below the third percentile compared with the mean age. The technique of deep hypothermia with total circulatory arrest, which contributed to great improvement in operative condition, was used increasingly and widespreadly in this period. For each anomaly, the number of patients and operative deaths were as follows: VSD, 11 of 184 [6.0%]; TOF, 8 of 47 [17.8%]; TGA, 13 of 30 [43.3%]; ASD, none of 9; TAPVR, 1 of 8 [12.7%]; C-ECD, 3 of 6 [50%]; Tricuspid Atresia, 4 of 5 [80%]; Pulmonary Atresia, 2 of 4 [50%]; Congenital Mitral Anomaly, 1 of 3 [33.3%]; P-ECD, none of 3

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 1994

Electrochrominm is a phenomenon of reversible change in optical properties produced electrochromically. Among the several organic type electrochromic displays(ECD), the one based on viologen solution is still attractive and become of the possibility for choosing various colors by introducing different substituents in viologen molecules. But these has been rather a severe problem in this type of ECD, which is the erasing failure caused by the recrystallized molecule sticking to the display electrode.This paper was investigated on developing a new class of composite materials which consists of the mixture of BV2+ . 2BF4-, TMPD with TBABF4 as supporting electrolyte to overcome the above mentioned problem of viologen solution.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.134-142
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• 1998

The effects of small hole defect size and effective case depth(ECD) on the four point bending fatigue limit of induction surface hardened S45C steel were investigated the fatigue limit evaluation of hardened materials is very difficult because of relations of the hardness gradient and residual stress. In this study, it was possible to characterize fatigue limit and fatigue life of induction surface hardened S45C steel in terms of the hole defect size and effective case depth(ECD) and quantitative evaluation of the fatigue limit with hole defects use Murakami's evaluation method and the range of evaluated values is a good accuracy compared with results.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.114-117
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• 1985

A new method for micro-quantification of abscisic acid from plant tissue is described. GLC-ECD method of abscisic acid pertafluorobenzyl ester synthesized by reaction of plant extract with pentafluorobenzyl bromide showed higher sensitivity than that of abscisic acid methyl ester, and the detection limit of abscisic acid by the described method was as low as 5 pg.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.42 no.7 s.278
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• pp.521-524
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• 2005

ZnO 2-D nanowall structure with around 100 nm thickness, which is composed of tens of nm scale ZnO single crystals, was fabricated through the low temperature chemical solution growth method. Electro Chemical Deposition (ECD) technique was applied to attach the ZnO seed crystals on ITO coated glass substrate. The ZnO nanowall structure was grown in the 0.015 mol$\%$ of aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and hexamethenamine at 60$^{\circ}C$ for 20 - 40 h. The nanowall structure depends on the ECD condition or the applied voltage and duration time. The nanowall shows a photoluminescence around 550 - 700 nm spectrum range.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.214-219
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• 2005

The effects of change in injection pressure on spray structure in high temperature and pressure field have been investigated. The analysis of liquid and vapor phases of injected fuel is important for emissions control of diesel engines. Therefore, this work examines the evaporating spray structure using a constant volume vessel. The injection pressure is selected as the experimental parameter, is changed from 72MPa to 112MPa by using a common rail injection system(ECD-U2). The images of liquid and vapor phase in the evaporating free diesel spray are simultaneously taken by exciplex fluorescence method. As a result, it can be confirmed that the distribution of vapor concentration is more uniform in the case of the high injection than in that of the low injection pressure.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 1992

For the risk assessment of human exposure to volatile halogenated hydrocarbons, a dynamic purge trap/on-column cryofocusing method using capillary gas chromatograph-$^{63}Ni$ electron capture detector and thermal desorption unit was applied to analyze the free forms, metabolites of 1, 1, 2-trichloroethylene and 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethylene. The urine sample was diluted with distilled water, hydrolyzed and sealed. Then the inert gas was infused to purge out free 1, 1, 2-trichloroethylene, free 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethylene and urichloroethanol. These compounds were trapped to $Tenax^R$ / GC-gas trap device throughout clean up tube. Being undertectable to gas chromatograph directly, trichloroacetic acid was methyl esterificated and trapped in the manner above mentioned. The optimal incubation time to get best recovery of methyl ester was 4 hours at $60^circ$C. The concentrations of free volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and their metabolites in urine were obtained of free volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and their metabolites in urine were obtained from 5 healthy volunteers. This analytical method is expected to make the biological monitoring more precise and convenient.