• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.2509-2522
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• 2021

A valve assembly used in nuclear power plants must be qualified and supervised. New technical standards such as ASME QME-1 2007 particularly require detailed qualification using experiment and analysis. Particularly, diagnostic tests and engineering studies are required for qualification of ASME QME-1 2007. Among these studies, the research on the measurement of friction coefficient and packing stress is important. The irregular change of packing stress along the stroke distance occurs because of the abnormal phenomenon, which must be found and studied with quantitative methods. Packing stress should be analyzed conservatively through experimentation and analysis. In this study, various formulas were applied to measure and calculate coefficient of friction and packing stress. This study can be used in relation to qualification and supervision of packing materials. And the calculation using static diagnosis test can be used to find the packing frictional force in dynamic diagnosis test with flow pressure in a pipe. This study has made it possible to reliably consider packing frictional force generated in a valve body. And so, it is believed that more margin can be secured when evaluating the capacity of valve actuator by applying the accurate frictional force generated in the valve assembly.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.517-526
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• 2022

Previous studies have shown that pile-soil interactions have significant influences on the isolation efficiency of an isolated structure. However, most of the existing tests were carried out using a 1-g shaking table, which cannot reproduce the soil stresses resulting in distortion of the simulated pile-soil interactions. In this study, a centrifuge shaking table modelling of the seismic responses of a friction pendulum bearing isolated structure with a pile foundation under earthquakes were conducted. The pile foundation structure was designed and constructed with a scale factor of 1:100. Two layers of the foundation soil, i.e., the bottom layer was made of plaster and the upper layer was normal soil, were carefully prepared to meet the similitude requirement. Seismic responses, including strains, displacement, acceleration, and soil pressure were collected. The settlement of the soil, sliding of the isolator, dynamic amplification factor and bending moment of the piles were analysed to reveal the influence of the soil structure interaction on the seismic performance of the structure. It is found that the soil rotates significantly under earthquake motions and the peak rotation is about 0.021 degree under 24.0 g motions. The isolator cannot return to the initial position after the tests because of the unrecoverable deformation of the soil and the friction between the curved surface of the slider and the concave plate.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.7-13
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• 2022

This paper presents a yaw moment control based on estimated mass for manual-shift commercial vehicles. In yaw moment controller, parameter uncertantiy of vehicle mass is important because the desired yaw moment depends on vehicle parameter. However, in the case of commercial vehicle, the weight of the loaded vehicle is more than twice as much as compared to the unloaded vehicle. The proposed algorithm estimates the vehicle mass by using the longitudinal dynamic and gear shifting characteristics. The estimated mass is used to adaptively modify the vehicle parameters. In addition, this paper estimates the chamber pressure of a pneumatic brake and generates the target yaw moment through on/off valve control. MATLAB/Simulink and Trucksim were performed under sine with dwell test. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm improves the lateral and rollover stability.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79-94
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• 2023

This paper traces the drafting of the new EN 1991-1-4 Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions within Mandate M/515 of the European Commission to CEN, for the evolution of structural Eurocodes towards their Second Generation. Work of the Project Team started in August 2017 and ended in April 2020, with delivery of a final draft for public enquiry. The revised document contains several modifications with respect to the existing 2005 version, and new sections were added, covering aspect not dealt with in the previous version. It has a renovated structure, with a main text limited in size and containing only fundamental material; all the remaining information, either normative or informative is arranged into thirteen annexes. Common to other Eurocode Parts, general requests from CEN were those of reducing the number of Nationally Determined Parameters and of enhancing the ease of use. More specific requests were those of (a) the drafting of a European design wind map, (b) improving wind models, (c) reviewing force and pressure coefficients, (d) reviewing the procedures for evaluation of the dynamic response, as well as (e) making editorial improvements aimed at a more user friendly document. The author had the privilege to serve as Project Team member for the drafting of the new document, and this paper brings his personal view concerning some general aspects of wind code writing, and some more specific aspects about the particular document.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.4296-4309
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• 2022

