• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1756-1762
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• 2019

Background: Functional ankle instability (FAI) indicating a decrease in muscle strength, proprioception, neuromuscular control, balance and postural control function. Objective: To investigate the effect of jumping exercise on the supporting surface on the ankle muscle thickness, proprioceptive sensation, and balance in adults with FAI. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: Twenty young people with FAI were randomly assigned to the unstable supporting surface jump group (N=10) and the stable supporting surface jump group (N=10). The intervention was conducted three times a week for eight weeks, and for 30 minutes per session. Trampoline was used as an unstable support surface and the stable support surface was carried out on a regular floor. The thickness of the tibialis anterior muscle and medial gastrocnemius muscle was measured by ultrasonography, and the proprioception of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion was measured using an electrogoniometer. The dynamic balance was also measured with a balance meter. Results: The the muscle thickness of the medial gastrocnemius muscle was significantly higher in the stable supporting surface jump group than in the unstable supporting surface jump group (p<.05). Furthermore, the plantar flexion proprioception and dynamic balance were significantly improved in the unstable supporting surface jump group than in the stable supporting surface jump group in the intergroup comparison (p<.05). Conclusions: The conclusion has been reached in this study that the jumping exercise on the unstable supporting surface could be a more effective in improving FAI than the regular surface.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the status of quality control using multipurpose phantom of ultrasound equipment used in hospital of veterinary college in South Korea by using ATS-539 multipurpose phantom so as to examine quantitative and objective new image evaluation method. Specialists discussed and analyzed multipurpose phantom images acquired by using convex transducer of 10 ultrasound imaging devices, currently used in 9 veterinary colleges, at 4.0-6.0 MHz. Total 8 items that can be measured with ATS-539 multipurpose phantom including dead zone, vertical and horizontal measurement, axial/lateral resolution, sensitivity, focal zone, functional resolution and gray scale/dynamic range were evaluated. For qualitative evaluation, valid decisions were made based on dead zone, axial/lateral resolution, and gray scale/dynamic range which are resolution index, and coefficient of variation (COV) and blind referenceless image spatial quality evaluator (BRISQUE) were found to increase objectivity. As a result of experiment, all the targeted ultrasonic devices were found appropriate from qualitative evaluation items of dead zone, axial/lateral resolution, and gray scale/dynamic range. In other evaluation items, they were found to be appropriate from focal zone and vertical measurement of quantitative evaluation while inappropriate from horizontal measurement, sensitivity, and functional resolution. COV value was 0.12 ± 0.04, and BRISQUE value was 47.77 ± 2.77, both analysis results show that the noise level of all ultrasonic devices was located within tolerance range. Upon image examination using ATS-539 multipurpose phantom, they were 100% appropriate with inspection standards of dead zone, axial/lateral resolution, and gray scale/dynamic range, and besides, focal zone and functional resolution can be used as evaluation items. In the field of veterinary medicine, 8 standard items using ATS-539 multipurpose phantom and image evaluation items using COV and BRISQUE can be used as standards for quality control of ultrasonography machine.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2008년도 제16차 학술대회
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• pp.171-171
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• 2008

발음성 삼두근 증후군은 주관절을 굴곡하거나 신전할 때 삼두근 말단부 일부와 척골 신경이 내상과 전방으로 탈구되는 드문 질환이다. 이학적 검사 만으로는 다른 질환으로 오진되는 경우가 많아 정확한 진단이 필수적이며 확진을 위하여는 척골 신경 및 삼두근의 비정상적인 움직임을 관찰할 수 있는 영상 검사가 필요하다. 초음파 검사는 자기 공명 영상 촬영 등 다른 검사에 비해 간편하고 효과적으로 연부 조직의 동적 검사를 시행할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 저자들은 발음성 삼두근 증후군 환자를 동적 초음파 검사를 사용하여 진단하고 척골 신경 전방 전위술 및 삼두근 내두의 이전술을 시행하여 치유하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 초음파 검사의 유용성을 보고하고자 한다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.127-130
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• 2015