Mesh and turbulence model sensitivity analyses have been performed on computational fluid dynamics simulations executed with Hydra and ANSYS Fluent for a single CANadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) 37M nuclear fuel bundle placed within a standard pressure tube. The goal of this work was to perform a methodical analysis to objectively determine an appropriate mesh and to gauge the sensitivity of different turbulence models for CANDU subchannel flow under isothermal conditions. The boundary conditions and material properties are representative of normal operating conditions in a high-powered channel of the Darlington Nuclear Generating Station. Four meshes were generated with ANSYS Workbench Meshing, ranging from 22 to 84 million cells, and analyzed here to determine an appropriate level of mesh resolution and quality. Five turbulence models were compared in the turbulence model sensitivity analysis: standard k - ε, RNG k - ε, realizable k - ε, SST k - ω, and the Reynolds Stress Model. The intent of this work was to gain confidence in mesh generation and turbulence model selection of a single bundle to inform the decision making of subsequent investigations of an entire fuel channel containing a string of twelve bundles.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, air pollution has become increasingly serious, and the pollution control situation is not optimistic. Climate change has become a major global challenge faced by mankind. To actively respond to climate change, China has proposed carbon peak and carbon neutral goals. However, atmospheric pollutants and meteorological factors that affect air quality are complex and changeable, and the complex relationship and correlation between them must be further clarified. This paper uses China's 2013-2018 high-resolution air pollution reanalysis open data set, as well as statistical methods of the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) to calculate and visualize the design and analysis of environmental monitoring big data, which is intuitive and it quickly demonstrated the correlation between pollutants and meteorological factors in the temporal and spatial sequence, and provided convenience for environmental management departments to use air quality routine monitoring data to enable dynamic decision-making, and promote global climate governance. The experimental results show that, apart from ozone, which is negatively correlated, the other pollutants are positively correlated; meteorological factors have a greater impact on pollutants, temperature and pollutants are negatively correlated, air pressure is positively correlated, and the correlation between humidity is insignificant. The wind speed has a significant negative correlation with the six pollutants, which has a greater impact on the diffusion of pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the immediate effects of applying ankle eversion taping using kinesiology tape in chronic stroke patients-design: a randomized cross-over trial. METHODS: Seventeen stroke patients underwent three interventions in random order. The subjects were initially assigned randomly to an ankle eversion taping, placebo taping, or no taping for each intervention. Ankle eversion taping was used for mechanical correction and was involved in ankle dorsiflexion and eversion. The tape was stretched by 30-40%. Placebo tapping was applied in the same form as eversion tapping but was not stretched. The balance ability was assessed using the Y-balance test. The gait ability was assessed by maximum foot pressure and time of stance phase, and gait speed was assessed using a 10 m walk test (10MWT). All measurements were performed immediately after the intervention. RESULTS: The results showed that the dynamic balance and stance phase time in chronic stroke patients was improved after ankle eversion taping. The ankle eversion taping conditions increased significantly (p < .05) compared to the placebo and no taping conditions. CONCLUSION: The application of ankle eversion taping that uses kinesiology tape instantly increased the gait ability of chronic stroke patients. On the other hand, more research will be needed to identify the long-term effects of ankle eversion taping.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.3754-3767
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• 2023

Turbulent jet discharges in subcooled water pools are essential for safety systems in nuclear power plants, specifically in the pressure suppression pool of boiling water reactors and In-containment Refueling Water Storage Tank of advanced pressurized water reactors. The gas and liquid flow in these systems is investigated using multiphase flow analysis. This field has been extensively examined using a combination of experiments, theoretical models, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. ANSYS CFX offers two approaches to model multiphase flow behavior. The non-homogeneous Eulerian-Eulerian Model has been used in this work; it computes global information and is more convenient to study interpenetrated fluids. This study utilized the Large Eddy Simulation Model as the turbulence model, as it is better suited for non-stationary and buoyant flows. The CFD results of this study were validated with experimental data and theoretical results previously obtained. The figures of merit dimensionless penetration length and the dimensionless buoyancy length show good agreement with the experimental measurements. Correlations for these variables were obtained as a function of dimensionless numbers to give generality using only initial boundary conditions. CFD numerical model developed in this research has the capability to simulate the behavior of non-condensable gases discharged in water.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.82-93
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• 2023

In this paper, nonlinear transonic flutter analyses of a composite missile fin considering the effect of delamination are conducted. An effective modal analysis methodology is adopted and verified with the experimental modal test data for laminated composite plates with delamination. Extended version of the in-house computational aeroelastic analysis program with the transonic small-disturbance (TSD) code is used in order to predict the flutter dynamic pressure of the delaminated composite fin models. In the subsonic, transonic, and supersonic flow regions, nonlinear time-domain flutter analyses are performed for various delamination conditions, and aeroelastic characteristics due to the delamination phenomena are examined in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2023

The Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operates at ambient temperature as a low-temperature fuel cell. During its operation, voltage losses arise due to factors such as operating conditions and material properties, effecting its performance. Computational simulations of fuel cells can be categorized into 1D simulation and CFD, chosen based on their specific application purposes. In this study, we carried out an analysis validation using 1D geometry and compared its performance with the results from 2D geometry analysis. CFD allows for the representation of pressure, velocity distribution, and fuel mass fraction according to the geometry, enabling the analysis of current density. However, the 1D simulation, simplifying governing equations to reduce time cost, failed to accurately account for fuel distribution and changes in fuel concentration due to fuel cell operations. As a result, it showed unrealistic results in the cell voltage region dominated by concentration loss compared to CFD.