Direct injection of foreign material, such as liquid paraffin and silicone, into the breast can induce a foreign body granulomatous reaction and fibrosis, resulting in hard, nodular breast masses and architectural distortion that can mimic neoplasm. Conventional methods, including physical examination, mammography, and ultrasonography are of little use to differentiate between foreign body-induced mastopathy and breast cancer. In patients with foreign body injection such as breast augmentation, dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging is an excellent imaging modality. Here, the authors report the MR imaging and pathological findings of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with multicystic changes in a 41-year-old woman with a previous history of interstitial mammoplasty by paraffin injection.

• 전기의세계
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.204-208
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• 1982

The objective of this paper is to present a digital method for improving the lateral resolution of the B-scan images in the medical applications of ultrasound. The method is based upon a mathematical model of the lateral blurring caused by the finite beam width of the transducers. This model provides a simple method of applying a recursive scheme for image restoration with fast computation time. The point spread function (P.S.F.) can be measured by the reflective signals after scanning the small pins located along the depth of interest. From the measured P.S.F., one can compute the coefficient matrices of the inverse discrete-time dynamic state variable equation of the blurring process. Then, a recursive scheme for deblurring is applied to the recorded B-scan to improve the lateral resolution. One major advantage of the present recursive scheme over the transform method is in its applicability for the space-variant imaging, such as in the case of the rotational movement of transducer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.486-490
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• 1998

The present study examined the follicular populations prior to and during superovulation and investigated their relationship with superovulatory response in crossbred cattle. Eleven animals were administered i.m. 8 doses of Folltropin of 2.5 ml each (1.75 mg/ml) spread over 4 days beginning on Day 10 of oestrous cycle, and 30 and 20 mg Lutalyse was given alongwith the 5th and 6th injections of Folltropin, respectively, to induce luteolysis. The animals were artificially inseminated 48, 60 and 72 h after the first Lutalyse injection. The number of corpora lutea (CL) was recorded by palpation per rectum and embryos were recovered non-surgically on Day 6 (Day 0 day of superoestrus). The ovarian follicular population was examined by transrectal Ultrasonography 15 h prior to and 52 h after the first FSH injection, and then on the day of superoestrus and the day of flushing. The follicles were classfied on the basis of diameter as small (3-5 mm), medium (6-9 mm) and large (${\geq}10mm$). The total number of follicles increased significantly (p < 0.01) from $2.45{\pm}0.35$, 15 h prior to the first FSH injection to $8.09{\pm}1.12$, 52 h after the first FSH injection and then further to $13.27{\pm}1.89 $ on the day of superoestrus. A positive correlation was observed between the number of small follicles 15 h prior to the first FSH injection (r = 0.60, p < 0.05), the number of large follicles 52 h after the first FSH injection (r=0.59, p < 0.05) and the number of CL. The follicular population prior to and during superovulation was, however, not significantly different between high (> 6 CL) and low responders (${\leq}6CL$). The present study suggests that the follicular populations undergo dynamic changes during superovulation and that follicular populations prior to superovulation have a limited application as an indicator of the superovulatory response.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2005

자궁경부 종괴형 자궁경부임신은 빠른 진단과 치료를 요하는 산과적 응급 상황으로 특징적인 초음파 및 MRI 소견을 정확하게 숙지하고 있어야 한다. 특징적인 초음파 소견으로는 혈중 ${\beta}$-HCG 수치가 상승되어 있는 환자에서 자궁경부의 확장, 심하게 불균일한 종괴, 색도플러 검사에서 강한 혈류, 영양막주위 혈류 양상 등이 있다. 특징적인 MRI 소견으로는 자궁경부의 종대, T2-강조영상에서 심하게 불균일한 혼합 신호강도, 가장자리의 저신호강도의 띠, 조기에 강하게 조영증강되는 결절성 부분 등이 있다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2010

목적: 점액암의 영상소견에 대해서 알아 보고, 조직학적 분화도에 따른 영상 소견의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 수술을 통해 점액암으로 확진된 29명의 환자를 대상으로 유방촬영술과 초음파 검사, 그리고 자기 공명 영상 소견을 BI-RADS에 따라서 후향적으로 분석하였다. 또한 점액암의 조직학적 분화도를 고분화, 중증도분화, 미분화 등급으로 나눠서 이에 따른 영상소견의 차이를 통계학적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 총 20예의 유방 촬영에서 17예 (85%)가 종괴로 보였고 3예는 정상소견이었다. 총 27예의 초음파 검사에서 점액암은 난원형 (59.2%)의 미세소엽성 변연 (55.5%)을 가지거나 불균일한 등에코 (74%)의 종괴로 보였다. 총 21예의 자기공명영상에서 점액암은 소엽상의 변연(76.2%), 매끄러운 변연(86%)의 종괴로 불균일한 조영증강(61.9%)을 보이는 경우가 흔하였다. 역동성 조영 증가 그래프에서 지연시 유실형 양상 (52.3%)을 보였다. 고분화 점액암이 갑자기 끝나는 종괴의 경계를 보이는 것 외에는 점액암의 분화도에 따른 영상소견의 차이는 없었다. 결론: 점액암의 분화도에 따른 차이는 중등도 분화 점액암과 비교하여 고분화 점액암이 갑자기 끝나는 종괴의 경계를 보이는 것이었다. 대부분의 점액암은 자기공명영상에서 불균일한 조영증강과 지연시 유실형 양상을 보였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of the transverse abdominal muscle resulting from changed posture by measuring the thickness of the transverse abdominal muscle in a supine posture, a slouched sitting posture, and an erect sitting posture. The subjects of the study were 28 patients with cerebral palsy. All their transverse abdominal muscles at the end of inhalation were measured at supine, slouched sitting (S sitting) and erect sitting (E sitting) postures by using ultrasonography, and then their dynamic sitting balance was measured at S sitting and E sitting postures by using BioRescue. For the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare the differences among each the postures. The results were as follows. The thickness of the transverse abdominal muscle when comparing the supine posture and the S sitting posture showed no statistically significant difference. But the E sitting posture showed a statistically significant difference as compared with the others. In addition, the dynamic sitting balance in comparing the S sitting and E sitting postures showed a significant difference. In conclusion, the E sitting posture has a more positive effect on postural control and balance than generally taking the S sitting posture, for the sitting posture of a patient with cerebral palsy. It is suggested that patients with cerebral palsy mainly experiencing a sedentary life or being in a wheelchair should be seated in the E sitting posture during their daily life, and it may be necessary to continue to monitor and manage the proper E sitting posture.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.172-193
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• 2015

Nowadays shoulder ultrasound is commonly used in the assessment of shoulder diseases and is as accurate as magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of several pathologies. Operator dependence is the main disadvantage of shoulder ultrasound. After adhering to a strict examination protocol, good knowledge of normal anatomy and pathologic processes and an awareness of common pitfalls, it can be used as a focused examination providing rapid, real-time diagnosis, and treatment by ultrasound-guided interventions in desired clinical situations. Also shoulder ultrasound can help the surgeon decide whether treatment will be surgical or nonsurgical. If arthroscopy is planned, sonographic findings help to counsel patients regarding surgical and functional outcomes. If a nonsurgical approach is indicated, ultrasound can be used to follow patients. This review article presents the examination techniques, the normal sonographic appearances and the main pathologic conditions found in shoulder ultrasound. And also addresses a simplified approach to scanning and ultrasound-guided intervention. Knowledge of optimal techniques, normal anatomy, dynamic maneuvers, and pathologic conditions is essential for optimal performance and interpretation of images.